1
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Hayouk E, Schechter A, Avrahami I. A novel micro-reactor for hydrogen production from solid NaBH 4 hydrolysis in a dual-cycle methodology. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25744. [PMID: 38404887 PMCID: PMC10884423 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen-based Fuel Cells (FCs) hold significant potential as energy conversion technologies. In a previous study, we presented a pump-based hydrogen generator (PHG) that utilizes a catalytic reaction between sodium borohydride (NaBH4) powder and water. The pump circulates the water solution through the powder chamber in a closed-loop reaction. The PHG demonstrated clear advantages over alternative hydrogen sources in terms of both safety and energy density. However, as operating time increases, the solution in the closed-loop PHG becomes saturated, causing the reaction rate to decline. This limitation can be overcome in cases where an external water source is available, such as marine vehicles, drones equipped with water recovery systems from their fuel cells, or systems located near pipelines. In such scenarios, introducing freshwater feeding and product emission offers intriguing possibilities for significantly enhancing the fuel's energy density and extending its effective operation time. Our current research introduces an innovative concept: a dual-cycle generator (DCG) that effectively overcomes the issue of solution saturation over time. It achieves this by combining solution circulation with freshwater feeding and product emission. Our study employed a DCG prototype to examine various operating modes and to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. The DCG achieved a calculated energy density for the fuel of 3868 Wh/kg, with 93% H2 extraction yield from the powder. Our findings reveal substantial improvements in terms of extended operation duration (81%), increased hydrogen flow rate (36%), enhanced energy density (33%), and improved H2 yield extraction from the powder (39%). This methodology holds promise for mobile applications or off-grid systems situated in proximity to a water source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Hayouk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - Idit Avrahami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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2
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Kumar A, Schechter A, Avrahami I. Dynamics Management of Intermediate Water Storage in an Air-Breathing Single-Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 14:4. [PMID: 38248694 PMCID: PMC10819503 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
In air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (Air PEM FCs), a high rate of water evaporation from the cathode might influence the resistance of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is highly dependent on the water content of the Nafion membrane. We propose a dead-end hydrogen anode as a means of intermediate storage of water/humidity for self-humidification of the membrane. Such an inflatable bag integrated with a single lightweight MEA FC has the potential in blimp applications for anode self-humidification. A dynamic numerical water balance model, validated by experimental measurements, is derived to predict the effect of MEA configuration, and the membrane's hydration state and water transfer rate at the anode on MEA resistance and performance. The experimental setup included humidity measurements, and polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests to quantify the effect of membrane hydration on its resistance in a lightweight MEA (12 g) integrated with an inflatable dead-end hydrogen storage bag. Varying current densities (5, 10, and 15 mA/cm2) and cathode humidity levels (20, 50, and 80%) were examined and compared with the numerical results. The validated model predicts that the hydration state of the membrane and water transfer rate at the anode can be increased by using a thin membrane and thicker gas diffusion layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Idit Avrahami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
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3
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Gebru M, Subramanian P, Bělský P, Yadav RS, Pitussi I, Sasi S, Medlín R, Minar J, Švec P, Kornweitz H, Schechter A. Chemical-Dealloying-Derived PtPdPb-Based Multimetallic Nanoparticles: Dimethyl Ether Electrocatalysis and Fuel Cell Application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15. [PMID: 38032342 PMCID: PMC10726307 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a novel multimetallic nanoparticle catalyst composed of Pt, Pd, and Pb and its electrochemical activity toward dimethyl ether (DME) oxidation in liquid electrolyte and polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Chemical dealloying of the catalyst with the lowest platinum-group metal (PGM) content, Pt2PdPb2/C, was conducted using HNO3 to tune the catalyst activity. Comprehensive characterization of the chemical-dealloying-derived catalyst nanoparticles unambiguously showed that the acid treatment removed 50% Pb from the nanoparticles with an insignificant effect on the PGM metals and led to the formation of smaller-sized nanoparticles. Electrochemical studies showed that Pb dissolution led to structural changes in the original catalysts. Chemical-dealloying-derived catalyst nanoparticles made of multiple phases (Pt, Pt3Pb, PtPb) provided one of the highest PGM-normalized power densities of 118 mW mgPGM-1 in a single direct DME fuel cell operated at low anode catalyst loading (1 mgPGM cm-2) at 70 °C. A possible DME oxidation pathway for these multimetallic catalysts was proposed based on an online mass spectrometry study and the analysis of the reaction products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palaniappan Subramanian
- Research
and Development Centre for Renewable Energy, New Technologies Research
Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni, 8/2732, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bělský
- Research
and Development Centre for Renewable Energy, New Technologies Research
Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni, 8/2732, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | - Itay Pitussi
- Department
of Chemical Science, Ariel University, 40700 Ariel, Israel
| | - Sarath Sasi
- Research
and Development Centre for Renewable Energy, New Technologies Research
Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni, 8/2732, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Medlín
- Research
and Development Centre for Renewable Energy, New Technologies Research
Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni, 8/2732, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Minar
- Research
and Development Centre for Renewable Energy, New Technologies Research
Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni, 8/2732, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Švec
- Institute
of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Haya Kornweitz
