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Menzorov AG. Pluripotent Stem Cells of Order Carnivora: Technical Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043905. [PMID: 36835318 PMCID: PMC9963171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human and mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are widely used for studying early embryonic development and for modeling of human diseases. Derivation and studying of PSCs from model organisms beyond commonly used mice and rats may provide new insights into the modeling and treating human diseases. The order Carnivora representatives possess unique features and are already used for modeling human-related traits. This review focuses on the technical aspects of derivation of the Carnivora species PSCs as well as their characterization. Current data on dog, feline, ferret, and American mink PSCs are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei G. Menzorov
- Sector of Cell Collections, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
- Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Beklemisheva VR, Belokopytova PS, Fishman VS, Menzorov AG. Derivation of Ringed Seal ( Phoca hispida) Induced Multipotent Stem Cells. Cell Reprogram 2021; 23:326-335. [PMID: 34788122 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2021.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been produced just for a few species among order Carnivora: snow leopard, Bengal tiger, serval, jaguar, cat, dog, ferret, and American mink. We applied the iPS cell derivation protocol to the ringed seal (Phoca hispida) fibroblasts. The resulting cell line had the expression of pluripotency marker gene Rex1. Differentiation in embryoid body-like structures allowed us to register expression of AFP, endoderm marker, and Cdx2, trophectoderm marker, but not neuronal (ectoderm) markers. The cells readily differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes, mesoderm cell types of origin. Transcriptome analysis allowed us to conclude that the cell line does not resemble human pluripotent cells, and, therefore, most probably is not pluripotent. Thus, we produced ringed seal multipotent stem cell line capable of differentiation into adipocytes and osteocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta R Beklemisheva
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Polina S Belokopytova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Veniamin S Fishman
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Aleksei G Menzorov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Nikitina TV, Kashevarova AA, Gridina MM, Lopatkina ME, Khabarova AA, Yakovleva YS, Menzorov AG, Minina YA, Pristyazhnyuk IE, Vasilyev SA, Fedotov DA, Serov OL, Lebedev IN. Complex biology of constitutional ring chromosomes structure and (in)stability revealed by somatic cell reprogramming. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4325. [PMID: 33619287 PMCID: PMC7900208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human ring chromosomes are often unstable during mitosis, and daughter cells can be partially or completely aneuploid. We studied the mitotic stability of four ring chromosomes, 8, 13, 18, and 22, in long-term cultures of skin fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by GTG karyotyping and aCGH. Ring chromosome loss and secondary aberrations were observed in all fibroblast cultures except for r(18). We found monosomy, fragmentation, and translocation of indexed chromosomes. In iPSCs, aCGH revealed striking differences in mitotic stability both between iPSC lines with different rings and, in some cases, between cell lines with the same ring chromosome. We registered the spontaneous rescue of karyotype 46,XY,r(8) to 46,XY in all six iPSC lines through ring chromosome loss and intact homologue duplication with isoUPD(8)pat occurrence, as proven by SNP genotype distribution analysis. In iPSCs with other ring chromosomes, karyotype correction was not observed. Our results suggest that spontaneous correction of the karyotype with ring chromosomes in iPSCs is not universal and that pluripotency is compatible with a wide range of derivative karyotypes. We conclude that marked variability in the frequency of secondary rearrangements exists in both fibroblast and iPSC cultures, expanding the clinical significance of the constitutional ring chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Nikitina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Ushaika Street 10, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.
