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Onishchenko G, Nikolayeva N, Rakitskii V, Ilnitskaya A, Filin A, Korolev A, Nikitenko E, Denisova E, Tsakalof A, Guseva E, Kuzmin S, Tsatsakis A. Comprehensive study of health effects of plasma technology occupational environment: Exposure to high frequency and intensity noise and toxic gases. Environ Res 2023; 216:114691. [PMID: 36341799 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate on animal models the health effects of the combined or separate exposure to main chemical and physical hazards of plasma-based material processing technology environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were exposed to actual levels of hazardous factors in plasma technology occupational environment: i.e., ozone and nitrogen oxides (O3 and NOx) in respective concentrations of 0.5 mg/m3 and 1.0 mg/m3 and high-frequency (1000-1600 Hz) of 112 dB intensity noise for 3 h/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks, with a recovery period of 1 month. RESULTS Exposure to noise or its combination with chemical factors (ozone, nitrogen oxides) causes non-specific CNS changes testifying for significant excitation dominance, especially in the case of joint exposure. Histological examination of rats' brain in experimental revealed a pronounced increase in blood filling of small vessels on the tenth day of the experiment, with subsequent intensification of vascular alterations and eventually to cerebral edema. The exposure to noise significantly reduced total thymus, bone marrow and spleen cell numbers and these was also more pronounced under the joint impact of noise and toxic gases. Thymus, but not bone marrow or spleen, mitotic activity was as well reduced under the same modes of exposure. Cytological investigation of film preparations of subcutaneous connective tissue revealed that joint exposure led to microcirculatory disorders, increased number of dark mast cells and reduced degranulation processes indicative of increased autoregulatory processes effective at microvasculature level. CONCLUSIONS High-frequency and intensity noise is main stressor factor that has negative impact on CNS and immune system, morphology and functioning of hematopoietic organs (spleen, bone marrow, thymus) and connective tissue. Its negative impact is significantly potentiated by concurrent exposure to ozone and nitrogen oxide, while exposure only to these toxic gases has no significant effect on the above targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennadiy Onishchenko
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalia Nikolayeva
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Valery Rakitskii
- Federal Budgetary Establishment of Science "F.F. Erisman Scientific Centre of Hygiene" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Semashko St., 2, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russia
| | - Alexandra Ilnitskaya
- Federal Budgetary Establishment of Science "F.F. Erisman Scientific Centre of Hygiene" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Semashko St., 2, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russia
| | - Andrey Filin
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Aleksei Korolev
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Elena Nikitenko
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Elena Denisova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Andreas Tsakalof
- University of Thessaly, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biopolis, 41111, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ekaterina Guseva
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2/2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Sergey Kuzmin
- Federal Budgetary Establishment of Science "F.F. Erisman Scientific Centre of Hygiene" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), Semashko St., 2, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russia
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.
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