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Parker H, Gravagnuolo AM, Vranic S, Crica LE, Newman L, Carnell O, Bussy C, Dookie RS, Prestat E, Haigh SJ, Lozano N, Kostarelos K, MacDonald AS. Graphene oxide modulates dendritic cell ability to promote T cell activation and cytokine production. Nanoscale 2022; 14:17297-17314. [PMID: 36374249 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02169b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An important aspect of immunotherapy is the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to prime T cell immunity, an approach that has yielded promising results in some early phase clinical trials. However, novel approaches are required to improve DC therapeutic efficacy by enhancing their uptake of, and activation by, disease relevant antigens. The carbon nano-material graphene oxide (GO) may provide a unique way to deliver antigen to innate immune cells and modify their ability to initiate effective adaptive immune responses. We have assessed whether GO of various lateral sizes affects DC activation and function in vitro and in vivo, including their ability to take up, process and present the well-defined model antigen ovalbumin (OVA). We have found that GO flakes are internalised by DCs, while having minimal effect on their viability, activation phenotype or cytokine production. Although adsorption of OVA protein to either small or large GO flakes promoted its uptake into DCs, large GO interfered with OVA processing. In terms of modulation of DC function, delivery of OVA via small GO flakes significantly enhanced DC ability to induce proliferation of OVA-specific CD4+ T cells, promoting granzyme B secretion in vitro. On the other hand, delivery of OVA via large GO flakes augmented DC ability to induce proliferation of OVA-specific CD8+ T cells, and their production of IFN-γ and granzyme B. Together, these data demonstrate the capacity of GO of different lateral dimensions to act as a promising delivery platform for DC modulation of distinct facets of the adaptive immune response, information that could be exploited for future development of targeted immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Parker
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
| | - Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Livia Elena Crica
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Leon Newman
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Oliver Carnell
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca S Dookie
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
| | - Eric Prestat
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, UK
- SuperSTEM Laboratory, SciTech Daresbury Campus, Daresbury, WA4 4AD, UK
| | - Sarah J Haigh
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, UK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew S MacDonald
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, UK.
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Gravagnuolo AM, Faqih L, Cronshaw C, Wynn J, Klapper P, Wigglesworth M. High throughput diagnostics and dynamic risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. EBioMedicine 2021; 70:103540. [PMID: 34392145 PMCID: PMC8358312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rise of new SARS-CoV-2 variants worldwide requires global molecular surveillance strategies to support public health control. Early detection and evaluation of their associated risk of spreading within the population are pivotal. METHODS Between April 2020 and February 2021, the UK Lighthouse Labs Network at Alderley Park tested more than eight million nose and throat swab samples for the presence of SARS-CoV-2, via PCR. The assay targeted three genomic regions of the virus: N, Orf1ab and S. Whole-genome next-generation sequencing was used to confirm positive PCR results. Positive results were mapped using the postal district origin of samples to allow real-time tracking of the spread of a new variant through the UK. FINDINGS In mid-November 2020, the assay identified an increasing number of S gene negative, N and Orf1ab positive samples. Whole-genome sequencing demonstrated that the loss of S gene detection was due to the appearance of a SARS-CoV-2 lineage (B.1.1.7) designated as Variant of concern (VOC) 202012/01. By the beginning of January 2021, the new SARS-CoV-2 VOC comprised 70% of daily positive samples tested at Alderley Park and ∼98% by the end of February 2021. INTERPRETATION The timeline view identified the rapid spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant across England during the first three weeks of December. Coupling high-throughput diagnostics and molecular surveillance was pivotal to the early detection of the spread of this variant. The availability of real-time tracking of an emerging variant is an important new tool to inform decision-making authorities for risk mitigation. In a respiratory pandemic, a tool for the timely response to the emergence and spread of a novel variant is vital, even more so when a variant is associated with the enhanced transmission, as has occurred with VOC 202012/01. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Lighthouse Labs Network, Alderley Park, Mereside, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Layla Faqih
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Lighthouse Labs Network, Alderley Park, Mereside, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Cara Cronshaw
- Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London SW1H 0EU, United Kingdom
| | - Jacquelyn Wynn
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Lighthouse Labs Network, Alderley Park, Mereside, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klapper
- Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London SW1H 0EU, United Kingdom; The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Wigglesworth
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Lighthouse Labs Network, Alderley Park, Mereside, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom; Discovery Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Mereside, Alderley Edge, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom.
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Alonso-Murias MDC, Monzón-Hernández D, Gravagnuolo AM, Márquez S, Giardina P, Morales-Narváez E. Graphene oxide biohybrid layer enhances sensitivity and anticorrosive properties in refractive index sensor. J Phys Photonics 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/abfa78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are capable of enhancing the refractometric response of prism- and optical fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors; however, complicated multistep and time-consuming attaching processes could limit their practical applications. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate the immobilization of graphene oxide (GO) submicrometric sheets onto the surface of a gold-coated single-mode fiber using a coating of fungal self-assembling proteins, the hydrophobins (HFBs), as an adhesive nanolayer. Hetero-core fiber tip SPR structures used in this study, consisting of a mirrored multimode–single-mode fiber structure coated with different thin layers (a chromium layer of 3 nm and a gold layer of 30 nm on top) exhibited a refractive index sensitivity (SRI) of 1842 nm RIU−1 (RIU: refractive index unit) at a refractive index (RI) of 1.36. Self-assembly of GO over the SPR fiber tip via HFB, offered an enhancement of up to 20% in the SRI. Moreover, this HFB-GO coating prevented degradation of the Al thin film mirror caused by corrosive salt-water solutions. The process is very simple, harmless, rapid (around 15 min) and scalable, as it is mostly based on one plasma treatment, which can be performed in large chambers and two dip coating steps, in liquid baths. All these features make the use of self-assembled bio/non-bio hybrid coating a green industrial method to improve the performance of SPR fiber biosensors, if compared with traditional chemical methods. Materials applied in this technology, fungal proteins and derivatives of graphite, are sustainable and largely available.