| | - A A Kashevarova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Ushaika Street 10, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - M M Gridina
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - M E Lopatkina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Ushaika Street 10, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - A A Khabarova
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Yu S Yakovleva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Ushaika Street 10, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.,Department of Medical Genetics, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - A G Menzorov
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Yu A Minina
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - I E Pristyazhnyuk
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - S A Vasilyev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Ushaika Street 10, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - D A Fedotov
- Department of Medical Genetics, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - O L Serov
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - I N Lebedev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Ushaika Street 10, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.,Department of Medical Genetics, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
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Shnaider TA, Pristyazhnyuk IE, Menzorov AG, Matveeva NM, Nikitina TV, Khabarova AA, Skryabin NA, Kashevarova AA, Lopatkina ME, Nazarenko LP, Lebedev IN, Serov OL. Generation of four iPSC lines from two siblings with a microdeletion at the CNTN6 gene and intellectual disability. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101591. [PMID: 31678775 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines, ICGi009-A, ICGi009-B, ICGi013-A and ICGi013-B, were generated from skin fibroblasts of two siblings with intellectual disability. Both patients were carriers of CNTN6 gene microdeletion (Kashevarova et al., 2014). iPSC lines have normal karyotype, express pluripotency markers, are able to differentiate in vitro into derivatives of all three germ layers and represent a unique tool to study neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Shnaider
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | | | - A G Menzorov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N M Matveeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T V Nikitina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - A A Khabarova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N A Skryabin
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - A A Kashevarova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M E Lopatkina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - L P Nazarenko
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - I N Lebedev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - O L Serov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Menzorov AG, Orishchenko KE, Fishman VS, Shevtsova AA, Mungalov RV, Pristyazhnyuk IE, Kizilova EA, Matveeva NM, Alenina N, Bader M, Rubtsov NB, Serov OL. Targeted genomic integration of EGFP under tubulin beta 3 class III promoter and mEos2 under tryptophan hydroxylase 2 promoter does not produce sufficient levels of reporter gene expression. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:17208-17218. [PMID: 31106442 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal tracing is a modern technology that is based on the expression of fluorescent proteins under the control of cell type-specific promoters. However, random genomic integration of the reporter construct often leads to incorrect spatial and temporal expression of the marker protein. Targeted integration (or knock-in) of the reporter coding sequence is supposed to provide better expression control by exploiting endogenous regulatory elements. Here we describe the generation of two fluorescent reporter systems: enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under pan-neural marker class III β-tubulin (Tubb3) promoter and mEos2 under serotonergic neuron-specific tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) promoter. Differentiation of Tubb3-EGFP embryonic stem (ES) cells into neurons revealed that though Tubb3-positive cells express EGFP, its expression level is not sufficient for the neuronal tracing by routine fluorescent microscopy. Similarly, the expression levels of mEos2-TPH2 in differentiated ES cells was very low and could be detected only on messenger RNA level using polymerase chain reaction-based methods. Our data shows that the use of endogenous regulatory elements to control transgene expression is not always beneficial compared with the random genomic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei G Menzorov
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin E Orishchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Technologies of the Institute for Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia.,Cell Biology Department, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Veniamin S Fishman
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia A Shevtsova
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Roman V Mungalov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Inna E Pristyazhnyuk
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena A Kizilova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Cell Biology Department, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia M Matveeva
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai B Rubtsov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Cell Biology Department, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg L Serov
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Development, Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Nikitina TV, Menzorov AG, Kashevarova AA, Gridina MM, Khabarova AA, Yakovleva YS, Lopatkina ME, Pristyazhnyuk IE, Vasilyev SA, Serov OL, Lebedev IN. Induced pluripotent stem cell line, IMGTi003-A, derived from skin fibroblasts of an intellectually disabled patient with ring chromosome 13. Stem Cell Res 2018; 33:260-264. [PMID: 30500678 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin fibroblasts from a patient with neurodevelopmental and speech delay, anxiety disorder, macrocephaly, microorchidism, multiple anomalies of internal organs and ring chromosome 13 were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate a clonal stem cell line IMGTi003-A (iTAF6-6). IMGTi003-A pluripotency was demonstrated by three germ layer differentiation capacity in vitro, and this cell line had a mosaic karyotype with 46,XY,r(13) as a predominant cell subpopulation. IMGTi003-A line is a good model for studying of the mitotic instability of the ring chromosome 13.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Nikitina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - A G Menzorov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Kashevarova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M M Gridina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Khabarova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yu S Yakovleva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M E Lopatkina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - S A Vasilyev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia
