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Myasnikova D, Mori M, Toyoda A, Yo K, Takeuchi S. 400 Microfluidic culture insert device for fabrication of full-thickness human skin equivalent with perfusable vascular-like channels. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Yoshida G, Matsumura H, Masumoto K, Nakamura H, Toyoda A, Nobuhara F, Iwai S, Nishikawa K, Hayashi K, Ishioka J, Hanaki H, Miyauchi H, Nagahashi S, Sawada M, Goto K, Yamamoto Y, Miura T, Bessho K. Investigation into activation of accelerators at various synchrotron radiation facilities in Japan. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2021.1985646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Go Yoshida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
| | | | | | - Hajime Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
| | | | - Shohei Iwai
- Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kenji Hayashi
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | | | - Hirofumi Hanaki
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyauchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
| | - Shinya Nagahashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
| | | | | | | | - Taichi Miura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kotaro Bessho
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki Japan
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Yoshida G, Nishikawa K, Nakamura H, Yashima H, Sekimoto S, Miura T, Masumoto K, Toyoda A, Matsumura H. Investigation of variations in cobalt and europium concentrations in concrete to prepare for accelerator decommissioning. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Strasser P, Abe M, Aoki M, Choi S, Fukao Y, Higashi Y, Higuchi T, Iinuma H, Ikedo Y, Ishida K, Ito T, Ito TU, Iwasaki M, Kadono R, Kamigaito O, Kanda S, Kawagoe K, Kawall D, Kawamura N, Kitaguchi M, Koda A, Kojima KM, Kubo K, Matama M, Matsuda Y, Matsudate Y, Mibe T, Miyake Y, Mizutani T, Nagamine K, Nishimura S, Ogitsu T, Saito N, Sasaki K, Seo S, Shimizu HM, Shimomura K, Suehara T, Tajima M, Tanaka KS, Tanaka T, Tojo J, Tomono D, Torii HA, Torikai E, Toyoda A, Tsutsumi Y, Ueno K, Ueno Y, Yagi D, Yamamoto A, Yamanaka T, Yamazaki T, Yasuda H, Yoshida M, Yoshioka T. New precise measurements of muonium hyperfine structure at J-PARC MUSE. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201919800003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High precision measurements of the ground state hyperfine structure (HFS) of muonium is a stringent tool for testing bound-state quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory, determining fundamental constants of the muon magnetic moment and mass, and searches for new physics. Muonium is the most suitable system to test QED because both theoretical and experimental values can be precisely determined. Previous measurements were performed decades ago at LAMPF with uncertainties mostly dominated by statistical errors. At the J-PARC Muon Science Facility (MUSE), the MuSEUM collaboration is planning complementary measurements of muonium HFS both at zero and high magnetic field. The new high-intensity muon beam that will soon be available at H-Line will provide an opportunity to improve the precision of these measurements by one order of magnitude. An overview of the different aspects of these new muonium HFS measurements, the current status of the preparation for high-field measurements, and the latest results at zero field are presented.
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Nobuhara F, Kuroyanagi M, Masumoto K, Nakamura H, Toyoda A, Takahashi K. Neutron transport calculation for Activation Evaluation for Decommissioning of PET cyclotron Facility. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201715304007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kinoshita N, Matsumura H, Bessho K, Toyoda A, Masumoto K, Matsushi Y, Sasa K, Takahashi T, Mihara S, Oki T, Matsumura M, Tosaki Y, Sueki K, Tamari M, Nagashima Y. Depth Profile of Radioactivity Induced in the Thick Concrete Shield in EP1 Beam Line at the KEK 12-GeV Proton Synchrotron Facility. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt09-a9292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norikazu Kinoshita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsumura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kotaro Bessho
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Masumoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsushi
- University of Tokyo, Micro Analysis Laboratory, Tandem Accelerator, Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Kimikazu Sasa
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Shozo Mihara
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Oki
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Masumi Matsumura
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yuki Tosaki
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sueki
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Michiko Tamari
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nagashima
- University of Tsukuba, Tandem Accelerator Complex 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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Matsumura H, Kinoshita N, Toyoda A, Masumoto K, Bessho K, Hagiwara M, Yamanoi Y. Adsorption Behavior of Radionuclides on Ion-Exchange Resin from Cooling Water for the K2K Target and Magnetic Horns. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt168-979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Matsumura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Norikazu Kinoshita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Masumoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kotaro Bessho
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hagiwara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamanoi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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Matsumura H, Nakamura H, Toyoda A, Hozumi KI, Sakai H, Enami K, Furuya T, Shinoe K, Umemori K, Haga K, Sakanaka S, Sawamura M, Cenni E. Indirect measurement of field emission electron current from the main superconducting cavities of compact ERL at KEK. EPJ Web Conf 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201715307011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Yonekura S, Kodama M, Murano S, Kishi H, Toyoda A. Richter's Type of Incarcerated Obturator Hernia that Presented with a Deep Femoral Abscess: An Autopsy Case Report. Am J Case Rep 2016; 17:830-833. [PMID: 27818487 PMCID: PMC5102243 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.899791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Female, 89 Final Diagnosis: Obturator hernia Symptoms: Coxalgia • femoral abscess • gait disorder Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Surgery
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Yonekura
- Department of Endocrinology, Tochigi Medical Center Shimotsuga, Tochigi City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kodama
- Department of Surgery, Tochigi Medical Center Shimotsuga, Tochigi City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shunichi Murano
