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Al-Ragi MJ, Karieb SS, Fathallah N, Zaïri A. Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Liver Functions in Albino Mice. Cureus 2024; 16:e54822. [PMID: 38529423 PMCID: PMC10962696 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An alarming number of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have leaked into the environment, endangering the tissues of many living creatures, due to the recent surge in their use in several items. Through intra-peritoneal injection, this research intends to examine the impact of ZnO-NPs on the hepatic and gastrointestinal structures of male albino mice. METHOD For seven and 14 days, animals were given 0.1 ml of 100 and 200 mg kg-1 of 50 nm-size ZnO-NPs, respectively. In contrast, those in the control group were given only water and food. RESULT The results demonstrated that the treated mice's livers underwent functional changes and histological damage. After seven and 14 days, there was a notable rise in the average levels of the glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase enzymes in comparison to the control group (p≤0.05). Concentration time determines the magnitude of this impact. When enzyme levels vary, it means the liver isn't working properly. Histological changes in the liver, such as necrosis, destruction of hepatocyte membranes, widening of sinusoidal spaces and vacuolation of their cytoplasm, vascular congestion, and an increased number of Kupffer cells, were induced in mice treated with ZnO-NPs at two studied concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg) for seven and 14 days, respectively. These effects were time-dose-dependent, according to the results of hematoxylin-eosin staining of liver tissue images.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahar S Karieb
- Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham) University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRQ
| | - Neila Fathallah
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (Ibn El Gazzar) University of Sousse, Sousse, TUN
| | - Amira Zaïri
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (Ibn El Gazzar) University of Sousse, Sousse, TUN
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Haddad H, Mejri R, de Araujo AR, Zaïri A. Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of New Dermaseptin Derivatives against Acinetobacter baumannii. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:171. [PMID: 38399385 PMCID: PMC10892451 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial infections represent one of the biggest health problems nowadays. Acinetobacter baumannii is known as an opportunistic pathogen in humans, affecting people with compromised immune systems, and is becoming increasingly important as a hospital-derived infection. It is known that in recent years, more and more bacteria have become multidrug-resistant (MDR) and, for this reason, the development of new drugs is a priority. However, these products must not affect the human body, and therefore, cytotoxicity studies are mandatory. In this context, antimicrobial peptides with potential antibacterial proprieties could be an alternative. In this research, we describe the synthesis and the bioactivity of dermaseptins and their derivatives against Acinetobacter baumannii. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was investigated on the HEp-2 cell line by MTT cell viability assay. Thereafter, we studied the morphological alterations caused by the action of one of the active peptides on the bacterial membrane using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The cytotoxicity of dermaseptins was concentration-dependent at microgram concentrations. It was observed that all tested analogs exhibited antibacterial activity with Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) ranging from 3.125 to 12.5 μg/mL and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBCs) ranging from 6.25 to 25 μg/mL. Microscopic images obtained by AFM revealed morphological changes on the surface of the treated bacteria caused by K4S4(1-16), as well as significant surface alterations. Overall, these findings demonstrate that dermaseptins might constitute new lead structures for the development of potent antibacterial agents against Acinetobacter baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Haddad
- BIOLIVAL Laboratory, LR14ES06, The Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir ISBM, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia;
- Biochemistry Department, LR18ES47, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia;
| | - Radhia Mejri
- Biochemistry Department, LR18ES47, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia;
| | - Alyne Rodrigues de Araujo
- Biodiversity and Biotechnology Research Center, BIOTEC, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba 64202-020, PI, Brazil;
| | - Amira Zaïri
- Biochemistry Department, LR18ES47, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia;
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Nouir S, Laouani A, Loghmari A, Bouassida K, Slim R, Bouhajeb R, Hasni Y, Saguem K, Ouni B, Zaïri A. HPLC-DAD Analysis and Investigation of Biological Properties of the Leaves of Globularia alypum (L.), Infusion Extract. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1726. [PMID: 38139852 PMCID: PMC10748358 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Globularia alypum L. (GA) belonging to the Globulariaceae family is a Mediterranean plant which is widely used in traditional Tunisian medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, anti-arthritic, antiproliferative, antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of aqueous GA leaf extracts (AGAL). Quantitative analyses of the different constituents of extracts were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection (HPLC-DAD). Spectrophotometric methods and chemical tests were used for antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities. The antiproliferative study was evaluated using colorectal cancer SW620 cells, while the antibacterial assessment and analysis of the antibiofilm effects were determined by the microdilution method and the crystal violet assay, respectively. AGAL extracts presented several components, mainly Nepetin-7-Glucoside and trans-ferrulic acid. The results showed that they had an important antioxidant (IC50 = 0.34; 0.38 and 1.20 mg/mL) and anti-arthritic (IC50 = 2.94 mg/mL) properties, and these effects are displayed in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, this extract demonstrated significant antiproliferative (IC50 = 50 µg/mL), antibacterial (MIC = 6.25 mg/mL and MBC = 6.25 mg/mL), and antibiofilm (59.70% at 25 mg/mL) properties especially against S. aureus. The results achieved confirm the important role of this plant as a source of therapeutic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Nouir
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4023, Tunisia;
| | - Aicha Laouani
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics and Applied Pharmacology (LR12/ES02), Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4023, Tunisia; (A.L.); (K.S.)
