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Jong T, Gehrlein A, Sidransky E, Jagasia R, Chen Y. Characterization of Novel Human β-glucocerebrosidase Antibodies for Parkinson's Disease Research. J Parkinsons Dis 2024; 14:65-78. [PMID: 38251062 PMCID: PMC10836542 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in GBA1, which encodes the lysosome enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (also referred to as acid β-glucosidase or GCase), are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Evidence also suggests that loss of GCase activity is implicated in PD without GBA1 mutations. Consequently, therapies targeting GCase are actively being pursued as potential strategies to modify the progression of PD and related synucleinopathies. Despite this significant interest in GCase as a therapeutic target, the lack of well-characterized GCase antibodies continues to impede progress in the development of GCase-targeted therapies. OBJECTIVE This study aims to independently evaluate human GCase (hGCase) antibodies to provide recommendations for western blot, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and AlphaLISA (Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay) assays. METHODS Two mouse monoclonal antibodies, hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23, were raised against hGCase using imiglucerase, the recombinant enzyme developed to treat patients, as the antigen. These novel antibodies, alongside commonly used antibodies in the field, underwent evaluation in a variety of assays. RESULTS The characterization of hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23 using genetic models including GBA1 loss-of-function human neuroglioma H4 line and neurons differentiated from human embryonic stem cells revealed their remarkable specificity and potency in immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays. Furthermore, a hGCase AlphaLISA assay with excellent sensitivity, a broad dynamic range, and suitability for high throughput applications was developed using hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23, which enabled a sandwich assay configuration. CONCLUSIONS The hGCase immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and AlphaLISA assays utilizing hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23 will not only facilitate improved investigations of hGCase biology, but can also serve as tools to assess the distribution and effectiveness of GCase-targeted therapies for PD and related synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Jong
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra Gehrlein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ravi Jagasia
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yu Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Jong T, Gehrlein A, Sidransky E, Jagasia R, Chen Y. Characterization of Novel Human β-glucocerebrosidase Antibodies for Parkinson Disease Research. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.14.557851. [PMID: 37886493 PMCID: PMC10602026 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in GBA1, which encodes the lysosome enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (also referred to as acid β-glucosidase or GCase), are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Evidence also suggests that loss of GCase activity is implicated in PD without GBA1 mutations. Consequently, therapies targeting GCase are actively being pursued as potential strategies to modify the progression of PD and related synucleinopathies. Despite this significant interest in GCase as a therapeutic target, the lack of well-characterized GCase antibodies continues to impede progress in the development of GCase-targeted therapies. OBJECTIVE This study aims to independently evaluate human GCase (hGCase) antibodies to provide recommendations for western blot, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and AlphaLISA (Amplified Luminescent Proximity Homogeneous Assay) assays. METHODS Two mouse monoclonal antibodies, hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23, were raised against hGCase using imiglucerase, the recombinant enzyme used to treat patients, as the antigen. These novel antibodies, alongside commonly used antibodies in the field, underwent evaluation in a variety of assays. RESULTS The characterization of hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23 using genetic models including GBA1 loss-of-function human neuroglioma H4 line and neurons differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) revealed their remarkable specificity and potency in immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays. Furthermore, a hGCase AlphaLISA assay with excellent sensitivity, a broad dynamic range, and suitability for high throughput applications was developed using hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23, which enabled a sandwich assay configuration. CONCLUSIONS The hGCase immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and AlphaLISA assays utilizing hGCase-1/17 and hGCase-1/23 will not only facilitate improved investigations of hGCase biology, but can also serve as tools to assess the distribution and effectiveness of GCase-targeted therapies for PD and related synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Jong
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandra Gehrlein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ravi Jagasia
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yu Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Gehrlein A, Udayar V, Anastasi N, Morella ML, Ruf I, Brugger D, von der Mark S, Thoma R, Rufer A, Heer D, Pfahler N, Jochner A, Niewoehner J, Wolf L, Fueth M, Ebeling M, Villaseñor R, Zhu Y, Deen MC, Shan X, Ehsaei Z, Taylor V, Sidransky E, Vocadlo DJ, Freskgård PO, Jagasia R. Targeting neuronal lysosomal dysfunction caused by β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency with an enzyme-based brain shuttle construct. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2057. [PMID: 37045813 PMCID: PMC10097658 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37632-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in glucocerebrosidase cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher's disease and are the most common risk factor for Parkinson's disease. Therapies to restore the enzyme's function in the brain hold great promise for treating the neurological implications. Thus, we developed blood-brain barrier penetrant therapeutic molecules by fusing transferrin receptor-binding moieties to β-glucocerebrosidase (referred to as GCase-BS). We demonstrate that these fusion proteins show significantly increased uptake and lysosomal efficiency compared to the enzyme alone. In a cellular disease model, GCase-BS rapidly rescues the lysosomal proteome and lipid accumulations beyond known substrates. In a mouse disease model, intravenous injection of GCase-BS leads to a sustained reduction of glucosylsphingosine and can lower neurofilament-light chain plasma levels. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the potential of GCase-BS for treating GBA1-associated lysosomal dysfunction, provide insight into candidate biomarkers, and may ultimately open a promising treatment paradigm for lysosomal storage diseases extending beyond the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gehrlein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Vinod Udayar
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Anastasi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martino L Morella
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center | VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iris Ruf
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Doris Brugger
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophia von der Mark
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Thoma
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne Rufer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Heer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Pfahler
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry & Structural Biology Biochemistry (IFIB), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anton Jochner
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Jens Niewoehner
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Luise Wolf
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Data & Analytics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Fueth
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Ebeling
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Villaseñor
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Matthew C Deen
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Xiaoyang Shan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Zahra Ehsaei
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Verdon Taylor
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Molecular Neurogenetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David J Vocadlo
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Per-Ola Freskgård
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- BioArctic AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ravi Jagasia
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
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