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Sindi AS, Cheema AS, Trevenen ML, Geddes DT, Payne MS, Stinson LF. Characterisation of human milk bacterial DNA profiles in a small cohort of Australian women in relation to infant and maternal factors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280960. [PMID: 36696407 PMCID: PMC9876237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk is composed of complex microbial and non-microbial components that shape the infant gut microbiome. Although several maternal and infant factors have been associated with human milk microbiota, no study has investigated this in an Australian population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate associations between human milk bacterial composition of Australian women and maternal factors (body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery, breast pump use, allergy, parity) and infant factors (sex, mode of feeding, pacifier use, and introduction of solids). Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterise milk bacterial DNA profiles. Milk from mothers with a normal BMI had a higher relative abundance of Streptococcus australis than that of underweight mothers, while milk from overweight mothers had a higher relative abundance of Streptococcus salivarius compared with underweight and obese mothers. Mothers who delivered vaginally had a higher relative abundance of Streptococcus mitis in their milk compared to those who delivered via emergency caesarean section. Milk of mothers who used a breast pump had a higher relative abundance of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus parasanguinis. Milk of mothers whose infants used a pacifier had a higher relative abundance of S. australis and Streptococcus gwangjuense. Maternal BMI, mode of delivery, breast pump use, and infant pacifier use are associated with the bacterial composition of human milk in an Australian cohort. The data from this pilot study suggests that both mother and infant can contribute to the human milk microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar S Sindi
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Cheema
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle L Trevenen
- Centre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Donna T Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Women and Infants Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Cheema AS, Stinson LF, Rea A, Lai CT, Payne MS, Murray K, Geddes DT, Gridneva Z. Human Milk Lactose, Insulin, and Glucose Relative to Infant Body Composition during Exclusive Breastfeeding. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113724. [PMID: 34835980 PMCID: PMC8625960 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk (HM) components may influence infant growth and development. This study aimed to investigate relationships between infant body composition (BC) and HM lactose, insulin, and glucose (concentrations and calculated daily intakes (CDI)) as well as 24-h milk intake and maternal BC at 3 months postpartum. HM samples were collected at 2 months postpartum. Infant and maternal BC was assessed with bioimpedance spectroscopy. Statistical analysis used linear regression accounting for infant birth weight. 24-h milk intake and CDI of lactose were positively associated with infant anthropometry, lean body mass and adiposity. Higher maternal BC measures were associated with lower infant anthropometry, z-scores, lean body mass, and adiposity. Maternal characteristics including BC and age were associated with concentrations and CDI of HM components, and 24-h milk intake. In conclusion, 24-h intake of HM and lactose as well as maternal adiposity are related to development of infant BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S. Cheema
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.S.C.); (L.F.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Lisa F. Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.S.C.); (L.F.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Alethea Rea
- Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
| | - Ching Tat Lai
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.S.C.); (L.F.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Matthew S. Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Donna T. Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.S.C.); (L.F.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.T.G.)
| | - Zoya Gridneva
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.S.C.); (L.F.S.); (C.T.L.); (D.T.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-6488-4467
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Stinson LF, Sindi ASM, Cheema AS, Lai CT, Mühlhäusler BS, Wlodek ME, Payne MS, Geddes DT. The human milk microbiome: who, what, when, where, why, and how? Nutr Rev 2021; 79:529-543. [PMID: 32443154 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk (HM) contains an incredible array of microorganisms. These likely contribute to the seeding of the infant gastrointestinal microbiome, thereby influencing infant immune and metabolic development and later-life health. Given the importance of the HM microbiota in this context, there has been an increase in research efforts to characterize this in different populations and in relation to different maternal and infant characteristics. However, despite a decade of intensive research, there remain several unanswered questions in this field. In this review, the "5 W+H" approach (who, what, when, where, why, and how) is used to comprehensively describe the composition, function, and origin of the HM microbiome. Here, existing evidence will be drawn together and critically appraised to highlight avenues for further research, both basic and applied. Perhaps the most interesting of these is the potential to modulate the HM microbiome using pre/probiotics or dietary interventions. Another exciting possibility is the personalization of donor milk for women with insufficient supply. By gaining a deeper understanding of the HM microbiome, opportunities to intervene to optimize infant and lifelong health may be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Azhar S M Sindi
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ali S Cheema
