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Hua Z, Li Z, Lim D, Ajrouch A, Karkash A, Jalal S, Childress M, Turek J, Nolte D. Comparative oncology chemosensitivity assay for personalized medicine using low-coherence digital holography of dynamic light scattering from cancer biopsies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2760. [PMID: 38332203 PMCID: PMC10853550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52404-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Nearly half of cancer patients who receive standard-of-care treatments fail to respond to their first-line chemotherapy, demonstrating the pressing need for improved methods to select personalized cancer therapies. Low-coherence digital holography has the potential to fill this need by performing dynamic contrast OCT on living cancer biopsies treated ex vivo with anti-cancer therapeutics. Fluctuation spectroscopy of dynamic light scattering under conditions of holographic phase stability captures ultra-low Doppler frequency shifts down to 10 mHz caused by light scattering from intracellular motions. In the comparative preclinical/clinical trials presented here, a two-species (human and canine) and two-cancer (esophageal carcinoma and B-cell lymphoma) analysis of spectral phenotypes identifies a set of drug response characteristics that span species and cancer type. Spatial heterogeneity across a centimeter-scale patient biopsy sample is assessed by measuring multiple millimeter-scale sub-samples. Improved predictive performance is achieved for chemoresistance profiling by identifying red-shifted sub-samples that may indicate impaired metabolism and removing them from the prediction analysis. These results show potential for using biodynamic imaging for personalized selection of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hua
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Dawith Lim
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Ali Ajrouch
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Ahmad Karkash
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Shadia Jalal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Michael Childress
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - John Turek
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - David Nolte
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.
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Montalvan-Sanchez EE, Beas R, Karkash A, Godoy A, Norwood DA, Dougherty M. Delays in Colorectal Cancer Screening for Latino Patients: The Role of Immigrant Healthcare in Stemming the Rising Global Incidence of Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology Res 2024; 17:41-51. [PMID: 38463144 PMCID: PMC10923253 DOI: 10.14740/gr1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The significant global burden of colorectal cancer accentuates disparities in access to preventive healthcare in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as well as large sections of underserved populations within high-income countries. The barriers to colorectal cancer screening in economically transitioning Latin America are multiple. At the same time, immigration from these countries to the USA continues to increase. This case highlights the delays in diagnosis experienced by a recent immigrant from a country with no established colorectal cancer screening program, to an immigrant population in the USA with similar poor screening coverage. We discuss common challenges faced by Latinos in their home countries and the USA, as well as strategies that could be implemented to improve screening coverage in US immigrant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renato Beas
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ahmad Karkash
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ambar Godoy
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Diaz L, Karkash A, Alsharari S, Joshi RP, Schamiloglu E, Sanati M. Author Correction: Importance of surface morphology on secondary electron emission: a case study of Cu covered with carbon, carbon pairs, or graphitic-like layers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10749. [PMID: 37400484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Diaz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - A Karkash
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - S Alsharari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - R P Joshi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - E Schamiloglu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - M Sanati
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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Diaz L, Karkash A, Alsharari S, Joshi RP, Schamiloglu E, Sanati M. Importance of surface morphology on secondary electron emission: a case study of Cu covered with carbon, carbon pairs, or graphitic-like layers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8260. [PMID: 37217573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between surface adsorbates and secondary electronic emission is critical for a variety of technologies, since the secondary electrons can have deleterious effects on the operation of devices. The mitigation of such phenomena is desirable. Here, using the collective efforts of first-principles, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo simulations, we studied the effects of a variety of carbon adsorbates on the secondary electron emission of Cu (110). It was demonstrated that the adsorption of atomic C and C[Formula: see text] pair layers can both reduce and increase the number of secondary electrons depending on the adsorbate coverage. It was shown that under electron irradiation, the C-Cu bonds can be dissociated and reformed into C[Formula: see text] pairs and graphitic-like layers, in agreement with experimental observation. It was verified that the lowest secondary electron emission was due to the formation of the graphitic-like layer. To understand the physical reason for changes in number of secondary electrons for different systems from an electronic structure perspective, two-dimensional potential energy surfaces and charge density contour plots were calculated and analyzed. It was shown that the changes are strongly influenced by the Cu surface morphology and depends highly on the nature of the interactions between the surface Cu and C atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Diaz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - A Karkash
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - S Alsharari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - R P Joshi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - E Schamiloglu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - M Sanati
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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Beas R, Riva-Moscoso A, Ribaudo I, Chambergo-Michilot D, Norwood DA, Karkash A, Izquierdo-Veraza D, Montrose J, Ramirez-Rojas M, Montalvan-Sanchez E. Prevalence of depression among patients with Chronic Pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102115. [PMID: 36977457 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) is a fibroinflammatory condition with debilitating symptoms. Quality of life is severely affected in patients with CP and they are likely to suffer from mental health disorders, including depression. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression in patients with CP. METHODS MEDLINE (OVID), PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Scopus and Web of Science were searched until July 2022 to identify manuscripts reporting the prevalence of depressive symptoms and depression (diagnosed clinically or with a validated scale without language restriction) in patients with Chronic Pancreatitis. The pooled prevalence was calculated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed by the inconsistency index (I2). RESULTS Among 3647 articles identified, 58 studies were identified for full text review, and ultimately nine studies were included. A total of 87136 patients were included in the studies. Depression was diagnosed clinically or symptoms were identified using validated scales including Center for Epidemiological Studies 10-item Depression Scale (CESD), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The overall prevalence of depression in patients with chronic pancreatitis was 36.2% (95%CI: 18.8-55.7). In the stratified analysis, depression prevalence according to the clinical diagnosis, BDI and HADS was 30.10%, 48.17% and 36.61%, respectively. CONCLUSION The high prevalence of depression among patients with CP deserves a call-to-action due to its medical implications and worsening quality of life. Our findings raise awareness of the importance of screening patients with CP for mental health disorders. Further well-designed studies are needed to further characterize these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Beas
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA..
| | - Adrian Riva-Moscoso
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Unidad de Investigación y Docencia, Clínica Internacional, Lima, Peru
| | - Isabella Ribaudo
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Dalton Argean Norwood
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Ahmad Karkash
- Oncology Department, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Diego Izquierdo-Veraza
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jonathan Montrose
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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