- Department of Endocrinology, Tochigi Medical Center Shimotsuga, Tochigi City, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Kishi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Douai Kinen Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- Department of Surgical Pathology, JA Kouseiren Kamitsuga General Hospital, Kanuma, Tochigi, Japan
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Takahashi H, Agari K, Aoki K, Hagiwara M, Hirose E, Ieiri M, Iwasaki R, Katoh Y, Minakawa M, Muto R, Naruki M, Noumi H, Sato Y, Sawada S, Shirakabe Y, Suzuki Y, Tanaka KH, Toyoda A, Watanabe H, Yamanoi Y. Indirectly water-cooled production target at J-PARC hadron facility. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-3940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hashimoto T, Ajimura S, Beer G, Bhang H, Bragadireanu M, Buehler P, Busso L, Cargnelli M, Choi S, Curceanu C, Enomoto S, Faso D, Fujioka H, Fujiwara Y, Fukuda T, Guaraldo C, Hayano RS, Hiraiwa T, Iio M, Iliescu M, Inoue K, Ishiguro Y, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto S, Ishiwatari T, Itahashi K, Iwai M, Iwasaki M, Kato Y, Kawasaki S, Kienle P, Kou H, Ma Y, Marton J, Matsuda Y, Mizoi Y, Morra O, Nagae T, Noumi H, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Piscicchia K, Poli Lener M, Romero Vida A, Sada Y, Sakaguchi A, Sakuma F, Sato M, Scordo A, Sekimoto M, Shi H, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki T, Tanida K, Tatsuno H, Tokuda M, Tomono D, Toyoda A, Tsukada K, Vazquez Doce O, Widmann E, Wuenschek BK, Yamaga T, Yamazaki T, Yim H, Zhang Q, Zmeska J. A search for the K−ppbound state in the 3He( K−in-flight, n) reaction at J-PARC. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146609008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sada Y, Ajimura S, Beer G, Bhang H, Bragadireanu M, Buehler P, Busso L, Cargnelli M, Choi S, Curceanu C, Enomoto S, Faso D, Fujioka H, Fujiwara Y, Fukuda T, Guaraldo C, Hashimoto T, Hayano RS, Hiraiwa T, Iio M, Iliescu M, Inoue K, Ishiguro Y, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto S, Ishiwatari T, Itahashi K, Iwai M, Iwasaki M, Kato Y, Kawasaki S, Kienle P, Kou H, Ma Y, Marton J, Matsuda Y, Mizoi Y, Morra O, Nagae T, Noumi H, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Piscicchia K, Poli Lener M, Romero Vidal A, Sakaguchi A, Sakuma F, Sato M, Scordo A, Sekimoto M, Shi H, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki T, Tanida K, Tatsuno H, Tokuda M, Tomono D, Toyoda A, Tsukada K, Vazquez Doce O, Widmann E, Weunschek BK, Yamaga T, Yamazaki T, Yim H, Zhang Q, Zmeskal J. Search for the K−ppbound state via the in-flight 3He( K−, n) reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20148102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Doi T, Masumoto K, Toyoda A, Tanaka A, Shibata Y, Hirose K. Anthropogenic radionuclides in the atmosphere observed at Tsukuba: characteristics of the radionuclides derived from Fukushima. J Environ Radioact 2013; 122:55-62. [PMID: 23542231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
During a serious accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), a huge quantity of radionuclides was released into the atmosphere and ocean. We measured anthropogenic radionuclides in surface air at Tsukuba, about 170 km from the FDNPP. On March 15, 2011, we detected the radioactivity released from the Fukushima accident in air samples at Tsukuba. The major radionuclides that we observed were radioiodine ((131)I, (132)I, (133)I) and radiocesium ((134)Cs, (136)Cs, (137)Cs). This radioiodine consisted of gaseous and particulate forms; the percentage of particulate (131)I in the total (131)I ranged from 0 to 86%. The percentage of the particulate (131)I to the total (131)I increased on the arrival of the plumes from major emissions of the FDNPP. After activities of the radionuclides attained the maximum on March 15, 2011, the FDNPP-derived radionuclides decreased rapidly in surface air. The activity median aerodynamic diameter of (131)I-bearing particles was 0.7 μm, while those of (134)Cs- and (137)Cs-bearing particles were larger than 1 μm. Large variations of ratios of (131)I/(137)Cs, (132)Te/(137)Cs, and (99)Mo ((99m)Tc)/(137)Cs (all involving different elements) suggest that the behaviors of these radionuclides in the atmosphere, including the processes of their emission, differed each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Doi
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
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Yoshida H, Toyoda A, Tanaka N, Masuda W, Kitagawa M, Suzuki Y, Harigaya K. Abstract 280: Switching of CD44 and hMena mRNA splice variants between the intramucosal lesion and invasive front of early stage human colorectal carcinoma (pT1), and their relationship to the expression of cancer stem cell markers and clinicopathological features. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a key process involved in both tumor metastasis and cancer stem cell development. Recent studies have indicated that regulation at the level of alternative splicing constitutes a critical mechanism that controls EMT and cancer progression (Warzecha CC et al. Mol Cell 33:591,2009). The aim of this study was to clarify the mRNA expression statuses of CD44 and hMena splice variants and colon cancer stemness markers in pT1 stage colorectal carcinoma (CRC).
Materials and methods:The mRNA expression of CD44 and hMena splice variants as well as colorectal cancer stemness markers, such as ALDH1, CD133 and CD26, were analyzed in 58 tumors of early CRC featuring submucosal invasion (pT1). The samples were obtained from endoscopically resected specimens between 2006 and 2010 at the Asahi General Hospital. The mRNAs were extracted from the mucosal lesion and invasive front of each CRC specimen using laser-captured microdissection then analyzed by semi-quantitative real-time PCR. The correlations between expression of these mRNAs and clinicopathological factors were also investigated. This study was approved by institutional review boards.
Results:Significantly higher CD44s mRNA levels were predominantly expressed in the samples from invasive fronts when compared with those measured from intramucosal lesion, while CD44v mRNA levels were significantly higher in the samples from intramucosal lesions than of those from invasive fronts (P=0.0004 and 0.001, respectively). The hMena+11a mRNA levels in the mucosal lesions were higher than those measured from the invasive front (p=0.006). The mRNA levels of hMenaINV, in contrast, showed the reversed expression pattern. Thus, cell-type specific expression of epithelial and mesenchmal isoforms of hMena is achieved through tight regulation of mutually exclusive exons hMena+11a and MenaINV, respectively. The mRNA levels of ALDH1, CD133 and CD26 were low and did not differ between samples from the intramucosal area and invasive front. However, ALDH1 transcript levels increased at the area of subserosal invasion of advanced CRCs. Notably, higher expression levels of hMenaINV mRNAs in samples extracted from invasive fronts were associated with tumor budding grade (P=0.008).
Discussion:Our study indicates that the expression of CD44s and MenaINV may reflect the EMT better than the cancer stem cell markers during the initial submucosal invasion of CRC. In summary, the expression of CD44 and hMena splice variants could be potentially useful biomarkers for evaluating the malignant potential of CRC.