- USCR Analytical Platform UHPLC-MS & Research in Medicine and Biology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4023, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Loghmari
- Urology Department, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse 4054, Tunisia; (A.L.); (K.B.)
| | | | - Raoudha Slim
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Sousse 4023, Tunisia; (R.S.); (B.O.)
| | - Rim Bouhajeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4023, Tunisia;
| | - Yosra Hasni
- Department of Endocrinology, Farhat Hached Hospital of Sousse, Sousse 4000, Tunisia;
| | - Khaled Saguem
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biophysics and Applied Pharmacology (LR12/ES02), Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4023, Tunisia; (A.L.); (K.S.)
- USCR Analytical Platform UHPLC-MS & Research in Medicine and Biology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4023, Tunisia
| | - Bouraoui Ouni
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Sousse 4023, Tunisia; (R.S.); (B.O.)
| | - Amira Zaïri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4023, Tunisia;
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Bouassida K, Marzouk M, Nouir S, Ghammem R, Sahtout W, Ghardallou M, Fathallah N, Boukadida J, Jaidane M, Slim R, Zaïri A. Analysis of Pathogens of Urinary Tract Infections Associated with Indwelling Double-J Stents and Their Susceptibility to Globularia alypum. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2496. [PMID: 37896256 PMCID: PMC10609942 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ureteral double-J stents are frequently used to prevent urinary obstruction. They can develop bacterial colonization and encrustation, which leads to persistent infections that seldom respond to antibiotic treatment. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the local spectrum of bacterial pathogens and their susceptibility to natural compounds. A total of 59 double-J ureteral stents from 59 consecutive patients were examined. The samples were inoculated on agar culture mediums. Extracts of Globularia alypum L. were evaluated for their antibacterial activity with the diffusion and broth dilution methods; for antibiofilm activity, the crystal violet assay was used. The identification and the quantification of the different constituents of extracts were determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Bacterial growth was found in three patients (5.1%). Enterococcus faecalis (1.7%), Acinetobacter baumanii (1.7%), and Pseudomonas putida (1.7%) strains were more commonly detected. They were resistant to several common antibiotics. All extracts presented several components, mainly nepetin-7-glucoside and trans-ferulic-acid, and they had antibacterial activity (MIC = 6.25 mg/mL and MBC = 6.25 mg/mL), and antibiofilm (59.70% at 25 mg/mL) properties, especially against Acinetobacter baumanii. The results achieved confirm the important role of this plant as a source of therapeutic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manel Marzouk
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Hospital Farhat Hached, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (J.B.)
| | - Sahar Nouir
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia;
| | - Rim Ghammem
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia;
| | - Wissal Sahtout
- Nephrology Department, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse 4054, Tunisia;
| | - Meriam Ghardallou
- Department of Community Medicine, Research Laboratory LR12ES03, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia;
| | - Neila Fathallah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia; (N.F.); (R.S.)
| | - Jalel Boukadida
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Hospital Farhat Hached, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia; (M.M.); (J.B.)
| | - Mehdi Jaidane
- Urology Department, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse 4054, Tunisia; (K.B.); (M.J.)
| | - Raoudha Slim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia; (N.F.); (R.S.)