- Department
of Chemical Science, Ariel University, 40700 Ariel, Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department
of Chemical Science, Ariel University, 40700 Ariel, Israel
- Research
and Development Centre for Renewable Energy, New Technologies Research
Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni, 8/2732, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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4
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Hirsch LO, Dubrovin IA, Gandu B, Emanuel E, Kjellerup BV, Ugur GE, Schechter A, Cahan R. Anode amendment with kaolin and activated carbon increases electricity generation in a microbial fuel cell. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 153:108486. [PMID: 37302334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial anode is a key factor for microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance. This study examined the potential of kaolin (fine clay) to enhance bacteria and conductive particle attachment to the anode. The bio-electroactivity of MFCs based on a carbon-cloth anode modified by immobilization with kaolin, activated carbon, and Geobacter sulfurreducens (kaolin-AC), with only kaolin (kaolin), and a bare carbon-cloth (control) anodes were examined. When the MFCs were fed with wastewater, the MFCs based on the kaolin-AC, kaolin, and bare anodes produced a maximum voltage of 0.6 V, 0.4 V, and 0.25 V, respectively. The maximum power density obtained by the MFC based on the kaolin-AC anode was 1112 mW‧m-2 at a current density of 3.33 A‧m-2, 12% and 56% higher than the kaolin and the bare anodes, respectively. The highest Coulombic efficiency was obtained by the kaolin-AC anode (16%). The relative microbial diversity showed that Geobacter displayed the highest relative distribution of 64% in the biofilm of the kaolin-AC anode. This result proved the advantage of preserving the bacterial anode exoelectrogens using kaolin. To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating kaolin as a natural adhesive for immobilizing exoelectrogenic bacteria to anode material in MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Ouaknin Hirsch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | | | - Bharath Gandu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Efrat Emanuel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Birthe Veno Kjellerup
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, 1147 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Gizem Elif Ugur
- Imaging and Chemical Analysis Laboratory, Montana State University, Montana 59715, USA
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Rivka Cahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
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5
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Cleetus A, Teller H, Schechter A. CuCr Bimetallic Catalyst for Selective Electrooxidation of Ammonia at Room Temperature. ChemCatChem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202300035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Cleetus
- Ariel University Faculty of Natural Sciences Chemical Sciences Ariel Research Park 40700 Ariel ISRAEL
| | - Hanan Teller
- Ariel University Faculty of Natural Sciences Chemical Sciences Ariel Research Park 40700 Ariel ISRAEL
| | - Alex Schechter
- Ariel University Chemichal Sciences Ariel Research Park 40700 Ariel ISRAEL
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6
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Modak A, Velayudham P, Bendikov T, Mohan R, Schechter A. A trifunctional N-doped activated carbon-ceria-shell, derived from covalent porphyrin polymers for promoting Pt-activity in fuel cell's cathode performance. Catal Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy02034c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing an active, durable and cost-effective air cathode catalyst is critical for commercializing proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). CeO2 was reported as a scavenger of harmful peroxide by-products, yet...
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7
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Kaiprathu A, Velayudham P, Teller H, Schechter A. Mechanisms of electrochemical nitrogen gas reduction to ammonia under ambient conditions: a focused review. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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8
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Santhosh S, Teller H, Schechter A, Kalarikkal N. Effect of Mn Doped Ni−Co Mixed Oxide Catalysts on Urea Oxidation. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Santhosh
- International and Inter-University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686 560 Kerala India
| | - Hanan Teller
- Department of Chemical Sciences Ariel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences Ariel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- International and Inter-University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686 560 Kerala India
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686 560 Kerala India
- School of Pure and Applied Physics Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686 560 Kerala India
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9
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Modak A, Mohan R, Rajavelu K, Cahan R, Bendikov T, Schechter A. Metal-Organic Polymer-Derived Interconnected Fe-Ni Alloy by Carbon Nanotubes as an Advanced Design of Urea Oxidation Catalysts. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:8461-8473. [PMID: 33565313 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c22148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is considered as a promising renewable source for harvesting energy from waste. We report a new synthetic design approach to produce an iron-nickel alloy nanocatalyst from a metal-organic polymer (MOP) by a single-step carbonization process at 500 °C, thus forming a core-shell of iron-nickel-coated carbon (C@FeNi) nanostructures wired by embedded carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (CNT/C@FeNi). Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of metallic FeNi3 alloy nanoparticles (∼20 to 28 nm). Our experimental results showed that MOP containing CNTs acquired an interconnected hierarchical topology, which prevented the collapse of its microstructure during pyrolysis. Hence, CNT/C@FeNi shows higher porosity (10 times) than C@FeNi. The electrochemical UOR in alkaline electrolytes on these catalysts was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The result showed a higher anodic current (3.5 mA cm-2) for CNT/C@FeNi than for C@FeNi (1.1 mA cm-2) at 1.5 V/RHE. CNT/C@FeNi displayed good stability in chronoamperometry experiments and a lower Tafel slope (33 mV dec-1) than C@FeNi (41.1 mV dec-1). In this study, CNT/C@FeNi exhibits higher exchange current density (3.2 μA cm-2) than does C@FeNi (2 μA cm-2). The reaction rate orders of CNT/C@FeNi and C@FeNi at a kinetically controlled potential of 1.4 V/RHE were 0.5 and 0.9, respectively, higher than the 0.26 of β-Ni(OH)2, Ni/Ni(OH)2 electrodes. The electrochemical impedance result showed a lower charge-transfer resistance for CNT/C@FeNi (61 Ω·cm-2) than for C@FeNi (162 Ω·cm-2), due to faster oxidation kinetics associated with the CNT linkage. Moreover, CNT/C@FeNi exhibited a lower Tafel slope and resistance and higher heterogeneity (25.2 × 10-5 cm s-1), as well as relatively high faradic efficiency (68.4%) compared to C@FeNi (56%). Thus, the carbon-coated FeNi3 core connected by CNT facilitates lower charge-transfer resistance and reduces the UOR overpotential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Modak