Citation Format: Hiroshi Yoshida, Akihiro Toyoda, Noriyuki Tanaka, Wataru Masuda, Motoo Kitagawa, Yoshio Suzuki, Kenichi Harigaya. Switching of CD44 and hMena mRNA splice variants between the intramucosal lesion and invasive front of early stage human colorectal carcinoma (pT1), and their relationship to the expression of cancer stem cell markers and clinicopathological features. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 280. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-280
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yoshida
- 1Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- 1Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Tanaka
- 1Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Wataru Masuda
- 1Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoo Kitagawa
- 1Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshio Suzuki
- 2Department of Pathology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harigaya
- 1Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Kagoshima H, Kito K, Aizu T, Shin-i T, Kanda H, Kobayashi S, Toyoda A, Fujiyama A, Kohara Y, Convey P, Niki H. Multi-decadal survival of an Antarctic nematode, Plectus murrayi, in a -20°C stored moss sample. Cryo Letters 2012; 33:280-288. [PMID: 22987239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It is not clear for how long Antarctic soil nematodes might tolerate freezing. Samples of the Antarctic moss, Bryum argenteum, were collected on 1 October 1983 at Langhovde, Soya coast, eastern Antarctica and were stored at -20°C. After 25.5 years of storage, living nematodes were recovered from the samples and were identified as Plectus murrayi by morphological examination and nucleotide sequencing of ribosomal RNA loci. The nematodes can grow and reproduce in a water agar plate with bacteria (mainly Pseudomonas sp.) cultured from the moss extract. They showed freezing tolerance at -20°C and -80°C and their survival rate after exposure to -20°C, but not -80°C, was increased if they were initially frozen slowly at a high sub-zero temperature. They also showed some ability to tolerate desiccation stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kagoshima
- Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Tokyo, Japan.
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Namito Y, Nakamura H, Toyoda A, Iijima K, Iwase H, Ban S, Hirayama H. Transformation of a system consisting of plane isotropic source and unit sphere detector into a system consisting of point isotropic source and plane detector in Monte Carlo radiation transport calculation. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2011.649079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Saito T, Kawana H, Azuma K, Toyoda A, Fujita H, Kitagawa M, Harigaya K. Fragmented hyaluronan is an autocrine chemokinetic motility factor supported by the HAS2-HYAL2/CD44 system on the plasma membrane. Int J Oncol 2011; 39:1311-20. [PMID: 21743962 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is synthesized by HA synthase (HAS) 1, HAS2 and HAS3, and degraded by hyaluronidase (HYAL) 1 and HYAL2 in a CD44-dependent manner. HA and HYALs are intricately involved in tumor growth and metastasis. Random cell movement is generally described as chemokinesis, and represents an important step at the beginning of tumor cell liberation from the primary site. To investigate the roles of HAS2 and HYAL2/CD44 in cell motility, we examined HeLa-S3 cells showing spontaneous chemokinesis. HeLa-S3 cells expressed HAS2 and HAS3. siRNA-mediated knockdown of HAS2 decreased spontaneous chemokinesis of HeLa-S3 cells. Although HeLa-S3 cells secreted 50 ng/ml of high molecular weight (HMW)-HA (peak: 990 kDa) into the culture supernatant after 6 h of culture, exogenously added HMW-HA did not enhance spontaneous chemokinesis of the cells. These observations suggested that HeLa-S3 cells may have a self-degrading system for HA to regulate their spontaneous chemokinesis. To examine this possibility, we investigated the effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown of HYAL2 or CD44 on the spontaneous chemokinesis of HeLa-S3 cells. Knockdown of either molecule decreased the spontaneous chemokinesis of the cells. Low molecular weight (LMW)-HA (23 kDa) reversed the HYAL2 siRNA-mediated reduction in spontaneous chemokinesis of HeLa-S3 cells to the level in control cells stimulated with the same HA. These findings indicate that the HAS2-HYAL2/CD44 system may support spontaneous chemokinesis of human cancer cells through self-degradation of HMW-HA to produce LMW-HA by an autocrine mechanism. Consequently, our study may further expand our understanding of HA functions in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruyoshi Saito
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Harigaya K, Saito T, Azuma K, Umemiya T, Toyoda A, Shida Y, Kitagawa M. Abstract 1393: CD44 has dual functions to enhance the hyaluronan-induced chemokinesis in cancer cells as an associated molecule of hyaluronidase2-mediated HA catabolism and a hyaluronan receptor for RhoGTPase activation. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Major oncogenic signaling pathways are involved in the alteration of hyaluronan (HA) metabolism of cancer cells, such as Erb B, Wnt, TGF-β and p53 signalings. HA is a widely distributed extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan and changes biological activities depending on its molecular sizes. Our recent study has shown that fragmented low molecular weight (LMW) HA (approximately 20 kDa) is an autocrine chemokinetic motility factor supported by the HA synthethase2-hyaluronidase2 / CD44 system on the plasma membrane of the cancer cells. In HeLaS3 cells, LMW-HA stimulation effectively enhanced cell spreading and random cell movement (chemokinesis) among different molecular sizes of HA (3, 23, 230, 940-kDa). Biochemically, LMW HA effectively provoked a RhoA activation, recurrent Cdc42 and Rac1 activation, and sustained phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Constrastly, 220 kDa HA did not enhance chemokinesis of HeLaS3 cells with similar activation profiles of Rac1 and ERK 1/2 except for the progressive decrease of Cdc42 and RhoA activation. The transfection of CD44 si-RNA to HeLaS3 cells abolished the enhanced chemokinesis with the remarkable decrease of Rho GTPase activation even in LMW HA stimulation. Accordingly, our study showed that CD44 has dual functions to enhance the HA-induced chemokinesis in cancer cells as an associated molecule of hyaluronidase2-mediated HA catabolism and a HA receptor for RhoGTPase activation.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1393. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1393
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuki Shida
- 1Chiba Univ. Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Toyoda A, Yokota A, Saito T, Kawana H, Higashi M, Suzuki Y, Tanaka T, Kitagawa M, Harigaya K. Overexpression of human ortholog of mammalian enabled (hMena) is associated with the expression of mutant p53 protein in human breast cancers. Int J Oncol 2011; 38:89-96. [PMID: 21109929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The human ortholog of mammalian enabled (hMena), a member of the enabled/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP) family, is an actin regulatory protein involved in the regulation of cell motility. Increasing evidence suggests that hMena overexpression is involved in human cancers, but the upstream events that influence the expression of hMena remain to be elucidated. In this study, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of hMena protein in paraffin-embedded archival tissues of infiltrating ductal carcinomas (IDCs) obtained from 52 cases. We found that elevated hMena expression is associated with larger tumor size (>2.5 cm, p<0.01), HER2 expression (p<0.05), p53 index (p<0.03) and Ki67 index (p<0.01), suggesting that hMena is a predictor of poor prognosis in IDCs. The histological characteristics of each specimen showed that hMena was overexpressed in the tumor cells at the invasive front of IDCs, indicating that hMena expression is at least partly mediated by tumor cell-matrix interactions. To explore the role of the absence of p53 function in hMena overexpression of IDCs, wild-type p53 cDNA was introduced into SW620 cells, which originally express mutant p53. In wild-type p53-transfected cells, hMena mRNA expression was decreased to 70% of the levels in mock transfected cells (p<0.01). In conclusion, our study indicates that hMena overexpression is involved in the progression of IDCs, and raises the possibility that wild-type p53 may suppress hMena expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Toyoda