| | - Amira Zaïri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia;
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Nouir S, Dbeibia A, Bouhajeb R, Haddad H, Khélifa A, Achour L, Ghardallou M, Zaïri A. Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, Antibacterial, and Antibiofilm Effects of Globularia alypum (L.) Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104019. [PMID: 37241760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Globularia alypum L. (GA) is a Mediterranean plant of the Globulariaceae family which is widely used in traditional Tunisian medicine. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities, and the antiproliferative potential of different extracts of this plant. The identification and the quantification of the different constituents of extracts were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activities were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods and chemical tests. The antiproliferative study was based on the use of colorectal cancer SW620 cells, including an antibacterial assessment with the microdilution method and analysis of the antibiofilm effects via the crystal violet assay. All extracts presented several components, mainly sesquiterpenes, hydrocarbon, and oxygenated monoterpenes. The results revealed that the maceration extract had the most important antioxidant effect (IC50 = 0.04 and 0.15 mg/mL), followed by the sonication extract (IC50 = 0.18 and 0.28 mg/mL). However, the sonication extract demonstrated significant antiproliferative (IC50 = 20 µg/mL), antibacterial (MIC = 6.25 mg/mLand MBC > 25 mg/mL), and antibiofilm (35.78% at 25 mg/mL) properties against S. aureus. The results achieved confirm the important role of this plant as a source of therapeutic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Nouir
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Amal Dbeibia
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Rim Bouhajeb
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Houda Haddad
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
- High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Amani Khélifa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
- High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Achour
- High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ghardallou
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zaïri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4002, Tunisia
- High Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Zaïri A, Nouir S, Zarrouk A, Haddad H, khélifa A, Achour L. Phytochemical profile, cytotoxic, antioxidant, and allelopathic potentials of aqueous leaf extracts of Olea europaea. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:4805-4813. [PMID: 32994942 PMCID: PMC7500753 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although bioactivities of Olea europaea (OE) have been widely described, most of them were related to its methanolic extracts or its essential oils, While data related to aqueous extracts still very scarce. Thus, in this study, the phytochemical composition, the antioxidant activity, the cytotoxic potential, and the allelopathic potential of aqueous leaf extracts from two varieties of Olea europaea were investigated and compared. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify the constituents of the tested plants, and spectrophotometric methods to evaluate antioxidant activities. The cytotoxic potential was investigated using murine oligodendrocytes (158N) while germination seeds' test was used for allelopathic activity. HPLC analysis showed the presence of 10 phenolic compounds in both extracts. Chemlali variety showed the highest antioxidant and allelopathic activities. Regarding the cytotoxicity effect, a significant increase in cell viability was observed with both of our extracts compared to untreated cells. These results confirm that aqueous extracts from OE produce a range of substances with potential antioxidant, antifungal, and allelopathic effects without toxic effects. Thus, they could be used as an alternative of chemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zaïri
- Laboratory of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineSousseTunisia
| | - Sahar Nouir
- Laboratory of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineSousseTunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Laboratory of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineSousseTunisia
| | - Houda Haddad
- Laboratory of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineSousseTunisia
| | - Améni khélifa
- Laboratory of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineSousseTunisia
| | - Lotfi Achour
- Laboraory BIOVALHigh Institute of BiotechnologyMonastirTunisia
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Zaïri A, Nouir S, Khalifa MA, Ouni B, Haddad H, Khelifa A, Trabelsi M. Phytochemical Analysis and Assessment of Biological Properties of Essential Oils Obtained from Thyme and Rosmarinus Species. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:414-424. [PMID: 31738133 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666191019124630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant species Thymus algeriensis (TA); Thymus capitatus (TC) and Rosmarinus officinalis (RO), are widely used in traditional medicine in Tunisia. The bioactivities of their essential oils have also been reported previously. The main objective of this work was to assess the phytochemical composition, the antioxidant activity, cytotoxic potential and the antibacterial, antifungal, of the essential oil (EO) of these plants. METHODS Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify and quantify the constituents of the tested EO. Chemical tests, and spectrophotometric methods were used for antioxidant activities and for the screening and quantification of phytochemicals. The cytotoxic potential of the EO was checked using HCT 116 cultures. The extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial potential by the microdilution method. Antifungal activities were tested using the Poisoned food technique against Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. RESULTS The EO of tested plants presented several components, mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The results revealed that T. capitatus EO is not toxic compared to the other tested samples. Phenolic compounds were detected and this EO showed excellent antioxidant activity presenting dosedependent relationship. Regarding antimicrobial activity, T. capitatus EO, also had the highest inhibition against all tested bacteria and fungi. CONCLUSION This study showed the importance of the bioactivities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, and safety potential) of EOs of the plant species TC, RO, and TA used in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zaïri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse Tunisia, 4002 Sousse, Tunisia.,Laboratory BIOLIVAL, High Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sahar Nouir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse Tunisia, 4002 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed A Khalifa
- Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Department, Sahloul Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Bouraoui Ouni
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse Tunisia 4002 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Houda Haddad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse Tunisia, 4002 Sousse, Tunisia.,Laboratory BIOLIVAL, High Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Améni Khelifa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse Tunisia, 4002 Sousse, Tunisia.,Laboratory BIOLIVAL, High Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mounir Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Cytogenetic, Molecular Biology and Biology of Reproduction, University of Tunis El-Manar, El-Manar, Tunisia
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Bergaoui I, Zaïri A, Gharsallah H, Aouni M, Hammami A, Hani K, Selmi B. The in vitro evaluation of anti-chlamydial and cytotoxic properties of dermaseptin S4 and derivatives: peptides from amphibian skin. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zaïri A, Tangy F, Hani K. Dermaseptin S4derivative K4K20S4: A potential candidate for development of a new microbicide contraceptive agent – anin vitrostudy. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2013; 18:79-87. [DOI: 10.3109/13625187.2013.769950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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