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Berntsen LN, Solvi TN, Sørnes K, Wragg DS, Sandtorv AH. Cu-catalyzed C(sp 2)-N-bond coupling of boronic acids and cyclic imides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11851-11854. [PMID: 34698731 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04356k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A general Cu-catalyzed strategy for coupling cyclic imides and alkenylboronic acids by forming C(sp2)-N-bonds is reported. The method enables the practical and mild preparation of (E)-enimides. A large range of cyclic imides are allowed, and di- and tri-substituted alkenylboronic acids can be used. Full retention was observed in the configuration of the alkene double bond in the coupled products. The method is also applicable for preparing N-arylimides, using arylboronic acids as coupling partners. The usefulness of this strategy is exemplified by the convenient derivatization of the chemotherapy medication 5-flurouracil, the nucleoside uridine and the anti-epileptic drug phenytoin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kristian Sørnes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo N-0315, Norway.
| | - David S Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo N-0315, Norway.
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Abstract
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A general Cu-catalyzed,
regioselective method for the N-3-arylation of hydantoins
is described. The protocol utilizes aryl(trimethoxyphenyl)iodonium
tosylate as the arylating agent in the presence of triethylamine and
a catalytic amount of a simple Cu-salt. The method is compatible with
structurally diverse hydantoins and operates well with neutral aryl
groups or aryl groups bearing weakly donating/withdrawing elements.
It is also applicable for the rapid diversification of pharmaceutically
relevant hydantoins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Neerbye Berntsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ainara Nova
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - David S Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexander H Sandtorv
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
Herein, we describe the synthesis of N-aryl phthalimides by metal-free coupling of potassium phthalimide with unsymmetrical aryl(TMP)iodonium tosylate salts. The aryl transfer from the iodonium moiety occurs under electronic control with the electron-rich trimethoxyphenyl group acting as a competent dummy ligand. The yields of N-aryl phthalimides are moderate to high and the coupling reaction is compatible with electron-deficient and sterically encumbered aryl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souradeep Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland OR 97201, United States
| | - Alexander H Sandtorv
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland OR 97201, United States
| | - David R Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland OR 97201, United States
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Wehlauch R, Grendelmeier SM, Miyatake-Ondozabal H, Sandtorv AH, Scherer M, Gademann K. Investigating Biogenetic Hypotheses of the Securinega Alkaloids: Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Secu’amamine E/ent-Virosine A and Bubbialine. Org Lett 2017; 19:548-551. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Wehlauch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Manuel Scherer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karl Gademann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
The direct synthesis of aryl(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)iodonium trifluoroacetate salts from aryl iodides is described. Stoichiometric quantities of trifluoroacetic acid and trimethoxybenzene are used as the counteranion and auxiliary precursors, respectively, under oxidizing conditions. The reaction occurs at mild temperature, is broad in scope, and does not require a separate anion exchange step to install the trifluoroacetate group. The intermediacy of two distinct dicarboxy aryl-λ3-iodanes is hypothesized in the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Carreras
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Alexander H Sandtorv
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - David R Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David R. Stuart
- Department of Chemistry; Portland State University; Portland OR 97201 USA
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Abstract
A mild and metal-free approach to C-N coupling is described that employs diaryliodonium salt electrophiles and secondary aliphatic amine nucleophiles. This reaction results in direct ipso-substitution of the iodonium moiety and unsymmetrical aryl(TMP)iodonium salts are primarily employed. Moreover, arene substituents and substitution patterns that currently pose a challenge to classical metal-free methods are accommodated and the alicyclic amine nucleophiles used here are unprecedented in other contemporary metal-free C-N coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David R Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
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Elumalai V, Sandtorv AH, Bjørsvik HR. A Highly Efficient Pd(PPh3)4-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling Method for the Preparation of 2-Nitrobiphenyls from 1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzenes and Phenylboronic Acids. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sandtorv AH, Leitch C, Bedringaas SL, Gjertsen BT, Bjørsvik HR. 4-Alkylated Silver-N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes with Cytotoxic Effects in Leukemia Cells. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1522-7. [PMID: 26250720 PMCID: PMC4576820 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Computational chemistry has shown that backbone-alkylated imidazoles ought to be efficient ligands for transition metal catalysts with improved carbene-to-metal donation. In this work, such alkylated imidazoles were synthesized and complexed with silver(I) by means of an eight/nine-step synthetic pathway we devised to access a new class of biologically active silver complexes. The synthesis involves selective iodination of the imidazole backbone, followed by Sonogashira coupling to replace the backbone iodine. The installed alkyne moiety is then subjected to reductive hydrogenation with Pearlman's catalyst. The imidazole N1 atom is arylated by the palladium-catalyzed Buchwald N-arylation method. The imidazole N3 position was then methylated with methyl iodine, whereupon the synthesis was terminated by complexation of the imidazolium salt with silver(I) oxide. The synthetic pathway provided an overall yield of ≈20 %. The resulting complexes were tested in vitro against HL60 and MOLM-13 leukemic cells, two human-derived cell lines that model acute myeloid leukemia. The most active compounds exhibiting low IC50 values of 14 and 27 μM, against HL60 and MOLM-13 cells, respectively. The imidazole side chain was found to be essential for high cytotoxicity, as the imidazole complex bearing a C7 side chain at the 4-position was four- to sixfold more potent than the corresponding imidazole elaborated with a methyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Sandtorv
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen (Norway)
| | - Calum Leitch
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen (Norway)
| | - Siv Lise Bedringaas
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen (Norway)
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen (Norway)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, P.B. 1400, 5021 Bergen (Norway)
| | - Hans-René Bjørsvik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen (Norway).
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Sandtorv AH, Leitch C, Bedringaas SL, Gjertsen BT, Bjørsvik HR. Inside Cover: 4-Alkylated Silver-N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes with Cytotoxic Effects in Leukemia Cells (ChemMedChem 9/2015). ChemMedChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sandtorv AH, Bjørsvik HR. Controlling the Course of a Two-Way Switchable Pd-Catalyzed Process by means of Empirical Multivariate Models. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sandtorv AH, Törnroos KW, Bjørsvik HR. Stille Cross-Coupling for the Functionalization of the Imidazole Backbone: Revisit, Improvement, and Applications of the Method. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sandtorv AH, Bjørsvik HR. A Three-Way Switchable Process for Suzuki Cross-Coupling, Hydrodehalogenation, or an Assisted Tandem Hydrodehalogenation and Suzuki Cross-Coupling Sequence. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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