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology (E4), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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Kazuki Y, Hoshiya H, Takiguchi M, Abe S, Iida Y, Osaki M, Katoh M, Hiratsuka M, Shirayoshi Y, Hiramatsu K, Ueno E, Kajitani N, Yoshino T, Kazuki K, Ishihara C, Takehara S, Tsuji S, Ejima F, Toyoda A, Sakaki Y, Larionov V, Kouprina N, Oshimura M. Refined human artificial chromosome vectors for gene therapy and animal transgenesis. Gene Ther 2010; 18:384-93. [PMID: 21085194 PMCID: PMC3125098 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2010.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) have several advantages as gene therapy vectors, including stable episomal maintenance, and the ability to carry large gene inserts. We previously developed HAC vectors from the normal human chromosomes using a chromosome engineering technique. However, endogenous genes were remained in these HACs, limiting their therapeutic applications. In this study, we refined a HAC vector without endogenous genes from human chromosome 21 in homologous recombination-proficient chicken DT40 cells. The HAC was physically characterized using a transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning strategy followed by sequencing of TAR-bacterial artificial chromosome clones. No endogenous genes were remained in the HAC. We demonstrated that any desired gene can be cloned into the HAC using the Cre-loxP system in Chinese hamster ovary cells, or a homologous recombination system in DT40 cells. The HAC can be efficiently transferred to other type of cells including mouse ES cells via microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. The transferred HAC was stably maintained in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, tumor cells containing a HAC carrying the suicide gene, herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK), were selectively killed by ganciclovir in vitro and in vivo. Thus, this novel HAC vector may be useful not only for gene and cell therapy, but also for animal transgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kazuki
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
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Togawa Y, Tonouchi A, Chiku T, Sano W, Doki T, Yano K, Uno H, Muronoi T, Kaneoya K, Shinagawa T, Harigaya K, Toyoda A. A case report of undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas and literature review. Clin J Gastroenterol 2010; 3:195-203. [PMID: 26190247 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-010-0160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/06/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclast-like giant cell tumors rarely arise in the pancreas. Here we report the case of a 78-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a well-defined 3 cm multilocular mass in the pancreatic body by the use of ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The rim and the septa of the tumor were well enhanced. The distal pancreas was removed with the spleen and the peripancreatic lymph nodes. Macroscopically, the mass was composed predominantly of a multilocular cystic tumor filled with hemorrhagic necrosis, and partly composed of solid components. A histopathological study showed a proliferation of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells and spindle cells. Although the predominant tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin and CD68 and negative for epithelial markers, there were some sparsely scattered cytokeratin-positive neoplastic glands. Seventeen months after surgery, the patient is still alive and has had no recurrence. Below we review 32 cases of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas that have been reported in English literature since 2000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Togawa
- Department of Surgery, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Tonouchi
- Department of Surgery, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 8-3-33 Kamiochiai, Chuou, Saitama, Saitama, 338-8553, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Chiku
- Department of Surgery, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Wataru Sano
- Department of Surgery, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoko Doki
- Department of Surgery, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yano
- Department of Surgery, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Uno
- Department of Surgery, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Muronoi
- Department of Surgery, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Kaneoya
- Department of Radiology, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033 Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Shinagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kamitsuga General Hospital, 1-1033, Shimota, Kanuma, Tochigi, 322-8550, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harigaya
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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Bhang H, Ajimura S, Aoki K, Banu A, Fukuda T, Hashimoto O, Hwang J, Kameoka S, Kang B, Kim E, Kim J, Maruta T, Miura Y, Miyake Y, Nagae T, Nakamura M, Nakamura S, Noumi H, Okada S, Okayasu Y, Outa H, Park H, Saha P, Sato Y, Sekimoto M, Takahashi T, Tamura H, Tanida K, Toyoda A, Tshoo K, Tsukada K, Watanabe T, Yim H. The Contribution of the Three-Body Process in the Nonmesonic Weak Decay of the Λ12CHypernucleus. EPJ Web of Conferences 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100305013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Iio M, Bhang H, Cargnelli M, Choi S, Curceanu C, Doce O, Enomoto S, Fujioka H, Fujiwara Y, Guaraldo C, Hashimoto T, Hayano R, Hiraiwa T, Ishimoto S, Ishiwatari T, Itahashi K, Iwasaki M, Kou H, Kienle P, Marton J, Matsuda Y, Noumi H, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Sakuma F, Sato M, Sekimoto M, Shi H, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki T, Tanida K, Tatsuno H, Tokuda M, Tomono D, Toyoda A, Tsukada K, Vidal A, Widmann E, Wunschek B, Yamazaki T, Zmeskal J. Precision Spectroscopy of Kaonic Helium-3 Atoms X-rays at J-PARC. EPJ Web of Conferences 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100303017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ajimura S, Beer G, Bhang H, Bragadireanu M, Buehler P, Busso L, Cargnelli M, Choi S, Curceanu C, Enomoto S, Faso D, Fujioka H, Fujiwara Y, Fukuda T, Fukuda Y, Guaraldo C, Hashimoto T, Hayano R, Hiraiwa T, Iio M, Iliescu M, Inoue K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto S, Ishiwatari T, Itahashi K, Iwai M, Iwasaki M, Kienle P, Kou H, Marton J, Matsuda Y, Mizoi Y, Morra O, Nagae T, Noumi H, Ohnishi H, Okada S, Outa H, Pietreanu D, Sada Y, Sakaguchi A, Sakuma F, Sato M, Sekimoto M, Sirghi D, Sirghi F, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki T, Tatsuno H, Tokuda M, Tomono D, Toyoda A, Tsukada K, Widmann E, Yamazaki T, Yim H, Zmeskal J. A search for deeply-bound kaonic nuclear states at J-PARC. EPJ Web of Conferences 2010. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20100307015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Toyoda A, Komaba A, Yoshizumi H, Hanaoka R, Sakuma S, Ichinohe A, Kawana H, Harigaya K. Collision of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a case report. BMJ Case Rep 2009; 2009:bcr07.2009.2075. [PMID: 22110555 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.07.2009.2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of an 83-year-old female patient with a collision tumour of an advanced Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer and a large gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST). According to the deformity of the gastric wall caused by the GIST, type 4 cancer was difficult to identify by oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD). The patient died of progressive gastric cancer related disease. While the mechanism of histogenesis of the simultaneous adenocarcinoma and GIST remains to be determined, the present case suggests that gastric adenocarcinoma has a more adverse effect on prognosis than does GIST. Additionally, this case suggests that thorough inspection of GIST patients is required at the OGD and at the pathology facility, in order to avoid overlooking the underlying cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Toyoda
