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Little JS, Oakley MS, Thorner AR, Johnston D, Majam V, Liakos AD, Novack LA, Zheng H, Meredith S, Chou CK, Newton BR, Soiffer RJ, Krause PJ, Baden LR, Kumar S. Immune Control in Repeated Babesia microti Infection in a Patient With B-Cell Deficiency. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofad568. [PMID: 38213635 PMCID: PMC10783156 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunology of human babesiosis is poorly investigated. We present a comprehensive investigation of a 75-year-old man with B-cell deficiency who experienced 3 episodes of babesiosis over a 6-year period. Slowly evolving clinical immunity was observed, as evidenced by milder clinical symptoms and lower peak parasite burden after each subsequent babesiosis episode. The patient exhibited several striking immunologic findings. First, the patient had exceptionally high Babesia microti-specific antibodies despite very few circulating B cells, which predominantly coexpressed CD27 (memory marker) and CD95 (death receptor). Second, we demonstrated the presence of long-lasting NK cells and expansion of T memory stem cells. Third, levels of the IP-10 cytokine directly correlated with parasite burden. These results raise fundamental questions on the priming, maintenance, and location of a B-cell population that produces high antibody levels in the face of severe B-cell deficiency. Our results should invoke interest among researchers to study the immunology and pathogenesis of human babesiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Little
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Miranda S Oakley
- Laboratory of Emerging Pathogens, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna R Thorner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Demerise Johnston
- Laboratory of Emerging Pathogens, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Victoria Majam
- Laboratory of Emerging Pathogens, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexis D Liakos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lewis A Novack
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Laboratory of Emerging Pathogens, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Scott Meredith
- Laboratory of Emerging Pathogens, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Chao-Kai Chou
- Facility for Biotechnology Resources, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin R Newton
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Robert J Soiffer
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter J Krause
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health and Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lindsey R Baden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanjai Kumar
- Laboratory of Emerging Pathogens, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Yannitsi SG, Manoussakis MN, Mavridis AK, Tzioufas AG, Loukas SB, Plataris GK, Liakos AD, Moutsopoulos HM. Factors related to the presence of autoantibodies in patients with chronic mental disorders. Biol Psychiatry 1990; 27:747-56. [PMID: 2328270 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(90)90590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Serum samples from 307 patients with various chronic mental disorders were examined for the presence of several autoantibodies. Autoantibodies detected included antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in 122/307 (39.7%), rheumatoid factor (RF) in 23/307 (7.5%), anticardiolipin antibodies (anti-CL) in 23/304 (7.6%, IgM in 12 patients, IgG in 13 patients). Isolated cases with IgG anti-dsDNA, anti-Ro(SSA), and anti-Ro(SSA)/anti-La(SSB) were also identified. The analysis of data revealed that the aging process in patients studied contributed significantly to the incidence of ANA (p less than 0.0001) and RF (p less than 0.01). In addition, the chronic administration of chlorpromazine (CPZ) was associated with the presence of ANA (p less than 0.03) as well as with the presence of IgM and/or IgG anti-CL antibodies (p less than 0.003). Finally, the diagnosis of schizophrenia correlated with the presence of ANA (p less than 0.001). This study represents the autoantibody profile of patients with chronic mental disorders and emphasizes the multifactorial origin of autoantibody response in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Yannitsi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Greece
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