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Adebayo AO, Alaneme KK, Oyetunji A. Structural characterization and mechanical properties of rotary melting furnace processed aluminium alloyed ductile irons. Journal of Taibah University for Science 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2018.1560701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. O. Adebayo
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria
| | - K. K. Alaneme
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria
| | - A. Oyetunji
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria
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Ticha JM, Matthew KO, Hamisu AW, Fiona B, Mkanda P, Nsubuga P, Tesfaye E, Craig K, Andrew E, Emelife O, Shuaib F, Folasade A, Adeniji J, Adamu U, Dallatu M, Oyeyinka G, Brown H, Nnamah N, Okwori J, Chinedu C, Anibijuwon I, Olubusuyi A, Emmanuel D, Bagana M, Baba M, Nicksy G, Banda R, Tegegne SG, Oyetunji A, Diop O, Tomori O, Vaz RG. Towards an effective poliovirus laboratory containment strategy in Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1304. [PMID: 30541484 PMCID: PMC6291910 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Global Commission for the Certification of the Eradication of Poliomyelitis will declare the world free of wild poliovirus transmission when no wild virus has been found in at least 3 consecutive years, and all laboratories possessing wild poliovirus materials have adopted appropriate measures of containment. Nigeria has made progress towards poliomyelitis eradication with the latest reported WPV type 1 on 21 Aug 2016 after 2 years without any case. This milestone achievement was followed by an inventory of biomedical laboratories completed in November 2015 with the destruction of all identified infectious materials. This paper seeks to describe the poliovirus laboratory containment process in Nigeria on which an effective containment system has been built to minimize the risk of virus re-introduction into the population from the laboratories. METHODS A national survey of all biomedical facilities, as well as an inventory of laboratories from various sectors, was conducted from June-November 2015. National Task Force (NTF) members and staff working on polio administered an on-site questionnaire in each facility. Laboratory personnel were sensitized with all un-needed materials destroyed by autoclaving and incineration. All stakeholders were also sensitized to continue the destruction of such materials as a requirement for phase one activities. RESULTS A total of 20,638 biomedical facilities were surveyed with 9575 having laboratories. Thirty laboratories were found to contain poliovirus or potentially infectious materials. The 30 laboratories belonged to the ministries of health, education, defence and private organizations. CONCLUSIONS This article is amongst the first in Africa that relates poliovirus laboratory containment in the context of the tOPV-bOPV switch in alignment with the Global Action Plan III. All identified infectious materials were destroyed and personnel trained to continue to destroy subsequent materials, a process that needs meticulous monitoring to mitigate the risk of poliovirus re-introduction to the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Braka Fiona
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Pascal Mkanda
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | | | - Eberto Tesfaye
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Craig
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Etsano Andrew
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Obi Emelife
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Faisal Shuaib
- National Task Force on Polio Containment, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Usman Adamu
- National Task Force on Polio Containment, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Holly Brown
- National Task Force on Polio Containment, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Joseph Okwori
- National Task Force on Polio Containment, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Murtala Bagana
- National Task Force on Polio Containment, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Marycelin Baba
- University Teaching Hospital Polio Laboratory, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Gumede Nicksy
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Richard Banda
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sisay G. Tegegne
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ajiboye Oyetunji
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ousmane Diop
- World Health Organization, Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - O. Tomori
- Expert Review Committee on Polio and Routine Immunization, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Rui G. Vaz
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
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Hamisu AW, Shuaib F, Johnson TM, Craig K, Fiona B, Banda R, Tegegne SG, Oyetunji A, Erbeto TB, Nsubuga P, Vaz RG, Muhamed AJG, Usman A. Profile of polio-compatible cases in Nigeria, 2006-2016. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1308. [PMID: 30541494 PMCID: PMC6291912 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tremendous progress made by Nigeria towards polio eradication has recently suffered a setback with the isolation of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) type 2 from environmental samples and confirmation of four wild poliovirus (WPV) cases from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases, with dates of onset of paralysis in July and August 2016. All these viruses were confirmed from the security-challenged northeastern state of Borno. Polio-compatible cases exist in Nigeria, and they indicate surveillance failure. Surveillance, therefore, has to be strengthened for the country to achieve certification. The objective of this paper is to highlight the epidemiological profile and magnitude of polio-compatible cases in Nigeria during the reporting period, as well as immunization and surveillance response activities conducted to close immunity and surveillance gaps. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of AFP surveillance performance and polio-compatible cases in Nigeria between 2006 and 2016 from the AFP database at the World Health Organization Country Office. We also reviewed and compared key epidemiological features of polio-compatible cases with those of wild poliovirus cases during the reporting period. Results The non-polio AFP rate improved from 6.5 in 2006 to 19.5 in 2016. The corresponding figures for stool adequacy rates were 88 and 98%. The total number of polio-compatible cases reported during the reporting period was 888, with the highest number (194) of cases reported in 2006 and the least (24) in 2016. Clusters of polio-compatible cases were reported every year during the reporting period except in 2015. The highest number (65) of polio-compatible cases in clusters was reported in 2006. The key epidemiological features of polio-compatible and wild poliovirus cases were similar. Conclusion AFP surveillance performance has improved significantly during the reporting period. Surveillance gaps still existed as shown by the presence of orphan viruses and polio-compatible cases, and these gaps need to be identified and closed to achieve certification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faisal Shuaib