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Molecular and Tumor Pathology, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
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Kim M, Ajimura S, Aoki K, Banu A, Bhang H, Fukuda T, Hashimoto O, Hwang JI, Kameoka S, Kang BH, Kim E, Kim JH, Maruta T, Miura Y, Miyake Y, Nagae T, Nakamura M, Nakamura SN, Noumi H, Okada S, Okayasu Y, Outa H, Park H, Saha PK, Sato Y, Sekimoto M, Takahashi T, Tamura H, Tanida K, Toyoda A, Tshoo K, Tsukada K, Watanabe T, Yim HJ. Three-body nonmesonic weak decay of the (Lambda)12C hypernucleus. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:182502. [PMID: 19905801 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.182502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the branching ratio of the three-body process in the nonmesonic weak decay of Lambda12C to be 0.29+/-0.13. This result was obtained by reproducing the nucleon and the nucleon pair yields introducing a measured final state interaction. At the same time, we have determined the absolute decay widths, Gamma(n) and Gamma(p), along with Gamma2N, whose relative ratio has been a long-standing puzzle. Including the three-body process, we have successfully reproduced the nucleon energy distribution, the coincidence two-nucleon angular correlation, and the momentum sum distribution simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
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Higashi M, Ishikawa C, Yu J, Toyoda A, Kawana H, Kurokawa K, Matsuda M, Kitagawa M, Harigaya K. Human Mena associates with Rac1 small GTPase in glioblastoma cell lines. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4765. [PMID: 19277120 PMCID: PMC2651628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammarian enabled (Mena), a member of the Enabled (Ena)/Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) family of proteins, has been implicated in cell motility through regulation of the actin cytoskeleton assembly, including lamellipodial protrusion. Rac1, a member of the Rho family GTPases, also plays a pivotal role in the formation of lamellipodia. Here we report that human Mena (hMena) colocalizes with Rac1 in lamellipodia, and using an unmixing assisted acceptor depletion fluorescence resonance energy transfer (u-adFRET) analysis that hMena associates with Rac1 in vivo in the glioblastoma cell line U251MG. Depletion of hMena by siRNA causes cells to be highly spread with the formation of lamellipodia. This cellular phenotype is canceled by introduction of a dominant negative form of Rac1. A Rac activity assay and FRET analysis showed that hMena knock-down cells increased the activation of Rac1 at the lamellipodia. These results suggest that hMena possesses properties which help to regulate the formation of lamellipodia through the modulation of the activity of Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morihiro Higashi
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chieko Ishikawa
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Toyoda
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidetada Kawana
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kurokawa
- Molecular Membrane Biology Laboratory, RIKEN Discovery Research Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Michiyuki Matsuda
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoo Kitagawa
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harigaya
- Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Toyoda A, Kawana H, Azuhata K, Yu J, Omata A, Kishi H, Higashi M, Harigaya K. Aberrant expression of human ortholog of mammalian enabled (hMena) in human colorectal carcinomas: implications for its role in tumor progression. Int J Oncol 2009; 34:53-60. [PMID: 19082477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The human ortholog of mammalian enabled (hMena), a family of enabled/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (Ena/VASP), is an actin regulatory protein involved in the regulation of cell motility. Increasing evidence suggests that hMena over-expression is involved in human breast cancers, whereas the significance of hMena expression in colorectal carcinomas remains to be elucidated. In this study, we assessed the relative mRNA level of hMena using real-time PCR, showing that there is a statistically significant increase of hMena transcripts in matched human colorectal carcinomas and adjacent non-neoplastic colorectal epithelium (n=6, P=0.046). We also performed immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of hMena protein in 50 cases of paraffin-embedded archival colorectal tissues, and found that an elevated hMena expression is correlated to the cases with advanced TNM stages of colorectal carcinomas (P<0.001). On further inspection of immunohistochemical features of each specimen, we observed intensified hMena staining in the invasive front of colorectal carcinomas, especially in tumor budding, a transition from glandular structure to single or small clusters of cells at the invasive front. We demonstrated that there was a significantly increased hMena staining in the tumor budding as compared with more morphologically-differentiated areas of colorectal carcinomas, indicating that hMena over-expression may have a role in the initial steps of tumor invasion from primary sites. We performed in vitro motility assays to show that transient hMena transfection markedly enhanced the chemotactic/chemokinetic activity of HeLaS3 cells (P<0.001). Taken together, these results suggest that hMena over-expression is implicated in the progression of colorectal carcinomas by positively affecting the migratory phenotype of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Toyoda
- Department of Molecular and Tumor Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Matsumura H, Masumoto K, Toyoda A, Kinoshita N. List-mode coincidence data analysis for highly selective and low background detection of gamma-nuclides in activated samples. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-008-1602-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fujiwara K, Miyaguchi Y, Feng XH, Toyoda A, Nakamura Y, Yamazaki M, Nakashima K, Abe H. Effect of Fermented Soybean, “Natto” on the Production and Qualities of Chicken Meat. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2008.70655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fujiwara K, Miyaguchi Y, Toyoda A, Nakamura Y, Yamazaki M, Nakashima K, Abe H. Effect of Fermented Soybean “Natto” Supplement on Egg Production and Qualities. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2008.70654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang J, Hu C, Wu Y, Stuart A, Amemiya C, Berriman M, Toyoda A, Hattori M, Aksoy S. Characterization of the antimicrobial peptide attacin loci from Glossina morsitans. Insect Mol Biol 2008; 17:293-302. [PMID: 18477243 PMCID: PMC2656931 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2008.00805.