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Roopathy Mohan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | | | - Rivka Cahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Tatyana Bendikov
- Chemical Research Support Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
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10
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Dutta A, Trolles-Cavalcante STY, Cleetus A, Marks V, Schechter A, Webster RD, Borenstein A. Surface modifications of carbon nanodots reveal the chemical source of their bright fluorescence. Nanoscale Adv 2021; 3:716-724. [PMID: 36133830 PMCID: PMC9417464 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00871k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) have drawn increasing attention in recent years. These cost-effective and eco-friendly nanomaterials with bright fluorescence have been investigated as promising materials for electrooptic and bioimaging applications. However, the chemical source stimulating their strong fluorescence has not been completely identified to date. Depending on the chemical composition, two absorption peaks are observed in the visible range. In this study, we applied selected chemical modifications to CNDs in order to elucidate the correlation between the chemical structure and optical behavior of CNDs. Varying the amount of acetic acid in the synthesis process resulted in different effects on the absorbance and fluorescence photo-spectra. Specifically, at a low concentration (10%), the fluorescence is dramatically red shifted from 340 to 405 nm. Comprehensive characterization of the chemical modification by FTIR and XPS allows identification of the role of acetic acid in the reaction mechanism leading to the modified photoactivity. The functional group responsible for the 405 nm peak was identified as HPPT. We describe a chemical mechanism involving acetic acid that leads to an increased concentration of HPPT groups on the surface of the CNDs. Applying two additional independent chemical and consequently optical modifications namely solution pH and annealing on the nanodots further supports our proposed explanation. Understanding the molecular origin of CND fluorescence may promote the design and control of effective CND fluorescence in optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University Ariel Israel
| | | | - Annie Cleetus
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University Ariel Israel
| | - Vered Marks
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University Ariel Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University Ariel Israel
| | - Richard D Webster
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore
| | - Arie Borenstein
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University Ariel Israel
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11
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Mohan R, Modak A, Subramanian P, Cahan R, Sivakumar P, Gedanken A, Schechter A. Electrochemical Oxidation of Glycine with Bimetallic Nickel−Manganese Oxide Catalysts. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopathy Mohan
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Arindam Modak
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | | | - Rivka Cahan
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - P. Sivakumar
- Department of Chemistry Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA)Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Department of Chemistry Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA)Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
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12
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Mohan R, Modak A, Schechter A. NH3-Plasma pre-treated carbon supported active iron–nitrogen catalyst for oxygen reduction in acid and alkaline electrolytes. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02545f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy in the synthesis of M–N–C type catalysts was introduced through the combination of plasma pre-treatment followed by conventional pyrolysis, which demonstrated higher ORR activity and stability than pristine M–N–C catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arindam Modak
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Ariel University
- Israel
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13
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Arulrajan AC, Subramanian P, Singh RK, Schechter A. Pd‐Decorated Tungsten as Pt‐Free Bimetallic Catalysts for Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolyte. Isr J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
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14
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Manjunatha R, Karajić A, Teller H, Nicoara K, Schechter A. Electrochemical and Chemical Instability of Vanadium Nitride in the Synthesis of Ammonia Directly from Nitrogen. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandar Karajić
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel Research Park Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Hanan Teller
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel Research Park Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Katherina Nicoara
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel Research Park Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel Research Park Ariel 40700 Israel
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15
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Eisen A, Schechter A, Itzhaki Ben Zadok O, Harari E, Shlomo N, Iakobishvili Z, Kornowski R, Zusman O. P3607Temporal trends in the characteristics, management, and clinical outcomes of patients with prior myocardial infarction who are admitted with an acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) are at increased risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. Advances in treatment in the last decade has improved prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), yet it is not known whether similar trends exist in patients with prior MI who are admitted with an ACS, a particularly high-risk group.
Methods
Patients admitted with ACS who were enrolled in the ACS Israeli Surveys (ACSIS). Patients were stratified by early (2000–2008) and late (2010–2016) time-periods and by prior MI status. Clinical outcomes included 30-d MACE (death, MI, stroke, unstable angina, stent thrombosis, urgent revascularization) and 1-year mortality.