| | - O L Serov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - I N Lebedev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk NRMC, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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Suldina LA, Morozova KN, Menzorov AG, Kizilova EA, Kiseleva E. Mitochondria structural reorganization during mouse embryonic stem cell derivation. Protoplasma 2018; 255:1373-1386. [PMID: 29549502 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are widely used in developmental biology and transgenic research. Despite numerous studies, ultrastructural reorganization of inner cell mass (ICM) cells during in vitro culture has not yet been described in detail. Here, we for the first time performed comparative morphological and morphometric analyses of three ES cell lines during their derivation in vitro. We compared morphological characteristics of blastocyst ICM cells at 3.5 and 4.5 days post coitum on feeder cells (day 6, passage 0) with those of ES cells at different passages (day 19, passage 2; day 25, passage 4; and passage 15). At passage 0, there were 23-36% of ES-like cells with various values of the medium cross-sectional area and nucleocytoplasmic parameters, 55% of fibroblast-like (probably trophoblast derivatives), and ~ 19% of dying cells. ES-like cells at passage 0 contained autolysosomes and enlarged mitochondria with reduced numerical density per cell. There were three types of mitochondria that differed in matrix density and cristae width. For the first time, we revealed cells that had two and sometimes three morphologically distinct mitochondria types in the cytoplasm. At passage 2, there were mostly ES cells with a high nucleocytoplasmic ratio and a cytoplasm depleted of organelles. At passage 4, ES cell morphology and morphometric parameters were mostly stable with little heterogeneity. According to our data, cellular structures of ICM cells undergo destabilization during derivation of an ES cell line with subsequent reorganization into the structures typical for ES cells. On the basis of ultrastructural analysis of mitochondria, we believe that the functional activity of these organelles changes during early stages of ES cell formation from the ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyubov A Suldina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 10, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Ksenia N Morozova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 10, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Aleksei G Menzorov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 10, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Elena A Kizilova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 10, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev ave., 10, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
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Abstract
Ring chromosomes (RCs) are circular DNA molecules, which occur rarely in eukaryotic nuclear genomes. Lilian Vaughan Morgan first described them in the fruit fly. Human embryos very seldom have RCs, about 1:50,000. Carriers of RCs may have varying degrees of symptoms, from healthy phenotype to serious pathologies in physical and intellectual development. Many authors describe common symptoms of RC presence: short stature and some developmental delay that could be described as a "ring chromosome syndrome." As a rule, RCs arise de novo through the end-joining of two DNA double-strand breaks, telomere-subtelomere junction, or inv dup del rearrangement in both meiosis and mitosis. There are family cases of RC inheritance. The presence of RCs causes numerous secondary chromosome rearrangements in vivo and in vitro. RCs can change their size, become lost, or increase their copy number and cause additional deletions, duplication, and translocations, affecting both RCs and other chromosomes. In this review, we examine RC inheritance, instability, mechanisms of formation, and potential clinical applications of artificially created RCs for large-scale chromosome rearrangement treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna E Pristyazhnyuk
- Sector of Genomic Mechanisms of Ontogenesis, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
| | - Aleksei G Menzorov
- Sector of Cell Collections, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia, 634050
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Gridina MM, Matveeva NM, Fishman VS, Menzorov AG, Kizilova HA, Beregovoy NA, Kovrigin II, Pristyazhnyuk IE, Oscorbin IP, Filipenko ML, Kashevarova AA, Skryabin NA, Nikitina TV, Sazhenova EA, Nazarenko LP, Lebedev IN, Serov OL. Allele-Specific Biased Expression of the CNTN6 Gene in iPS Cell-Derived Neurons from a Patient with Intellectual Disability and 3p26.3 Microduplication Involving the CNTN6 Gene. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:6533-6546. [PMID: 29327201 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) of the human CNTN6 gene caused by megabase-scale microdeletions or microduplications in the 3p26.3 region are often the cause of neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability and developmental delay. Surprisingly, patients with different copy numbers of this gene display notable overlapping of neuropsychiatric symptoms. The complexity of the study of human neuropathologies is associated with the inaccessibility of brain material. This problem can be overcome through the use of reprogramming technologies that permit the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from fibroblasts and their subsequent in vitro differentiation into neurons. We obtained a set of iPS cell lines derived from a patient carrier of the CNTN6 gene duplication and from two healthy donors. All iPS cell lines displayed the characteristics of pluripotent cells. Some iPS cell lines derived from the patient and from healthy donors were differentiated in vitro by exogenous expression of the Ngn2 transcription factor or by spontaneous neural differentiation of iPS cells through the neural rosette stage. The obtained neurons showed the characteristics of mature neurons as judged by the presence of neuronal markers and by their electrophysiological characteristics. Analysis of allele-specific expression of the CNTN6 gene in these neuronal cells by droplet digital PCR demonstrated that the level of expression of the duplicated allele was significantly reduced compared to that of the wild-type allele. Importantly, according to the sequencing data, both copies of the CNTN6 gene, which were approximately 1 Mb in size, showed no any additional structural rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Gridina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | | | - Veniamin S Fishman