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Backes C, Behera RK, Bianco A, Casiraghi C, Doan H, Criado A, Galembeck F, Goldie S, Gravagnuolo AM, Hou HL, Kamali AR, Kostarelos K, Kumar V, Lee WH, Martsinovich N, Palermo V, Palma M, Pang J, Prato M, Samori P, Silvestri A, Singh S, Strano M, Wetzl C. Biomedical applications: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2021; 227:245-258. [PMID: 33877208 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd90003j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gravagnuolo AM, Morales-Narváez E, Martucci A. Editorial: Biointerfacing 2D Nanomaterials and Engineered Heterostructures. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:639723. [PMID: 33520977 PMCID: PMC7844306 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.639723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, & National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Eden Morales-Narváez
- Biophotonic Nanosensors Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica A. C., León, Mexico
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Kaur J, Gravagnuolo AM, Maddalena P, Altucci C, Giardina P, Gesuele F. Green synthesis of luminescent and defect-free bio-nanosheets of MoS2: interfacing two-dimensional crystals with hydrophobins. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01680h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High quality luminescent nanosheets of MoS2 interfaced with the amphiphilic protein Vmh2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasneet Kaur
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- Naples
- Italy
| | | | - Pasqualino Maddalena
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Felice Gesuele
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”
- University of Naples “Federico II”
- Naples
- Italy
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Kaur J, Vergara A, Rossi M, Gravagnuolo AM, Valadan M, Corrado F, Conte M, Gesuele F, Giardina P, Altucci C. Electrostatically driven scalable synthesis of MoS2–graphene hybrid films assisted by hydrophobins. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09878b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Green synthesis of MoS2/biofunctionalized graphene hybrid films assisted by Vmh2 hydrophobin for applications in biosensing and photodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasneet Kaur
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”
- University of Naples Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
- Akal College of Basic Sciences
| | - Alessandro Vergara
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate scarl
| | - Manuela Rossi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry
| | | | - Federica Corrado
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno
- Portici
- Italy
| | | | - Felice Gesuele
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”
- University of Naples Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”
- University of Naples Federico II
- Naples
- Italy
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Cicatiello P, Gravagnuolo AM, Gnavi G, Varese GC, Giardina P. Marine fungi as source of new hydrophobins. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:1229-1233. [PMID: 27527694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobins have been described as the most powerful surface-active proteins known. They are produced by filamentous fungi and exhibit a distinct amphiphilic structure determining their self-assembly at hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfaces and surfactant properties which have been demonstrated to be useful for several biotechnological applications. The marine environment represents a vast natural resource of new molecules produced by organisms growing in various stressful conditions. This study was focused on the screening of 100 marine fungi from Mycoteca Universitatis Taurinensis (MUT) for the identification of new hydrophobins. Four different methods were set up to extract hydrophobins of class I and II, from the mycelium or the culture broth of fungi. Six fungi were selected as the best producers of hydrophobins endowed with different characteristics. Their ability to form stable amphiphilic films and their emulsification capacity in the presence of olive oil was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cicatiello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gnavi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cristina Varese
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
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Politi J, De Stefano L, Rea I, Gravagnuolo AM, Giardina P, Methivier C, Casale S, Spadavecchia J. One-pot synthesis of a gold nanoparticle-Vmh2 hydrophobin nanobiocomplex for glucose monitoring. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:195701. [PMID: 27022721 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/19/195701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
HydrophobinVmh2 is a small amphiphilic protein, which self-assembles on different surfaces and naturally interacts with glucose. Here, we report on the synthesis of a nanobiocomplex made of polyethylene glycol, Vmh2 and gold nanoparticles by a one-step process and on its ability to recognise glucose in an aqueous solution at 0.3-0.6-1.2 mg ml(-1) concentrations. Even though the Vmh2 proteins are intrinsically bonded to the gold core, effective glucose interaction monitoring was demonstrated by using dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible, polarization-modulated infrared reflection-absorption and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Experimental results highlighted an affinity constant of 7.3 ± 0.3 mg ml(-1) between the nanobiosystem and the sugar, and a detection sensitivity of 0.13 ± 0.06 a.u./mg ml(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Politi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Unit of Naples-National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80127, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples «Federico II», Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Unit of Naples-National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80127, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rea
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Unit of Naples-National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80127, Italy
| | - Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples «Federico II», Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples «Federico II», Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Christophe Methivier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandra Casale
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7244, CSPBAT, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomateriaux et d'Agents Therapeutiques Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jolanda Spadavecchia
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 7244, CSPBAT, Laboratoire de Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomateriaux et d'Agents Therapeutiques Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France CNRS, Paris, France
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Gravagnuolo AM, Longobardi S, Luchini A, Appavou MS, De Stefano L, Notomista E, Paduano L, Giardina P. Class I Hydrophobin Vmh2 Adopts Atypical Mechanisms to Self-Assemble into Functional Amyloid Fibrils. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:954-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Maria Gravagnuolo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Longobardi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Luchini
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marie-Sousai Appavou
- Jülich
Centre for Neutron Science JCNS, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,
Outstation at MLZ, Lichtenbergstraße
1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Unit of Naples,
Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Council
of Research, Via Pietro Castellino
111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Notomista
- Department
of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia
4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Longobardi S, Gravagnuolo AM, Rea I, De Stefano L, Marino G, Giardina P. Hydrophobin-coated plates as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization sample support for peptide/protein analysis. Anal Biochem 2014; 449:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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