Results
A total of 15,211 ACS patients were included, of whom 4627 (30%) had a prior MI. These patients were older (67y vs. 63y), more commonly male, had more prior comorbidities, and a higher proportion had a GRACE score>140 (38.4% vs 12.2%). Patients with prior MI received more prior medications such as aspirin, statins, antihypertensives and hypoglycemics. During time, utilization of guideline-recommended therapies such as P2Y12 inhibitors, statins, and PCI had significantly improved in patients with prior MI. However, compared with patients without prior MI, they were still treated less commonly by PCI (61% vs. 74%). Overall, patients with prior MI had a higher 30-d MACE (13.7% vs 17.2%, p<0.001) and 1-year mortality (8.2% vs. 13.1%, p<0.001). In patients with prior MI, during time, 30d MACE nearly halved (22.7% to 11.8%) and 1-year mortality also decreased (15.5% to 10.7%). Upon adjustment, prior MI was independently associated with 1-year mortality (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.26, p=0.04) and the late time-period was associated with reduced 1-year mortality (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.65–0.84, p<0.001).
Conclusion
Patients with prior MI have a worse prognosis after ACS despite being treated with prior medications and improvement in guideline-based therapies. Although still undertreated, their clinical outcome has significantly improved throughout the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Eisen
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - A Schechter
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - E Harari
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - N Shlomo
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Z Iakobishvili
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - R Kornowski
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - O Zusman
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
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16
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Kolagatla S, Subramanian P, Schechter A. Simultaneous Mapping of Oxygen Reduction Activity and Hydrogen Peroxide Generation on Electrocatalytic Surfaces. ChemSusChem 2019; 12:2708-2714. [PMID: 30972916 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical scanning probe microscopies have become valuable experimental tools, owing to their capability of capturing topographic features in addition to mapping the electrochemical activity of nanoscale oxygen reduction catalysts. However, most scanning probe techniques lack the ability to correlate topographic features with the electrochemical oxygen reduction and peroxide formation in real time. In this report, we show that it is indeed possible to construct high-resolution catalytic current maps at an electrified solid-liquid interface by placing a specially made Au-coated SiO2 Pt atomic force microscopy and scanning electrochemical microscopy (AFM-SECM) dual electrode tip approximately 4-8 nm above the reaction center. The catalytic current measured every 16 nm and high collection efficiency (≈90 %) of the reverse current of peroxide byproducts was also demonstrated with the help of the dual electrode tip. Simultaneous oxygen reduction and intermediate peroxide oxidation current mapping was demonstrated using this Au-coated SiO2 Pt probe on two model surfaces, namely highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and Pt nanoparticles (NPs) supported on a glassy carbon surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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17
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Kashyap D, Teller H, Schechter A. Cover Feature: Dimethyl Ether Oxidation on an Active SnO
2
/Pt/C Catalyst for High‐Power Fuel Cells (ChemElectroChem 9/2019). ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201900499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diwakar Kashyap
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Hanan Teller
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwakar Kashyap
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Hanan Teller
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical SciencesAriel University Ariel 40700 Israel
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Manjunatha R, Karajić A, Goldstein V, Schechter A. Electrochemical Ammonia Generation Directly from Nitrogen and Air Using an Iron-Oxide/Titania-Based Catalyst at Ambient Conditions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:7981-7989. [PMID: 30724064 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia was produced electrochemically from nitrogen/air in aqueous alkaline electrolytes by using a Fe2O3/TiO2 composite catalyst under room temperature and atmospheric pressure. At an applied potential of 0.023 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, the rate of ammonia formation was 1.25 × 10-8 mmol mg-1 s-1 at an overpotential of just 34 mV. This rate increased to 2.7 × 10-7 mmol mg-1 s-1 at -0.577 V. The chronoamperometric experiments on Fe2O3/TiO2/C clearly confirmed that Fe2O3 along with TiO2 shows superior nitrogen reduction reaction activity compared to Fe2O3 alone. Experimental parameters such as temperature and applied potential have a significant influence on the rate of ammonia formation. The activation energy of nitrogen reduction on the employed catalyst was found to be 25.8 kJ mol-1. Real-time direct electrochemical mass spectrometry analysis was used to monitor the composition of the evolved gases at different electrode potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandar Karajić
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Ariel University , Ariel Research Park , Ariel , Israel 40700
| | - Valentina Goldstein
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Ariel University , Ariel Research Park , Ariel , Israel 40700
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Ariel University , Ariel Research Park , Ariel , Israel 40700
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20
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Rozenfeld S, Teller H, Schechter M, Farber R, Krichevski O, Schechter A, Cahan R. Exfoliated molybdenum di-sulfide (MoS2) electrode for hydrogen production in microbial electrolysis cell. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 123:201-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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21
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22
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Datta A, Singh RK, Teller H, Rozenfeld S, Cahan R, Schechter A. Electrodeposited Ternary Fe-Mo-P as an Efficient Electrode Material for Bifunctional Water Splitting in Neutral pH. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-018-0476-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Manjunatha R, Schechter A. Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia using ruthenium–platinum alloy at ambient pressure and low temperature. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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24
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Kolagatla S, Subramanian P, Schechter A. Nanoscale mapping of catalytic hotspots on Fe, N-modified HOPG by scanning electrochemical microscopy-atomic force microscopy. Nanoscale 2018; 10:6962-6970. [PMID: 29610805 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00849c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The scanning electrochemical microscopy-atomic force microscopy (SECM-AFM) technique is used to map catalytic currents post Fe and N surface modification of graphitic carbon with an ultra-high resolution of 50 nm. The oxidation current of the partial reduction product, hydrogen peroxide, was also mapped in the same location in the graphitic carbon. The current mapping and ex situ spectroscopic evidence revealed that Fe-coordinated nitrogen sites formed both in the edge and basal planes of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) constitute the primary oxygen reduction catalytic sites in acid solutions of this important yet insufficiently understood class of catalysts.