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ching Tat Lai
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Beverly S Mühlhäusler
- CSIRO, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mary E Wlodek
- Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Donna T Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Cheema AS, Lai CT, Dymock M, Rae A, Geddes DT, Payne MS, Stinson LF. Impact of expression mode and timing of sample collection, relative to milk ejection, on human milk bacterial DNA profiles. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:988-995. [PMID: 33421237 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of expression mode: electric breast pump or hand expression, and timing of sample collection: pre- and post-milk ejection on human milk (HM) bacterial DNA profiles. METHODS AND RESULTS Three HM samples from the same breast were collected from 30 breastfeeding mothers: a pre-milk ejection pump-expressed sample (pre-pump), a post-milk ejection pump-expressed sample (post-pump) and a post-milk ejection hand-expressed sample (post-hand). Full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to assess milk bacterial DNA profiles. Bacterial profiles did not differ significantly based on mode of expression nor timing of sample collection. No significant differences were detected in the relative abundance of any OTUs based on expression condition (pre-pump/ post-pump and post-pump/post-hand) with univariate linear mixed-effects regression analyses (all P-values > 0·01; α = 0·01). Similarly, no difference in richness was observed between sample types (number of observed OTUs: post-pump/post-hand P = 0·13; pre-pump/post-pump P = 0. 45). CONCLUSION Bacterial DNA profiles of HM did not differ according to either expression method or timing of sample collection. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Hand or pump expression can be utilized to collect samples for microbiome studies. This has implications for the design of future HM microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Cheema
- School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C T Lai
- School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - M Dymock
- Centre for Applied Statistics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - A Rae
- Mathematics and Statistics, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - D T Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - M S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - L F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Cheema AS, Stinson LF, Lai CT, Geddes DT, Payne MS. DNA extraction method influences human milk bacterial profiles. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:142-156. [PMID: 32654260 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate four DNA extraction methods to elucidate the most effective method for bacterial DNA recovery from human milk (HM). METHODS AND RESULTS Human milk DNA was extracted using the following methods: (i) Qiagen MagAttract Microbial DNA Isolation Kit (kit QM), (ii) Norgen Milk Bacterial DNA Isolation Kit (kit NM), (iii) Qiagen MagAttract Microbiome DNA/RNA Isolation Kit (kit MM) and (iv) TRIzol LS Reagent (method LS). The full-length 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. Kits MM and method LS were unable to extract detectable levels of DNA in 9/11 samples. Detectable levels of DNA were recovered from all samples using kits NM (mean = 0·68 ng μl-1 ) and QM (mean = 0·55 ng μl-1 ). For kits NM and QM, the greatest number of reads were associated with Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus vestibularis, Propionibacterium acnes, Veillonella dispar and Rothia mucilaginosa. Contamination profiles varied substantially between kits, with one bacterial species detected in negative extraction controls generated with kit QM and six with kit NM. CONCLUSIONS Kit QM is the most suitable of the kits tested for the extraction of bacterial DNA from human milk. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Choice of extraction method impacts the efficiency of bacterial DNA extraction from human milk and the resultant bacterial community profiles generated from these samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Cheema
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - L F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C T Lai
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - D T Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - M S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Sibbald
- Department of Medicine, Toronto Hospital, Ontario, Canada
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Cheema AS, Haard NF. Induction of Rishitin and Lubimin Synthesis in Potato Tuber Slices by Non-Specific Elicitors - Role of Gene Derepression. J Food Prot 1979; 42:512-518. [PMID: 30812259 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-42.6.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The stress metabolites rishitin and lubimin accumulate at relatively low concentrations (5-20 ppm) in potato tuber slices subjected to various cell-disruptive treatments including heavy metal salts, sulfhydryl reagents, metabolic inhibitors, detergents, ultraviolet light and lysosomal enzymes. Cold-stored (4 C) tubers are more disposed to terpene accumulation than freshly harvested, 25-C stored and conditioned potatoes. Various inhibitors of DNA transcription and mRNA translation block terpene induction by non-specific elicitors when applied at sufficiently high concentration. However. various protein synthesis inhibitors were shown to be potent elicitors of terpene accumulation when applied at lower concentration. Actinomycin D (25 μg/ml) treatment of discs for 30 min elicits higher levels of rishitin than results from Phytophthora infestans interaction with potato (> 100 ppm). A mechanism for terpene induction based on derepression of "stress metabolite DNA" is proposed to explain the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Cheema
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X9
| | - N F Haard
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3X9
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