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Ismail NFB, Foth M, Yousef ARE, Cui N, Leach JD, Jamieson T, Karim SA, Salmond JM, Morton JP, Iwata T. Loss of Cxcr2 in Myeloid Cells Promotes Tumour Progression and T Cell Infiltration in Invasive Bladder Cancer. Bladder Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/blc-211645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: CXCR2 is a chemokine receptor expressed in myeloid cells, including neutrophils and macrophages. Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR2 has been shown to sensitize tumours to immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies in some cancer types. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of CXCR2 loss in regulation of tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells and their relationship to lymphocytes during bladder tumorigenesis. METHODS: Urothelial pathogenesis and immune contexture was investigated in an OH-BBN model of invasive bladder cancer with Cxcr2 deleted in myeloid cells (LysMCre Cxcr2floxflox). CXCR2 gene alterations and expression in human muscle invasive bladder cancer were analysed in The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS: Urothelial tumour pathogenesis was significantly increased upon Cxcr2 deletion compared to wildtype mice. This was associated with a suppression of myeloid cell infiltration in Cxcr2-deleted bladders shortly after the carcinogen induction. Interestingly, following a transient increase of macrophages at the outset of tumour formation, an increase in T cell infiltration was observed in Cxcr2-deleted tumours. The increased tumour burden in the Cxcr2-deleted bladder was largely independent of T cells and the status of immune suppression. The Cxcr2-deleted mouse model reflected the low CXCR2 mRNA range in human bladder cancer, which showed poor overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to previous reports of increased CXCR2 signalling associated with disease progression and poor prognosis, CXCR2 was protective against bladder cancer during tumour initiation. This is likely due to a suppression of acute inflammation. The strategy for sensitizing checkpoint immunotherapy by CXCR2 inhibition in bladder cancer may benefit from an examination of immune suppressive status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Faezah Binti Ismail
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mona Foth
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Amal Rahil Elgaddafi Yousef
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ningxuan Cui
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joshua D.G. Leach
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer P. Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tomoko Iwata
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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