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25
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Ariel University; Ariel- 40700 Israel
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26
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27
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Subramanian P, Mohan R, Schechter A. Unraveling the Oxygen-Reduction Sites in Graphitic-Carbon Co-N-C-Type Electrocatalysts Prepared by Single-Precursor Pyrolysis. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roopathy Mohan
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
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28
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Ariel University; 40700 Ariel Israel)-
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29
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Kolagatla S, Subramanian P, Schechter A. Insights on the Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopic Catalytic Oxygen Reduction on Tip Guided Platinum Particle Deposits. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Periyasamy S, Subramanian P, Levi E, Aurbach D, Gedanken A, Schechter A. Exceptionally Active and Stable Spinel Nickel Manganese Oxide Electrocatalysts for Urea Oxidation Reaction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:12176-85. [PMID: 27123873 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Spinel nickel manganese oxides, widely used materials in the lithium ion battery high voltage cathode, were studied in urea oxidation catalysis. NiMn2O4, Ni1.5Mn1.5O4, and MnNi2O4 were synthesized by a simple template-free hydrothermal route followed by a thermal treatment in air at 800 °C. Rietveld analysis performed on nonstoichiometric nickel manganese oxide-Ni1.5Mn1.5O4 revealed the presence of three mixed phases: two spinel phases with different lattice parameters and NiO unlike the other two spinels NiMn2O4 and MnNi2O4. The electroactivity of nickel manganese oxide materials toward the oxidation of urea in alkaline solution is evaluated using cyclic voltammetric measurements. Ni1.5Mn1.5O4 exhibits excellent redox characteristics and lower charge transfer resistances in comparison with other compositions of nickel manganese oxides and nickel oxide prepared under similar conditions.The Ni1.5Mn1.5O4modified electrode oxidizes urea at 0.29 V versus Ag/AgCl with a corresponding current density of 6.9 mA cm(-2). At a low catalyst loading of 50 μg cm(-2), the urea oxidation current density of Ni1.5Mn1.5O4 in alkaline solution is 7 times higher than that of nickel oxide and 4 times higher than that of NiMn2O4 and MnNi2O4, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Periyasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | | | - Elena Levi
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Doron Aurbach
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University , Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University , Ariel 40700, Israel
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31
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Grynyov R, Bormashenko E, Whyman G, Bormashenko Y, Musin A, Pogreb R, Starostin A, Valtsifer V, Strelnikov V, Schechter A, Kolagatla S. Superoleophobic Surfaces Obtained via Hierarchical Metallic Meshes. Langmuir 2016; 32:4134-4140. [PMID: 27077637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical metallic surfaces demonstrating pronounced water and oil repellence are reported. The surfaces were manufactured with stainless-steel microporous meshes, which were etched with perfluorononanoic acid. As a result, a hierarchical relief was created, characterized by roughness at micro- and sub-microscales. Pronounced superoleophobicity was registered with regard to canola, castor, sesame, flax, crude (petroleum), and engine oils. Relatively high sliding angles were recorded for 5 μL turpentine, olive, and silicone oil droplets. The stability of the Cassie-like air trapping wetting state, established with water/ethanol solutions, is reported. The omniphobicity of the surfaces is due to the interplay of their hierarchical relief and surface fluorination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anton Starostin
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Science , ulitsa Academika Koroleva 3, Perm 614013, Russia
| | - Viktor Valtsifer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Science , ulitsa Academika Koroleva 3, Perm 614013, Russia
| | - Vladimir Strelnikov
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Science , ulitsa Academika Koroleva 3, Perm 614013, Russia
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32
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Wang Q, Subramanian P, Schechter A, Teblum E, Yemini R, Nessim GD, Vasilescu A, Li M, Boukherroub R, Szunerits S. Vertically Aligned Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube Carpet Electrodes: Highly Sensitive Interfaces for the Analysis of Serum from Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:9600-9609. [PMID: 27015265 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide. The development of noninvasive tests that are rapid, sensitive, specific, and simple would allow preventing patient discomfort, delay in diagnosis, and the follow-up of the status of the disease. Herein, we show the interest of vertically aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube (VA-NCNT) electrodes for the required sensitive electrochemical detection of lysozyme in serum, a protein that is up-regulated in IBD. To achieve selective lysozyme detection, biotinylated lysozyme aptamers were covalently immobilized onto the VA-NCNTs. Detection of lysozyme in serum was achieved by measuring the decrease in the peak current of the Fe(CN)6(3-/4-) redox couple by differential pulse voltammetry upon addition of the analyte. We achieved a detection limit as low as 100 fM with a linear range up to 7 pM, in line with the required demands for the determination of lysozyme level in patients suffering from IBD. We attained the sensitive detection of biomarkers in clinical samples of healthy patients and individuals suffering from IBD and compared the results to a classical turbidimetric assay. The results clearly indicate that the newly developed sensor allows for a reliable and efficient analysis of lysozyme in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Lille1 University , Avenue Poincaré-BP60069, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University , Jinan 250061, China
| | | | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University , Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Eti Teblum
- Department of Chemistry and Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Reut Yemini
- Department of Chemistry and Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Gilbert Daniel Nessim
- Department of Chemistry and Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Alina Vasilescu
- International Center of Biodynamics , 1B Intrarea Portocalelor, Sector 6, 060101, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Musen Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University , Jinan 250061, China
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Lille1 University , Avenue Poincaré-BP60069, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Lille1 University , Avenue Poincaré-BP60069, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Nunley J, Sutton J, Culp W, Wilson D, Coleman K, Demianiuk R, Schechter A, Moore G, Donovan T, Schwartz P. Primary pulmonary neoplasia in cats: assessment of computed tomography findings and survival. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:651-6. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Nunley
- Animal Medical Center; New York NY 10065 USA
| | - J. Sutton
- University of California-Davis; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - W. Culp
- University of California-Davis; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - D. Wilson
- University of California-Davis; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - K. Coleman
- Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - R. Demianiuk
- Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - A. Schechter
- Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - G. Moore
- Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - T. Donovan
- Animal Medical Center; New York NY 10065 USA
| | - P. Schwartz
- Animal Medical Center; New York NY 10065 USA
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34
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Teller H, Krichevski O, Gur M, Gedanken A, Schechter A. Ruthenium Phosphide Synthesis and Electroactivity toward Oxygen Reduction in Acid Solutions. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Teller
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Olga Krichevski
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Meital Gur
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Department
of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52902, Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
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35
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Subramanian P, Cohen A, Teblum E, Nessim GD, Bormasheko E, Schechter A. Electrocatalytic activity of nitrogen plasma treated vertically aligned carbon nanotube carpets towards oxygen reduction reaction. Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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36
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Friman H, Schechter A, Nitzan Y, Cahan R. Effect of external voltage on Pseudomonas putida F1 in a bio electrochemical cell using toluene as sole carbon and energy source. Microbiology (Reading) 2014; 160:828. [PMID: 24677363 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.078170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Friman H, Schechter A, Ioffe Y, Nitzan Y, Cahan R. Current production in a microbial fuel cell using a pure culture of Cupriavidus basilensis growing in acetate or phenol as a carbon source. Microb Biotechnol 2013; 6:425-34. [PMID: 23302470 PMCID: PMC3917477 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) was operated with a pure culture of Cupriavidus basilensis bacterial cells growing in the anode compartment in a defined medium containing acetate or phenol. Operating this mediator-less MFC under a constant external resistor of 1 kΩ with acetate or phenol led to current generation of 902 and 310 mA m−2 respectively. In the MFC which was operated using acetate or phenol, the current density measured from the plankton bacterial cells with a fresh electrode was 125 and 109 mA m−2, respectively, whereas the current obtained with biofilm-covered electrodes in sterile medium was 541 and 228 mA m−2 respectively. After 72 h in the MFC, 86% of the initial phenol concentration was removed, while only 64% was removed after the same time in the control MFC which was held at an open circuit potential (OCP). Furthermore, SEM and confocal microscopy analyses demonstrated a developed biofilm with a live C. basilensis population. In conclusion, in this study we demonstrated, for the first time, use of C. basilensis facultative aerobe bacterial cells in a MFC using acetate or phenol as the sole carbon source which led to electricity generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hen Friman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ariel University Center, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Schechter
- Department of Biological
Chemistry, Ariel University Center of Samaria, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Maria Stanevsky
- Department of Biological
Chemistry, Ariel University Center of Samaria, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Atif Mahammed
- Schulich Faculty
of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty
of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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39
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Friman H, Schechter A, Nitzan Y, Cahan R. Effect of external voltage on Pseudomonas putida F1 in a bio electrochemical cell using toluene as sole carbon and energy source. Microbiology (Reading) 2011; 158:414-423. [PMID: 22096152 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.053298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A bio electrochemical cell (BEC) was constructed as a typical two-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC), except that it was operated under external voltage instead of constant resistance as in an MFC. The anode chamber contained a pure culture of Pseudomonas putida F1 grown in a minimal medium containing toluene as the sole carbon and energy source. Operating the BEC under external voltages of 75, 125, 175, 250 and 500 mV (versus an Ag/AgCl reference electrode) led to increased bacterial cell growth to an OD(600) of 0.62-0.75, while the control BEC, which was not connected to external voltage, reached an OD(600) of only 0.3. Examination of the current generated under external voltages of 75, 125, 175, 250 and 500 mV showed that the maximal currents were 11, 23, 28, 54 and 94 mA m(-2), respectively. Cyclic voltammetry experiments demonstrated an anodic peak at 270 mV, which may imply oxidation of a vital molecule. The average residual toluene concentration after 147 h in the BEC operated under external voltage was 22 %, whereas in the control BEC it was 81 %. Proteome analysis of bacterial cells grown in the BEC (125 mV) revealed two groups of proteins, which are ascribed to charge transfer in the bacterial cells and from the cell to the electrode. In conclusion, operating the BEC at 75-500 mV enabled growth of a pure culture of P. putida F1 and toluene degradation even in an oxygen-limited environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hen Friman
