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Pierga A, Matusiak R, Cauhapé M, Branchu J, Danglot L, Boutry M, Darios F. Spatacsin regulates directionality of lysosome trafficking by promoting the degradation of its partner AP5Z1. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002337. [PMID: 37871017 PMCID: PMC10621996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms contacts with the lysosomal compartment, regulating lysosome positioning and motility. The movements of lysosomes are controlled by the attachment of molecular motors to their surface. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ER controls lysosome dynamics are still elusive. Here, using mouse brain extracts and mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we demonstrate that spatacsin is an ER-resident protein regulating the formation of tubular lysosomes, which are highly dynamic. Screening for spatacsin partners required for tubular lysosome formation showed spatacsin to act by regulating protein degradation. We demonstrate that spatacsin promotes the degradation of its partner AP5Z1, which regulates the relative amount of spastizin and AP5Z1 at lysosomes. Spastizin and AP5Z1 contribute to regulate tubular lysosome formation, as well as their trafficking by interacting with anterograde and retrograde motor proteins, kinesin KIF13A and dynein/dynactin subunit p150Glued, respectively. Ultimately, investigations in polarized mouse cortical neurons in culture demonstrated that spatacsin-regulated degradation of AP5Z1 controls the directionality of lysosomes trafficking. Collectively, our results identify spatacsin as a protein regulating the directionality of lysosome trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Pierga
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Matusiak
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Margaux Cauhapé
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Julien Branchu
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Lydia Danglot
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Membrane Traffic in Healthy and Diseased Brain, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Scientific director of NeurImag facility, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Boutry
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Darios
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, Paris, France
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Boutry M, Pierga A, Matusiak R, Branchu J, Houllegatte M, Ibrahim Y, Balse E, El Hachimi KH, Brice A, Stevanin G, Darios F. Loss of spatacsin impairs cholesterol trafficking and calcium homeostasis. Commun Biol 2019; 2:380. [PMID: 31637311 PMCID: PMC6797781 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0615-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in SPG11, leading to loss of spatacsin function, impair the formation of membrane tubules in lysosomes and cause lysosomal lipid accumulation. However, the full nature of lipids accumulating in lysosomes and the physiological consequences of such accumulation are unknown. Here we show that loss of spatacsin inhibits the formation of tubules on lysosomes and prevents the clearance of cholesterol from this subcellular compartment. Accumulation of cholesterol in lysosomes decreases cholesterol levels in the plasma membrane, enhancing the entry of extracellular calcium by store-operated calcium entry and increasing resting cytosolic calcium levels. Higher cytosolic calcium levels promote the nuclear translocation of the master regulator of lysosomes TFEB, preventing the formation of tubules and the clearance of cholesterol from lysosomes. Our work reveals a homeostatic balance between cholesterol trafficking and cytosolic calcium levels and shows that loss of spatacsin impairs this homeostatic equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Boutry
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Laboratoire de Neurogénétique, F-75013 Paris, France
- Present Address: Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Alexandre Pierga
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Matusiak
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Julien Branchu
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Marc Houllegatte
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Laboratoire de Neurogénétique, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yoan Ibrahim
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Elise Balse
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Khalid-Hamid El Hachimi
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Laboratoire de Neurogénétique, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Laboratoire de Neurogénétique, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Darios
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- Inserm, U1127, F-75013 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013 Paris, France
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
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