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Kehinde Craig
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Braka Fiona
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Richard Banda
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sisay G Tegegne
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ajiboye Oyetunji
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Tesfaye B Erbeto
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Ado J G Muhamed
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Adamu Usman
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
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Ayoola WA, Bodude M, Onovo H, Oyetunji A. Effects of zinc powder addition to Villa Gloss and Silka Lux marine enamel paints on corrosion resistance of mild steel. Nig J Tech 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/njt.v37i1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Bassey BE, Fiona B, Muluh TJ, William K, Toritseju MS, Oyetunji A, Ubong AG, Okocha-Ejeko A. Distribution Pattern of the Non Polio Enterovirus (NPEV) Rate in Children with Acute Flaccid Paralysis Reported to the Surveillance System in Nigeria 2010-2015. Health (London) 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2018.107067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Umunakwe R, Olaleye DJ, Oyetunji A, Okoye OC, Umunakwe IJ. Assessment of some mechanical properties and microstructure of particulate periwinkle shell-aluminium 6063 metal matrix composite (PPS-ALMMC) produced by two-step casting. Nig J Tech 2017. [DOI: 10.4314/njt.v36i2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Hamisu AW, Johnson TM, Craig K, Mkanda P, Banda R, Tegegne SG, Oyetunji A, Ningi N, Mohammed SM, Adamu MI, Abdulrahim K, Nsubuga P, Vaz RG, Muhammed AJG. Strategies for Improving Polio Surveillance Performance in the Security-Challenged Nigerian States of Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe During 2009-2014. J Infect Dis 2016; 213 Suppl 3:S136-9. [PMID: 26655842 PMCID: PMC4818552 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The security-challenged states of Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe bear most of the brunt of the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. The security challenge has led to the killing of health workers, destruction of health facilities, and displacement of huge populations. To identify areas of polio transmission and promptly detect possible cases of importation in these states, polio surveillance must be very sensitive. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance in the security-compromised states between 2009 and 2014, using the acute flaccid paralysis database at the World Health Organization Nigeria Country Office. We also reviewed the reports of surveillance activities conducted in these security-challenged states, to identify strategies that were implemented to improve polio surveillance. RESULTS Environmental surveillance was implemented in Borno in 2013 and in Yobe in 2014. All disease surveillance and notification officers in the 3 security-challenged states now receive annual training, and the number of community informants in these states has dramatically increased. Media-based messaging (via radio and television) is now used to sensitize the public to the importance of surveillance, and contact samples have been regularly collected in both states since 2014. CONCLUSIONS The strategies implemented in the security-challenged states improved the quality of polio surveillance during the review period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kehinde Craig
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office
| | - Pascal Mkanda
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Richard Banda
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office
| | | | | | - Nuhu Ningi
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office
| | | | | | | | | | - Rui G Vaz
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office
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Johnson Muluh T, Hamisu AW, Craig K, Mkanda P, Andrew E, Adeniji J, Akande A, Musa A, Ayodeji I, Nicksy G, Banda R, Tegegne SG, Nsubuga P, Oyetunji A, Diop O, Vaz RG, Muhammad AJG. Contribution of Environmental Surveillance Toward Interruption of Poliovirus Transmission in Nigeria, 2012-2015. J Infect Dis 2016; 213 Suppl 3:S131-5. [PMID: 26908747 PMCID: PMC4818559 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cases of paralysis caused by poliovirus have decreased by >99% since the 1988 World Health Assembly's resolution to eradicate polio. The World Health Organization identified environmental surveillance (ES) of poliovirus in the poliomyelitis eradication strategic plan as an activity that can complement acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. This article summarizes key public health interventions that followed the isolation of polioviruses from ES between 2012 and 2015. METHODS The grap method was used to collect 1.75 L of raw flowing sewage every 2-4 weeks. Once collected, samples were shipped at 4 °C to a polio laboratory for concentration. ES data were then used to guide program implementation. RESULTS From 2012 to 2015, ES reported 97 circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV2) and 14 wild polioviruses. In 2014 alone, 54 cVDPV type 2 cases and 1 WPV type 1 case were reported. In Sokoto State, 58 cases of AFP were found from a search of 9426 households. A total of 2 252 059 inactivated polio vaccine and 2 460 124 oral polio vaccine doses were administered to children aged <5 year in Borno and Yobe states. CONCLUSIONS This article is among the first from Africa that relates ES findings to key public health interventions (mass immunization campaigns, inactivated polio vaccine introduction, and strengthening of AFP surveillance) that have contributed to the interruption of poliovirus transmission in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kehinde Craig
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Pascal Mkanda
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Etsano Andrew
- National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja
| | | | - Adefunke Akande
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Audu Musa
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Isiaka Ayodeji
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Gumede Nicksy
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Richard Banda
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sisay G Tegegne
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Ajiboye Oyetunji
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Ousmane Diop
- World Health organization, Head Quarters, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rui G Vaz
- World Health Organization, Country Representative Office, Abuja, Nigeria
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