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Aleksei G Menzorov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Helen A Kizilova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Igor P Oscorbin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Maxim L Filipenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Anna A Kashevarova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Skryabin
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Nikitina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Elena A Sazhenova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Ludmila P Nazarenko
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.,Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Igor N Lebedev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.,Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Oleg L Serov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia. .,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Menzorov AG, Matveeva NM, Markakis MN, Fishman VS, Christensen K, Khabarova AA, Pristyazhnyuk IE, Kizilova EA, Cirera S, Anistoroaei R, Serov OL. Comparison of American mink embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem cell transcriptomes. BMC Genomics 2015; 16 Suppl 13:S6. [PMID: 26694224 PMCID: PMC4686781 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-16-s13-s6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently fibroblasts of many mammalian species have been reprogrammed to pluripotent state using overexpression of several transcription factors. This technology allows production of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells with properties similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells. The completeness of reprogramming process is well studied in such species as mouse and human but there is not enough data on other species. We produced American mink (Neovison vison) ES and iPS cells and compared these cells using transcriptome analysis. Results We report the generation of 10 mink ES and 22 iPS cell lines. The majority of the analyzed cell lines had normal diploid chromosome number. The only ES cell line with XX chromosome set had both X-chromosomes in active state that is characteristic of pluripotent cells. The pluripotency of ES and iPS cell lines was confirmed by formation of teratomas with cell types representing all three germ layers. Transcriptome analysis of mink embryonic fibroblasts (EF), two ES and two iPS cell lines allowed us to identify 11831 assembled contigs which were annotated. These led to a number of 6891 unique genes. Of these 3201 were differentially expressed between mink EF and ES cells. We analyzed expression levels of these genes in iPS cell lines. This allowed us to show that 80% of genes were correctly reprogrammed in iPS cells, whereas approximately 6% had an intermediate expression pattern, about 7% were not reprogrammed and about 5% had a "novel" expression pattern. We observed expression of pluripotency marker genes such as Oct4, Sox2 and Rex1 in ES and iPS cell lines with notable exception of Nanog. Conclusions We had produced and characterized American mink ES and iPS cells. These cells were pluripotent by a number of criteria and iPS cells exhibited effective reprogramming. Interestingly, we had showed lack of Nanog expression and consider it as a species-specific feature.
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Menzorov AG, Matveeva NM, Larkin DM, Zaykin DV, Serov OL. [Fate of parental mitochondria in embryonic stem hybrid cells]. Tsitologiia 2008; 50:711-718. [PMID: 18822791 PMCID: PMC2775045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
When hybrid cells are created, not only the nuclear genomes of parental cells unite but their cytoplasm as well. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a convenient marker of cytoplasm allowing one to gain insight into the organization of hybrid cell cytoplasm. We analyzed the parental mtDNAs in hybrid cells resulting from fusion of Mus musculus embryonic stem (ES) cells with splenocytes and fetal fibroblasts of DD/c mice or with splenocytes of M. caroli. Identification of the parental mtDNAs in hybrid cells was based on polymorphism among the parental mtDNAs for certain restrictases. We found that intra- and inter-specific ES cell-splenocyte hybrid cells lost entirely or partially mtDNA derived from the somatic partner, whereas ES cell-fibroblast hybrids retained mtDNAs from both parents in similar ratios with a slight bias. The lost of the “somatic” mitochondria by ES-splenocyte hybrids implies non-random segregation of the parental mitochondria as supported by a computer simulation of genetic drift. In contrast, ES cell-fibroblast hybrids show bilateral random segregation of the parental mitochondria judging from analysis of mtDNA in single cells. Preferential segregation of “somatic” mitochondria does not depend on the differences in sequences of the parental mtDNAs but depends on replicative state of the parental cells.
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Pristiazhniuk IE, Temirova SA, Menzorov AG, Kruglova AA, Matveeva NM, Serov OL. [Visible and "cryptic" segregation of parental chromosomes in embryonic stem hybrid cells]. Ontogenez 2005; 36:151-8. [PMID: 15859482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome segregation of the parental chromosomes was studied in 20 interspecific hybrid clones obtained by fusion of Mus musculus embryonic stem cells with Mus caroli splenocytes. FISH analysis with labeled species specific probes and microsatellite markers was used for identification of the parental chromosomes. Cytogenetic analysis has shown significant intra- and interclonal variability in chromosome numbers and ratios of the parental chromosomes in the hybrid cells: six clones contained all M. caroli chromosomes, nine clones showed moderate segregation of M. caroli chromosomes (from 1 to 7), and five clones showed extensive loss of M. caroli chromosomes (from 12 to complete loss of all M. caroli autosomes). Both methods demonstrated "cryptic" segregation of the somatic partner chromosomes. For instance, five clones with near-tetraploid chromosome sets contained only few M. caroli chromosomes (from 1 to 8). The data obtained suggest that the tetraploid chromosome set per se is not a sufficient criterion for conclusion on the absence of chromosome loss in the hybrid cells. Note that "cryptic" chromosome segregation occurred at a high frequency in the examined hybrid clones. Thus, "cryptic" segregation should be borne in mind for assessing pluripotency and genome reprogramming of embryonic stem hybrid cells.
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