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide Attacin is an immune effector molecule that can inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria. In Glossina morsitans morsitans, which serves as the sole vectors of African trypanosomes, Attacins also play a role in trypanosome resistance, and in maintaining parasite numbers at homeostatic levels in infected individuals. We characterized the attacin encoding loci from a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) library. The attacin genes are organized into three clusters. Cluster 1 contains two attacin (attA) genes located in head-to-head orientation, cluster 2 contains two closely related genes (attA and attB) located in a similar transcriptional orientation, and cluster 3 contains a single attacin gene (attD). Coding and transcription regulatory sequences of attA and attB are nearly identical, but differ significantly from attD. Putative AttA and AttB have signal peptide sequences, but lack the pro domain typically present in insect Attacins. Putative AttD lacks both domains. Analysis of attacin cDNA sequences shows polymorphisms that could arise either from allelic variations or from the presence of additional attacin genomic loci. Real time-PCR analysis reveals that attA and attB expression is induced in the fat body of flies per os challenged with Escherichia coli and parasitized with trypanosomes. In the midgut, expression of these attacins is similarly induced following microbial challenge, but reduced in response to parasite infections. Transcription of AttD is significantly less relative to the other two genes, and is preferentially induced in the fat body of parasitized flies. These results indicate that the different attacin genes may be differentially regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Imao H, Ishida K, Kawamura N, Matsuzaki T, Matsuda Y, Toyoda A, Strasser P, Iwasaki M, Nagamine K. Preparation of ortho-para ratio controlled D2 gas for muon-catalyzed fusion. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:053502. [PMID: 18513064 DOI: 10.1063/1.2918538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A negative muon in hydrogen targets, e.g., D2 or D-T mixture, can catalyze nuclear fusions following a series of atomic processes involving muonic hydrogen molecular formation (muon-catalyzed fusion, muCF). The ortho-para state of D2 is a crucial parameter not only for enhancing the fusion rate but also to precisely investigate various muonic atom processes. We have developed a system for controlling and measuring the ortho-para ratio of D2 gas for muCF experiments. We successfully collected para-enriched D2 without using liquid-hydrogen coolant. Ortho-enriched D2 was also obtained by using a catalytic conversion method with a mixture of chromium oxide and alumina. The ortho-para ratio of D2 gas was measured with a compact Raman spectroscopy system. We produced large volume (5-30 l at STP), high-purity (less than ppm high-Z contaminant) D2 targets with a wide range of ortho-para ratios (ortho 20%-99%). By using the ortho-para controlled D2 in muCF experiments, we observed the dependence of muCF phenomena on the ortho-para ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Imao
- Atomic Physics Laboratory, Discovery Research Institute, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Rensing SA, Lang D, Zimmer AD, Terry A, Salamov A, Shapiro H, Nishiyama T, Perroud PF, Lindquist EA, Kamisugi Y, Tanahashi T, Sakakibara K, Fujita T, Oishi K, Shin-I T, Kuroki Y, Toyoda A, Suzuki Y, Hashimoto SI, Yamaguchi K, Sugano S, Kohara Y, Fujiyama A, Anterola A, Aoki S, Ashton N, Barbazuk WB, Barker E, Bennetzen JL, Blankenship R, Cho SH, Dutcher SK, Estelle M, Fawcett JA, Gundlach H, Hanada K, Heyl A, Hicks KA, Hughes J, Lohr M, Mayer K, Melkozernov A, Murata T, Nelson DR, Pils B, Prigge M, Reiss B, Renner T, Rombauts S, Rushton PJ, Sanderfoot A, Schween G, Shiu SH, Stueber K, Theodoulou FL, Tu H, Van de Peer Y, Verrier PJ, Waters E, Wood A, Yang L, Cove D, Cuming AC, Hasebe M, Lucas S, Mishler BD, Reski R, Grigoriev IV, Quatrano RS, Boore JL. The Physcomitrella Genome Reveals Evolutionary Insights into the Conquest of Land by Plants. Science 2007; 319:64-9. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1150646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1452] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Takahashi H, Kamiya A, Ishiguro A, Suzuki AC, Saitou N, Toyoda A, Aruga J. Conservation and Diversification of Msx Protein in Metazoan Evolution. Mol Biol Evol 2007; 25:69-82. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msm228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ohashi J, Naka I, Toyoda A, Takasu M, Tokunaga K, Ishida T, Sakaki Y, Hohjoh H. Estimation of the species-specific mutation rates at the DRB1 locus in humans and chimpanzee. Tissue Antigens 2006; 68:427-31. [PMID: 17092256 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00688.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To estimate the species-specific mutation rates at the DRB1 locus in humans and chimpanzee, we analyzed the nucleotide sequence of a 37.6-kb chimpanzee chromosomal segment containing the entire Patr-DRB1*0701 allele and the flanking nongenic region and we compared it with two corresponding human sequences containing the HLA-DRB1*070101 allele using the sequence of HLA-DRB1*04011 as an outgroup. Because the allelic pair of HLA-DRB1*070101 and Patr-DRB1*0701 shows the lowest number of substitutions between the two species, it appears that these sequences diverged close to the time of the humans-chimpanzee divergence (6 million years ago). Alignment of the nucleotide sequences for HLA-DRB1*070101 and Patr-DRB1*0701 alleles showed that they share a high degree of similarity, suggesting that the studied chromosomal segments with these sequences have not been subjected to recombination since the humans-chimpanzee divergence. Comparison of the flanking 10.6 kb of nongenic sequences revealed an average of 41.5 and 83 single nucleotide substitutions in humans and chimpanzee, respectively. Thus, the species-specific nucleotide substitution rates in the flanking nongenic region were estimated to be 6.53 x 10(-10) and 1.31 x 10(-9) per site per year in humans and chimpanzee, respectively. Unexpectedly, the estimated rate in humans was twofold lower than in chimpanzee (P < 10(-3), Tajima's relative rate test) and lower than the average substitution rate in the human genome. Because the nucleotide substitution rate in nongenic regions free from selection is expected to be equal to the mutation rate, the estimated substitution rate should correspond to the species-specific mutation rate at the DRB1 locus. Our results strongly suggest that the mutation rate at DRB1 locus differs among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ohashi
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Vu HA, Xinh PT, Masuda M, Motoji T, Toyoda A, Sakaki Y, Tokunaga K, Sato Y. FLT3 is fused to ETV6 in a myeloproliferative disorder with hypereosinophilia and a t(12;13)(p13;q12) translocation. Leukemia 2006; 20:1414-21. [PMID: 16761019 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 03/22/2006] [Accepted: 04/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene, belonging to the receptor tyrosine kinase (TK) subclass III family, plays an important role in normal hematopoiesis and is one of the most frequently mutated genes in hematologic malignancies as well as an attractive target for directed inhibition. Activating mutations of this gene, including internal tandem duplication in the juxtamembrane (JM) domain and point mutations in the TK domain, are found in approximately one-third of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and in a smaller subset of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We report here that FLT3 may contribute to leukemogenesis in a patient with myeloproliferative disorder and a t(12;13)(p13;q12) translocation through generating a fusion gene with the ETS variant gene 6 (ETV6) gene. ETV6 has been reported to fuse to various partner genes, including TK and transcription factors. Both ETV6/FLT3 and reciprocal FLT3/ETV6 transcripts were detected in the patient mRNA by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. At the protein level, however, only ETV6/FLT3 products were expressed. Among them, one retains the helix-loop-helix (HLH) oligomerization domain of ETV6 and the JM as well as TK domain of FLT3. FLT3 receptor in leukemic cells might be inappropriately activated through dimerization by HLH domain of ETV6, which consequently interfered with proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Vu
