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Sherman ME, Boehm AL, Franco EL. A new initiative for the Journal of the National Cancer Institute: supporting early career investigators. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:341-342. [PMID: 38341802 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Sherman
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Yabroff KR, Boehm AL, Nogueira LM, Sherman M, Bradley CJ, Shih YCT, Keating NL, Gomez SL, Banegas MP, Ambs S, Hershman DL, Yu JB, Riaz N, Stockler MR, Chen RC, Franco EL. An essential goal within reach: attaining diversity, equity, and inclusion for the Journal of the National Cancer Institute journals. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:1115-1120. [PMID: 37806780 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Robin Yabroff
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Leticia M Nogueira
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mark Sherman
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Cathy J Bradley
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center and Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ya-Chen Tina Shih
- University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nancy L Keating
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scarlett L Gomez
- Department of Urology and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew P Banegas
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James B Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Francis Hospital and Trinity Health of New England, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin R Stockler
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wells, Australia
| | - Ronald C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Yabroff KR, Boehm AL, Nogueira LM, Sherman M, Bradley CJ, Shih YCT, Keating NL, Gomez SL, Banegas MP, Ambs S, Hershman DL, Yu JB, Riaz N, Stockler MR, Chen RC, Franco EL. An essential goal within reach: attaining diversity, equity, and inclusion for the Journal of the National Cancer Institute journals. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2023; 7:pkad063. [PMID: 37806772 PMCID: PMC10560610 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Robin Yabroff
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Leticia M Nogueira
- Surveillance and Health Equity Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mark Sherman
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Cathy J Bradley
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center and Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ya-Chen Tina Shih
- University of California Los Angeles Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nancy L Keating
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scarlett L Gomez
- Department of Urology and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew P Banegas
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - James B Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Francis Hospital and Trinity Health of New England, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin R Stockler
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wells, Australia
| | - Ronald C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Ganz PA, Chen RC, Boehm AL. Addressing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion at the JNCI Journals. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:1207-1208. [PMID: 36065087 PMCID: PMC9468285 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Ganz
- Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Control Research, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ronald C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Ganz
- Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Center for Cancer Prevention and Control Research, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ronald C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Wansley EK, Chakraborty M, Hance KW, Bernstein MB, Boehm AL, Guo Z, Quick D, Franzusoff A, Greiner JW, Schlom J, Hodge JW. Vaccination with a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing a tumor antigen breaks immune tolerance and elicits therapeutic antitumor responses. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:4316-25. [PMID: 18594015 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a nonpathogenic yeast, has been used previously as a vehicle to elicit immune responses to foreign antigens, and tumor-associated antigens, and has been shown to reduce tumor burden in mice. Studies were designed to determine if vaccination of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-transgenic (CEA-Tg) mice (where CEA is a self-antigen) with a recombinant S. cerevisiae construct expressing human CEA (yeast-CEA) elicits CEA-specific T-cell responses and antitumor activity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CEA-Tg mice were vaccinated with yeast-CEA, and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses were assessed after one and multiple administrations or vaccinations at multiple sites per administration. Antitumor activity was determined by tumor growth and overall survival in both pulmonary metastasis and s.c. pancreatic tumor models. RESULTS These studies demonstrate that recombinant yeast can break tolerance and that (a) yeast-CEA constructs elicit both CEA-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses; (b) repeated yeast-CEA administration causes increased antigen-specific T-cell responses after each vaccination; (c) vaccination with yeast-CEA at multiple sites induces a greater T-cell response than the same dose given at a single site; and (d) tumor-bearing mice vaccinated with yeast-CEA show a reduction in tumor burden and increased overall survival compared to mock-treated or control yeast-vaccinated mice in both pulmonary metastasis and s.c. pancreatic tumor models. CONCLUSIONS Vaccination with a heat-killed recombinant yeast expressing the tumor-associated antigen CEA induces CEA-specific immune responses, reduces tumor burden, and extends overall survival in CEA-Tg mice. These studies thus form the rationale for the incorporation of recombinant yeast-CEA and other recombinant yeast constructs in cancer immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Wansley
