The Intersection of Stress, Health, and Health Care Opportunities for Appalachian Transgender and Nonbinary People: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Transgender or nonbinary (TNB) individuals in the United States South experience higher rates of physical and mental health disparities when compared to their cisgender counterparts. Societal, interpersonal, and individual stigmas contribute to these disparities by increasing the levels of stress in the TNB population, which is a primary factor in higher morbidity and mortality. However, there is a paucity of research examining the impact of these stigmas on health through the lived experiences of TNB people living in Appalachia. An interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) research design was used to collect and analyze semi-structured interviews with TNB individuals living in Appalachia. Transcribed interviews were analyzed repeatedly by two analysts to identify emergent themes which focused on understanding an individual's lived experiences through interpretation. Ten participants from four Appalachian states within three Appalachian sub-regions participated in this study. Three shared healthcare themes were identified: experiences of stigma related to gender, the impact of stigma on personal wellbeing and perception of health, and the need for affirming TNB healthcare services. Respondents noted that chronic stress factors such as continual and compounding experiences of stigma and discrimination, stemming from religion or lack of affirming providers, negatively impacted their health. TNB individuals living in Appalachia experience chronic societal, interpersonal, and individual stressors that negatively impact their health. By addressing the stigmas, public health leaders, policymakers, and providers can improve access to health care and the health and quality of life of Appalachian TNB people.

It makes you keep trying: Life review writing for older adults

Life review writing produces numerous psychosocial benefits for older adults, who are at risk for isolation and depression. This article shares findings from a study that examined the experiences of older adults participating in a life review writing group. The impact of gender composition on the group dynamic was also explored. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, this study explored the experiences of six women and one man who participated in a life review writing group. Six unifying themes emerged from the research findings: (1) legacy, (2) connecting with others, (3) reflection, (4) vitality, (5) structure of the group, and (6) gender dynamics. Implications for theory, practice, and research are discussed.