- Department of Pathology, Division of Ultrafine Structure, Research Institute of International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
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Kang BH, Bhang H, Kim EH, Kim JH, Kim MJ, Yim HJ, Ajimura S, Miyake Y, Aoki K, Nagae T, Noumi H, Outa H, Saha PK, Sato Y, Sekimoto M, Toyoda A, Banu A, Fukuda T, Hashimoto O, Kameoka S, Miura Y, Nakamura SN, Okayasu Y, Takahashi T, Tamura H, Tsukada K, Watanabe T, Hwang JI, Maruta T, Nakamura M, Okada S, Park H, Tanida K. Exclusive measurement of the nonmesonic weak decay of the lambda(5)He hypernucleus. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:062301. [PMID: 16605985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.062301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We performed a coincidence measurement of two nucleons emitted from the nonmesonic weak decay of lambda(5)He formed via the 6Li(pi+, K+) reaction. The energies of the two nucleons and the pair number distributions in the opening angle between them were measured. In both np and nn pairs, we observed a clean back-to-back correlation coming from the two-body weak reactions of lambda p --> np and lambda n --> nn, respectively. The ratio of the nucleon pair numbers was N(nn)/N(np) = 0.45 +/- 0.11(stat) +/- 0.03(syst) in the kinematic region of cos theta(NN) < -0.8. Since each decay mode was exclusively detected, the measured ratio should be close to the ratio of gamma(lambda p --> np)/gamma(lambda n --> nn). The ratio is consistent with recent theoretical calculations based on the heavy meson and/or direct-quark exchange picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Kang
- Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Ozaki H, Ishikawa CT, Ishii T, Toyoda A, Murano T, Miyashita Y, Shirai K. Clearance rates of cerivastatin metabolites in a patient with cerivastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis. J Clin Pharm Ther 2005; 30:189-92. [PMID: 15811174 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2005.00633_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report on a patient who developed acute rhabdomyolysis after taking cerivastatin. A 74-year-old hypercholestrerolaemic woman taking cerivastatin (0.15 mg/day) for 22 days complained of general muscle weakness and muscle pain. Her serum creatinine phosphokinase level was 19,190 IU/L. Serum myoglobin was over 3000 ng/mL. Serum concentration of cerivastatin at 6 h after taking the last dose (0.15 mg) was 8062.5 ng/L, which was almost 5.7 times higher than that of normal persons. The serum concentration of cerivastatin showed that the half-life of cerivastatin in this patient was 22.4 h, compared with 2.4 h for normal controls. Cerivastatin is catabolized by cytochrome P450, 3A4 and 2C8 to M-1, and by 2C8 to M-23. The ratio of M-23 to M-1 in her serum was much lower than that of control persons (0.64 vs. 2.08). She had previously taken simvastatin which is metabolized by CYP3A4, without any sign and symptoms of rhabdomyolysis. These results suggest that the slowed clearance of cerivastatin in this patient might have been compounded by cytochrome P450, 2C8 dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ozaki
- Internal Medicine, Sakura Hospital, School of Medicine, Toho University, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hokama
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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42
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Agnello M, Beer G, Benussi L, Bertani M, Bianco S, Botta E, Bressani T, Busso L, Calvo D, Camerini P, Cerello P, Dalena B, De Mori F, D'Erasmo G, Di Santo D, Fabbri FL, Faso D, Feliciello A, Filippi A, Filippini V, Fiore EM, Fujioka H, Gianotti P, Grion N, Lucherini V, Marcello S, Maruta T, Mirfakhrai N, Morra O, Nagae T, Olin A, Outa H, Pace E, Palomba M, Pantaleo A, Panzarasa A, Paticchio V, Piano S, Pompili F, Rui R, Simonetti G, So H, Tomassini S, Toyoda A, Wheadon R, Zenoni A. Evidence for a kaon-bound state K(-)pp produced in K(-) absorption reactions at rest. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:212303. [PMID: 16090313 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.212303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We have searched for a deeply bound kaonic state by using the FINUDA spectrometer installed at the e(+)e(-) collider DAPhiNE. Almost monochromatic K(-)'s produced through the decay of phi(1020) mesons are used to observe K(-) absorption reactions stopped on very thin nuclear targets. Taking this unique advantage, we have succeeded to detect a kaon-bound state K(-)pp through its two-body decay into a Lambda hyperon and a proton. The binding energy and the decay width are determined from the invariant-mass distribution as 115(+6)(-5)(stat)(+3)(-4)(syst) MeV and 67(+14)(-11)(stat)(+2)(-3)(syst) MeV, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Agnello
- Dipartimento di Fisica del Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy and INFN Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
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Saha PK, Fukuda T, Imoto W, Ahn JK, Ajimura S, Aoki K, Bhang HC, Fujioka H, Hotchi H, Hwang JI, Itabashi T, Kang BH, Kim HD, Kim MJ, Kishimoto T, Krutenkova A, Maruta T, Miura Y, Miwa K, Nagae T, Noumi H, Outa H, Ohtaki T, Sakaguchi A, Sato Y, Sekimoto M, Shimizu Y, Tamura H, Tanida K, Toyoda A, Ukai M, Yim HJ. Production of the neutron-rich hypernucleus 10LambdaLi in the (pi-,K+) double charge-exchange reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:052502. [PMID: 15783631 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.052502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In order to produce a neutron-rich Lambda hypernucleus for the first time, we carried out an experiment by utilizing the (pi-,K+) double charge-exchange reaction on a 10B target. We observed the production of a 10LambdaLi hypernucleus. The cross section for the Lambda bound region was found to be 11.3+/-1.9 nb/sr with the 1.2 GeV/c incident momentum, which is compared with the 10LambdaB hypernucleus production cross section, 7.8+/-0.3 microb/sr, in the (pi+,K+) reaction with a 1.05 GeV/c incident momentum beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Saha
- Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
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Matsumura H, Masumoto K, Nakao N, Wang Q, Toyoda A, Kawai M, Aze T, Fujimura M. Characteristics of high-energy neutrons estimated using the radioactive spallation products of Au at the 500-MeV neutron irradiation facility of KENS. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2005; 116:1-5. [PMID: 16604584 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We carried out a shielding experiment of high-energy neutrons, generated from a tungsten target bombarded with primary 500-MeV protons at KENS, which penetrated through a concrete shield in the zero-degree direction. We propose a new method to evaluate the spectra of high-energy neutrons ranging from 8 to 500 MeV. Au foils were set in a concrete shield, and the reaction rates for 13 radionuclides produced by the spallation reactions on the Au targets were measured by radiochemical techniques. The experimental results were compared with those obtained by the MARS14 Monte-Carlo code. A good agreement (between them) was found for energies beyond 100 MeV. The profile of the neutron spectrum, ranging from 8 to 500 MeV, does not depend on the thickness of the concrete shield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Matsumura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.