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are commonly expressed and activated in many malignancies. EGFR is an upstream activator of several pathways involved in tumor progression, and STATs activate selected genes involved in oncogenesis. There are several different mechanisms by which STAT proteins can mediate intracellular EGFR signaling, including direct activation of STATs by EGFR binding and indirect activation of STATs through Src-mediated EGFR signaling. EGFR likely activates STAT in a manner distinctive from other mechanisms of STAT activation; STAT5 can be phosphorylated in an EGF-dependent manner at unique sites, conferring novel functions. Cumulative evidence suggests that targeting EGFR signaling pathways at several levels may demonstrate synergistic therapeutic effects compared with targeting the upstream receptor alone. Thus, methods to inhibit EGFR in conjunction with oncogenic STATs may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for cancers characterized by upregulation of EGFR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Quesnelle
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Boehm AL, Sen M, Seethala R, Gooding WE, Freilino M, Wong SMY, Wang S, Johnson DE, Grandis JR. Combined targeting of epidermal growth factor receptor, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3, and Bcl-X(L) enhances antitumor effects in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Mol Pharmacol 2008; 73:1632-42. [PMID: 18326051 DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.044636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), an upstream mediator of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including SCCHN. Therapies such as monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR have demonstrated limited antitumor efficacy, which may be explained, in part, by persistent STAT3 activation despite EGFR inhibition. STAT3 activation induces expression of target genes in SCCHN, including Bcl-X(L), a mediator of antiapoptotic activity. Bcl-X(L) is commonly overexpressed in SCCHN where it correlates with chemoresistance, making it a potential therapeutic target. Targeting the EGFR-STAT3-Bcl-X(L) pathway at several levels, including the upstream receptor, the intracellular transcription factor, and the downstream target gene, has not been investigated previously. Using erlotinib, an EGFR-specific reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor in combination with a STAT3 transcription factor decoy, we found enhanced antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. The combination of the STAT3 decoy and gossypol, a small molecule targeting Bcl-X(L), also yielded enhanced inhibition of cell proliferation. The triple combination of erlotinib, STAT3 decoy, and gossypol further enhanced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in vitro, and it down-regulated signaling molecules further downstream of the EGFR-STAT3 signaling pathway, such as cyclin D1. These results suggest that combined targeting of several components of an oncogenic signaling pathway may be an effective therapeutic strategy for SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Boehm
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Lui VWY, Boehm AL, Koppikar P, Leeman RJ, Johnson D, Ogagan M, Childs E, Freilino M, Grandis JR. Antiproliferative mechanisms of a transcription factor decoy targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3: the role of STAT1. Mol Pharmacol 2007; 71:1435-43. [PMID: 17325127 DOI: 10.1124/mol.106.032284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously developed a transcription factor decoy targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and reported antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo models of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Based on the known existence of STAT1-STAT3 heterodimers, the high sequence homology between STAT1 and STAT3, as well as expression of both STAT1 and STAT3 in SCCHN, we examined whether the STAT3 decoy interferes with STAT1 signaling. SCCHN cell lines with different STAT1 expression levels (but similar STAT3 levels) were used. Both cell lines were sensitive to the growth-inhibitory effects of the STAT3 decoy compared with a mutant control decoy. Intact STAT1 signaling was demonstrated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-mediated induction of STAT1 phosphorylation (Tyr701) and interferon-regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) expression. Treatment with the STAT3 decoy (but not a mutant control decoy) resulted in inhibition of IRF-1 protein expression in both cell lines, indicating specific inhibition of STAT1 signaling by the STAT3 decoy. Because STAT1 is a potential tumor suppressor, we also investigated whether STAT1 signaling mitigated the therapeutic efficacy of the STAT3 decoy. In both PCI-15B and UM-22B cells, STAT1 siRNA treatment resulted in decreased STAT1 expression, without altering the antitumor activity of the STAT3 decoy. Likewise, the antitumor effects of the STAT3 decoy were not altered by STAT1 activation upon IFN-gamma treatment. These results suggest that the therapeutic mechanisms of STAT3 blockade using a transcription factor decoy are independent of STAT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Wai Yan Lui
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Abstract
In 1997, a research programme was initiated to assess the ability of nanospheres (NS) to improve the biodelivery of a new insecticide to plants. Stable polymeric NS, with a size near 135 nm and an encapsulation rate in the range of 3.5%, have been obtained using a nanoprecipitation method with Eudragit S100 polymer. Biological studies have been performed on cotton plants infested with aphid, to estimate the direct contact efficacy of NS formulations on the insects and the systemicity of the encapsulated active ingredient and its level of penetration through the plant, compared to a classical suspension used as a reference. Results indicate that NS formulations are not so good as the reference in terms of speed of action and sustained release. Nevertheless, NS formulation performed better than the reference to enhance the systemicity of the AI and improve its penetration through the plant. It is concluded that the NS do not provide a controlled release of AI but, due to their small size, they enhance the penetration in the plant compared to the classical suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Boehm
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique, UMR 5007, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France
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