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Miyahara A, Umeki A, Sato K, Nomura T, Yamamoto H, Miyasaka T, Tanno D, Matsumoto I, Zong T, Kagesawa T, Oniyama A, Kawamura K, Yuan X, Yokoyama R, Kitai Y, Kanno E, Tanno H, Hara H, Yamasaki S, Saijo S, Iwakura Y, Ishii K, Kawakami K. Innate phase production of IFN-γ by memory and effector T cells expressing early activation marker CD69 during infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans in the lungs. Infect Immun 2024:e0002424. [PMID: 38700335 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00024-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus deneoformans is a yeast-type fungus that causes fatal meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients and evades phagocytic cell elimination through an escape mechanism. Memory T (Tm) cells play a central role in preventing the reactivation of this fungal pathogen. Among these cells, tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells quickly respond to locally invaded pathogens. This study analyzes the kinetics of effector T (Teff) cells and Tm cells in the lungs after cryptococcal infection. Emphasis is placed on the kinetics and cytokine expression of TRM cells in the early phase of infection. CD4+ Tm cells exhibited a rapid increase by day 3, peaked at day 7, and then either maintained their levels or exhibited a slight decrease until day 56. In contrast, CD8+ Tm cells reached their peak on day 3 and thereafter decreased up to day 56 post-infection. These Tm cells were predominantly composed of CD69+ TRM cells and CD69+ CD103+ TRM cells. Disruption of the CARD9 gene resulted in reduced accumulation of these TRM cells and diminished interferon (IFN) -γ expression in TRM cells. TRM cells were derived from T cells with T cell receptors non-specific to ovalbumin in OT-II mice during cryptococcal infection. In addition, TRM cells exhibited varied behavior in different tissues. These results underscore the importance of T cells, which produce IFN-γ in the lungs during the early stage of infection, in providing early protection against cryptococcal infection through CARD9 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aya Umeki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nomura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tong Zong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kagesawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akiho Oniyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Xiaoliang Yuan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Saijo
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Sato K, Matsumoto I, Suzuki K, Tamura A, Shiraishi A, Kiyonari H, Kasamatsu J, Yamamoto H, Miyasaka T, Tanno D, Miyahara A, Zong T, Kagesawa T, Oniyama A, Kawamura K, Kitai Y, Umeki A, Kanno E, Tanno H, Ishii K, Tsukita S, Kawakami K. Deficiency of lung-specific claudin-18 leads to aggravated infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans through dysregulation of the microenvironment in lungs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21110. [PMID: 34702961 PMCID: PMC8548597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus deneoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that infects the lungs via airborne transmission and frequently causes fatal meningoencephalitis. Claudins (Cldns), a family of proteins with 27 members found in mammals, form the tight junctions within epithelial cell sheets. Cldn-4 and 18 are highly expressed in airway tissues, yet the roles of these claudins in respiratory infections have not been clarified. In the present study, we analyzed the roles of Cldn-4 and lung-specific Cldn-18 (luCldn-18) in host defense against C. deneoformans infection. luCldn-18-deficient mice exhibited increased susceptibility to pulmonary infection, while Cldn-4-deficient mice had normal fungal clearance. In luCldn-18-deficient mice, production of cytokines including IFN-γ was significantly decreased compared to wild-type mice, although infiltration of inflammatory cells including CD4+ T cells into the alveolar space was significantly increased. In addition, luCldn-18 deficiency led to high K+ ion concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and also to alveolus acidification. The fungal replication was significantly enhanced both in acidic culture conditions and in the alveolar spaces of luCldn-18-deficient mice, compared with physiological pH conditions and those of wild-type mice, respectively. These results suggest that luCldn-18 may affect the clinical course of cryptococcal infection indirectly through dysregulation of the alveolar space microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sato
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. .,Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Ikumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koya Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biological Science and Laboratory of Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Laboratory of Biological Science and Laboratory of Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aki Shiraishi
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Institute of Research Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Anna Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tong Zong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kagesawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akiho Oniyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aya Umeki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Tsukita
- Laboratory of Biological Science and Laboratory of Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Sato K, Yamamoto H, Nomura T, Kasamatsu J, Miyasaka T, Tanno D, Matsumoto I, Kagesawa T, Miyahara A, Zong T, Oniyama A, Kawamura K, Yokoyama R, Kitai Y, Ishizuka S, Kanno E, Tanno H, Suda H, Morita M, Yamamoto M, Iwakura Y, Ishii K, Kawakami K. Production of IL-17A at Innate Immune Phase Leads to Decreased Th1 Immune Response and Attenuated Host Defense against Infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans. J Immunol 2020; 205:686-698. [PMID: 32561568 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
IL-17A is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by many types of innate immune cells and Th17 cells and is involved in the elimination of extracellularly growing microorganisms, yet the role of this cytokine in the host defense against intracellularly growing microorganisms is not well known. Cryptococcus deneoformans is an opportunistic intracellular growth fungal pathogen that frequently causes fatal meningoencephalitis in patients with impaired immune responses. In the current study, we analyzed the role of IL-17A in the host defense against C. deneoformans infection. IL-17A was quickly produced by γδT cells at an innate immune phase in infected lungs. In IL-17A gene-disrupted mice, clearance of this fungal pathogen and the host immune response mediated by Th1 cells were significantly accelerated in infected lungs compared with wild-type mice. Similarly, killing of this fungus and production of inducible NO synthase and TNF-α were significantly enhanced in IL-17A gene-disrupted mice. In addition, elimination of this fungal pathogen, Th1 response, and expression of IL-12Rβ2 and IFN-γ in NK and NKT cells were significantly suppressed by treatment with rIL-17A. The production of IL-12p40 and TNF-α from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells stimulated with C. deneoformans was significantly suppressed by rIL-17A. In addition, rIL-17A attenuated Th1 cell differentiation in splenocytes from transgenic mice highly expressing TCR for mannoprotein 98, a cryptococcal Ag, upon stimulation with recombinant mannoprotein 98. These data suggest that IL-17A may be involved in the negative regulation of the local host defense against C. deneoformans infection through suppression of the Th1 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sato
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nomura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-0905, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ikumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kagesawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Anna Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tong Zong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akiho Oniyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shigenari Ishizuka
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiromi Suda
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Masanobu Morita
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
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