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ariel University Center, Ariel 44837, Israel
| | - Alex Schechter
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University Center, Ariel 44837, Israel
| | - Yeshayahu Nitzan
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Rivka Cahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ariel University Center, Ariel 44837, Israel
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40
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Aurbach D, Schechter A, Markovsky B, Cohen Y, Weissman I, Moshkovich M. Recent Studies of Interfacial Phenomena which Determine the Electrochemical Behavior of Lithium and Lithiated Carbon Anodes with the Emphasis on In Situ Techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-496-587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThis paper reports on some new results on the application of surface sensitive techniques for the study of the correlation of surface chemistry, morphology and electrochemical behavior of lithium and lithiated graphite as anodes for rechargeable batteries. Surface sensitive FTIR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) were applied to Li and Li-graphite electrodes in a variety of electrolyte solutions of interest, in conjunction with standard electrochemical techniques. The similarity in the surface chemistry developed on Li and lithiated graphite in solutions is demonstrated and discussed. We demonstrate the strong impact of the surface chemistry on the morphology of Li deposition-dissolution processes, and the use of in situ EQCM measurements for the choice of optimal electrolyte solutions for rechargeable batteries with Li metal anodes.
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41
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Bormashenko E, Pogreb R, Whyman G, Bormashenko Y, Jager R, Stein T, Schechter A, Aurbach D. The reversible giant change in the contact angle on the polysulfone and polyethersulfone films exposed to UV irradiation. Langmuir 2008; 24:5977-5980. [PMID: 18489187 DOI: 10.1021/la800527q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Water contact angles on polysulfone and polyethersulfone films exposed to UV irradiation have been found to decrease dramatically. We relate this phenomenon to the formation and release of disulfonic acid from the irradiated films, a well-known surfactant. The phenomenon appears to be reversible, namely, cleansed surfaces retained their initial contact angle. The revealed phenomenon may provide a means of controlling the spreading of liquids on polysulfone and polyethersulfone films and seems promising for use in microfluidics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Bormashenko
- Ariel University Center of Samaria, the Research Institute, 40700, Ariel, Israel
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42
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Aurbach D, Lu Z, Schechter A, Gofer Y, Gizbar H, Turgeman R, Cohen Y, Moshkovich M, Levi E. Prototype systems for rechargeable magnesium batteries. Nature 2000; 407:724-7. [PMID: 11048714 DOI: 10.1038/35037553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 802] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of magnesium make it a natural choice for use as an anode material in rechargeable batteries, because it may provide a considerably higher energy density than the commonly used lead-acid and nickel-cadmium systems. Moreover, in contrast to lead and cadmium, magnesium is inexpensive, environmentally friendly and safe to handle. But the development of Mg batteries has been hindered by two problems. First, owing to the chemical activity of Mg, only solutions that neither donate nor accept protons are suitable as electrolytes; but most of these solutions allow the growth of passivating surface films, which inhibit any electrochemical reaction. Second, the choice of cathode materials has been limited by the difficulty of intercalating Mg ions in many hosts. Following previous studies of the electrochemistry of Mg electrodes in various non-aqueous solutions, and of a variety of intercalation electrodes, we have now developed rechargeable Mg battery systems that show promise for applications. The systems comprise electrolyte solutions based on Mg organohaloaluminate salts, and Mg(x)Mo3S4 cathodes, into which Mg ions can be intercalated reversibly, and with relatively fast kinetics. We expect that further improvements in the energy density will make these batteries a viable alternative to existing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aurbach
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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43
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Lu Z, Schechter A, Moshkovich M, Aurbach D. On the electrochemical behavior of magnesium electrodes in polar aprotic electrolyte solutions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(99)00146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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44