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Nakao N, Yashima H, Kawai M, Oishi K, Nakashima H, Masumoto K, Matsumura H, Sasaki S, Numajiri M, Sanami T, Wang Q, Toyoda A, Takahashi K, Iijima K, Eda K, Ban S, Hirayama H, Muto S, Nunomiya T, Yonai S, Rasolonjatovo DRH, Terunuma K, Yamauchi K, Sarkar PK, Kim E, Nakamura T, Maruhashi A. Arrangement of high-energy neutron irradiation field and shielding experiment using 4 m concrete at KENS. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2005; 116:553-7. [PMID: 16604697 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
An irradiation field of high-energy neutrons produced in the forward direction from a thick tungsten target bombarded by 500 MeV protons was arranged at the KENS spallation neutron source facility. In this facility, shielding experiment was performed with an ordinary concrete shield of 4 m thickness assembled in the irradiation room, 2.5 m downstream from the target centre. Activation detectors of bismuth, aluminium, indium and gold were inserted into eight slots inside the shield and attenuations of neutron reaction rates were obtained by measurements of gamma-rays from the activation detectors. A MARS14 Monte Carlo simulation was also performed down to thermal energy, and comparisons between the calculations and measurements show agreements within a factor of 3. This neutron field is useful for studies of shielding, activation and radiation damage of materials for high-energy neutrons, and experimental data are useful to check the accuracies of the transmission and activation calculation codes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nakao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan.
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Sakaki Y, Watanabe H, Taylor T, Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Itoh T, Saitou N, Oota S, Kim CG, Kitano T, Lehrach H, Yaspo ML, Sudbrak R, Kahla A, Reinhardt R, Kube M, Platzer M, Taenzer S, Galgoczy P, Kel A, Blöecker H, Scharfe M, Nordsiek G, Hellmann I, Khaitovich P, Pääbo S, Chen Z, Wang SY, Ren SX, Zhang XL, Zheng HJ, Zhu GF, Wang BF, Zhao GP, Tsai SF, Wu K, Liu TT, Hsiao KJ, Park HS, Lee YS, Cheong JE, Choi SH. Human versus chimpanzee chromosome-wide sequence comparison and its evolutionary implication. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2004; 68:455-60. [PMID: 15338648 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2003.68.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sakaki
- RIKEN, Genomic Sciences Center, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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Watanabe H, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Taylor TD, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Noguchi H, BenKahla A, Lehrach H, Sudbrak R, Kube M, Taenzer S, Galgoczy P, Platzer M, Scharfe M, Nordsiek G, Blöcker H, Hellmann I, Khaitovich P, Pääbo S, Reinhardt R, Zheng HJ, Zhang XL, Zhu GF, Wang BF, Fu G, Ren SX, Zhao GP, Chen Z, Lee YS, Cheong JE, Choi SH, Wu KM, Liu TT, Hsiao KJ, Tsai SF, Kim CG, OOta S, Kitano T, Kohara Y, Saitou N, Park HS, Wang SY, Yaspo ML, Sakaki Y. DNA sequence and comparative analysis of chimpanzee chromosome 22. Nature 2004; 429:382-8. [PMID: 15164055 DOI: 10.1038/nature02564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2004] [Accepted: 04/14/2004] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Human-chimpanzee comparative genome research is essential for narrowing down genetic changes involved in the acquisition of unique human features, such as highly developed cognitive functions, bipedalism or the use of complex language. Here, we report the high-quality DNA sequence of 33.3 megabases of chimpanzee chromosome 22. By comparing the whole sequence with the human counterpart, chromosome 21, we found that 1.44% of the chromosome consists of single-base substitutions in addition to nearly 68,000 insertions or deletions. These differences are sufficient to generate changes in most of the proteins. Indeed, 83% of the 231 coding sequences, including functionally important genes, show differences at the amino acid sequence level. Furthermore, we demonstrate different expansion of particular subfamilies of retrotransposons between the lineages, suggesting different impacts of retrotranspositions on human and chimpanzee evolution. The genomic changes after speciation and their biological consequences seem more complex than originally hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Watanabe
- RIKEN, Genomic Sciences Center, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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Sano N, Fujikawa J, Yamamoto D, Kanki T, Toyoda A. A Kinetic Model of Degradation of Phenol in Water by Direct Contact of Gas Nonpulsed Corona Discharge. Chem Eng Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.200401804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ichikawa Y, Goto J, Hattori M, Toyoda A, Ishii K, Jeong SY, Hashida H, Masuda N, Ogata K, Kasai F, Hirai M, Maciel P, Rouleau GA, Sakaki Y, Kanazawa I. The genomic structure and expression of MJD, the Machado-Joseph disease gene. J Hum Genet 2002; 46:413-22. [PMID: 11450850 DOI: 10.1007/s100380170060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that is clinically characterized by cerebellar ataxia and various associated symptoms. The disease is caused by an unstable expansion of the CAG repeat in the MJD gene. This gene is mapped to chromosome 14q32.1. To determine its genomic structure, we constructed a contig composed of six cosmid clones and eight bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. It spans approximately 300kb and includes MJD. We also determined the complete sequence (175,330bp) of B445M7, a human BAC clone that contains MJD. The MJD gene was found to span 48,240bp and to contain 11 exons. Northern blot analysis showed that MJD mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues, and in at least four different sizes; namely, 1.4, 1.8, 4.5, and 7.5kb. These different mRNA species probably result from differential splicing and polyadenylation, as shown by sequences of the 21 independent cDNA clones isolated after the screening of four human cDNA libraries prepared from whole brain, caudate, retina, and testis. The sequences of these latter clones relative to the MJD gene in B445M7 indicate that there are three alternative splicing sites and eight polyadenylation signals in MJD that are used to generate the differently sized transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ichikawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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