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Alimohammadian M, Majidi A, Yaseri M, Ahmadi B, Islami F, Derakhshan M, Delavari A, Amani M, Feyz-Sani A, Poustchi H, Pourshams A, Sadjadi AM, Khoshnia M, Qaravi S, Abnet CC, Dawsey S, Brennan P, Kamangar F, Boffetta P, Sadjadi A, Malekzadeh R. Multimorbidity as an important issue among women: results of a gender difference investigation in a large population-based cross-sectional study in West Asia. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e013548. [PMID: 28490550 PMCID: PMC5623450 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of gender on multimorbidity in northern Iran. DESIGN A cross-sectional analysis of the Golestan cohort data. SETTING Golestan Province, Iran. STUDY POPULATION 49 946 residents (age 40-75 years) of Golestan Province, Iran. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Researchers collected data related to multimorbidity, defined as co-existence of two or more chronic diseases in an individual, at the beginning of a representative cohort study which recruited its participants from 2004 to 2008. The researchers utilised simple and multiple Poisson regression models with robust variances to examine the simultaneous effects of multiple factors. RESULTS Women had a 25.0% prevalence of multimorbidity, whereas men had a 13.4% prevalence (p<0.001). Women of all age-groups had a higher prevalence of multimorbidity. Of note, multimorbidity began at a lower age (40-49 years) in women (17.3%) compared with men (8.6%) of the same age (p<0.001). This study identified significant interactions between gender as well as socioeconomic status, ethnicity, physical activity, marital status, education level and smoking (p<0.01). CONCLUSION Prevention and control of multimorbidity requires health promotion programmes to increase public awareness about the modifiable risk factors, particularly among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Alimohammadian
- Department of Human Ecology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Azam Majidi
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Batoul Ahmadi
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Farhad Islami
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Surveillance and Health Service Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mohammad Derakhshan
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Section of Gastroenterology, Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alireza Delavari
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Amani
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Akbar Feyz-Sani
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Liver and Pancreatic Biliary Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SCiences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Mahdi Sadjadi
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Masoud Khoshnia
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroentreology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Samad Qaravi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroentreology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Christian C Abnet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Washington, MD, USA
| | - Sanford Dawsey
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Washington, MD, USA
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Farin Kamangar
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Public Health Analysis, School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, The Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alireza Sadjadi
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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