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Fleischmajer R, Perlish JS, MacDonald ED, Schechter A, Murdoch AD, Iozzo RV, Yamada Y. There is binding of collagen IV to beta 1 integrin during early skin basement membrane assembly. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 857:212-27. [PMID: 9917843 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study is concerned with the mechanism of basement membrane assembly in an in vitro 3-dimensional skin-culture system. Dermal fibroblasts alone can synthesize collagen IV, perlecan, and nidogen, but cannot assemble them into a basement membrane. When keratinocytes are added to the culture, however, linear assembly of collagen IV, perlecan, and nidogen is noted at the epidermo-dermal interface. Northern blots and in situ hybridization showed that perlecan and nidogen mRNAs derive exclusively from fibroblasts, while the alpha 2 (IV) collagen chain is expressed by both keratinocytes and fibroblasts, although the major source is in the mesenchyma (80%). Prior to the development of the lamina densa, collagen IV colocalizes with beta 1 integrins, most likely alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 2 beta 1, which are known receptors for this collagen. Blocking experiments with the AIIB2 mAb (anti-beta 1 integrin subunit) and by peptide inhibition with the CB3(IV) collagen fragment disrupted the assembly of collagen IV. This study suggests that the initiation of basement-membrane formation involves binding of collagen IV molecules to keratinocyte cell-matrix integrins. These complexes act as nucleation sites for further polymerization of collagen IV molecules mostly derived from fibroblasts, by a process of self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fleischmajer
- Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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Fleischmajer R, Schechter A, Bruns M, Perlish JS, Macdonald ED, Pan TC, Timpl R, Chu ML. Skin fibroblasts are the only source of nidogen during early basal lamina formation in vitro. J Invest Dermatol 1995; 105:597-601. [PMID: 7561165 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12323604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether nidogen, the linkage protein of the basal lamina, is of epidermal or dermal origin. The development of the basal lamina was studied in an in vitro skin model. Preputial fibroblasts seeded onto a nylon mesh attached, proliferated, and developed a rich extracellular matrix (dermal model). Preputial keratinocytes were added to the dermal model to form a keratinocyte dermal model that ultrastructurally resembled in many respects human skin. Ultrastructural analysis revealed early stages of dermal development, including an incomplete basal lamina, aggregates of dermal filamentous material connecting to the lamina densa, bundles of 10-nm microfibrils, formation of premature hemidesmosomes, anchoring filaments, and anchoring fibrils. The cell origin of nidogen was determined in the dermal model and in the epidermal and dermal components of the keratinocyte dermal model. Specific antibodies and a cDNA probe for nidogen were used for immunofluorescence microscopy, Western and Northern blots, and for in situ hybridization studies. Our data show that fibroblasts are the only source of nidogen during early basal lamina formation. Although fibroblasts can synthesize nidogen and deposit it in the dermal matrix, no basal lamina will form unless they are recombined with keratinocytes. This suggests that the epidermis plays a major regulatory role in the production and assembly of nidogen into the basal lamina.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fleischmajer
- Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
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Abstract
A 7 1/2-yr-old girl suffered, since early infancy, severe recurrent myalgia during periodic attacks of fever, vomiting and pharyngitis. Neither myoglobinuria nor exercise-induced muscle pain was present. She was found to have carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency (CPTD) in leukocytes, fibroblasts and muscle. This case exemplifies the importance of looking for an associated metabolic etiology of recurrent febrile myalgia even in the absence of myoglobinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schiffmann
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
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Abstract
Our laboratory has demonstrated the cataractogenic potential of UV radiation and several photosensitizing drugs in laboratory animals and in humans. We have utilized lens fluorescence measurements (which we have demonstrated to be a reliable marker for pre-cataractous and early cataractous changes), NMR pulse relaxation techniques, and our recently developed magnetic resonance imaging method to measure lens T2 values in the normal and UV exposed Degus lens (in vivo and in vitro) to detect pre-cataractous changes in the lens. These approaches will permit us to employ two parameters (increased non-tryptophan fluorescence and a decrease in T2 values) to monitor for such changes months before the lens opacities become manifest by conventional slit lamp examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lerman
- Eye Research Laboratory, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595
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Abstract
Progress in biophysical technology now permits us to monitor aging and precataractous changes in the human ocular lens in vivo as well as in vitro. We are employing two noninvasive techniques to measure changes in lens fluorescence and in one lens water compartment (T2) utilizing Scheimpflug lens fluorescence densitography and magnetic resonance imaging. These studies demonstrate age-related changes in the normal lens as reflected by enhanced fluorescence and longer T2 values. Precataractous changes can also be detected with this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lerman
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595
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Abstract
The Lanthony D15 desaturated test was used to compare color vision in sickle cell patients with 20/20 visual acuity and peripheral lesions of sickle cell retinopathy with normal controls. Sickle cell patients had significantly higher Lanthony error scores and significantly more blue-yellow and mixed color vision defects than controls. Among patients with sickle cell anemia (SS), Lanthony and Farnsworth Munsell 100 Hue test scores were significantly correlated, and both tests showed good agreement in identifying the presence or absence of a color defect. These results suggest that the Lanthony D15 test may be a useful clinical tool to identify blue-yellow color defects, especially because of its brevity and simplicity of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roy
- National Eye Institute Clinical Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892
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