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Ávila-Ramírez ML, Reyes-Reyes AL, Avila-Bonilla RG, Salas-Benito M, Cerecedo D, Ramírez-Moreno ME, Villagrán-Herrera ME, Mercado-Curiel RF, Salas-Benito JS. Differential Gene Expression Pattern of Importin β3 and NS5 in C6/36 Cells Acutely and Persistently Infected with Dengue Virus 2. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020191. [PMID: 36839463 PMCID: PMC9966734 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of persistent dengue virus infection within the cells of the mosquito vector is an essential requirement for viral transmission to a new human host. The mechanisms involved in the establishment and maintenance of persistent infection are not well understood, but it has been suggested that both viral and cellular factors might play an important role. In the present work, we evaluated differential gene expression in Aedes albopictus cells acutely (C6/36-HT) and persistently infected (C6-L) with Dengue virus 2 by cDNA-AFLP. We observed that importin β3 was upregulated in noninfected cells compared with C6-L cells. Using RT-qPCR and plaque assays, we observed that Dengue virus levels in C6-L cells essentially do not vary over time, and peak viral titers in acutely infected cells are observed at 72 and 120 h postinfection. The expression level of importin β3 was higher in acutely infected cells than in persistently infected cells; this correlates with higher levels of NS5 in the nucleus of the cell. The differential pattern of importin β3 expression between acute and persistent infection with Dengue virus 2 could be a mechanism to maintain viral infection over time, reducing the antiviral response of the cell and the viral replicative rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Leticia Ávila-Ramírez
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Reyes-Reyes
- Campo Experimental Rosario Izapa, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuaria, Tuxtla Chico, Chis 30878, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Gamaliel Avila-Bonilla
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
| | - Mariana Salas-Benito
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - Doris Cerecedo
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | - María Esther Ramírez-Moreno
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
| | | | - Ricardo Francisco Mercado-Curiel
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76176, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.F.M.-C.); (J.S.S.-B.)
| | - Juan Santiago Salas-Benito
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07320, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.F.M.-C.); (J.S.S.-B.)
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Sachman-Ruíz B, Wong-Villarreal A, Aguilar-Marcelino L, Lozano-Aguirre LF, Espinosa-Zaragoza S, Reyes-Reyes AL, Sanzón-Gómez D, Mireles-Arriaga AI, Romero-Tirado R, Rocha-Martínez MK, Pérez-de la Rosa JD, Sánchez-Cruz R, Gómez-Gutiérrez JA. Nematicidal, Acaricidal and Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Enterobacter Endophytic Strains and Identification of Genes Associated with These Biological Activities in the Genomes. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3136. [PMID: 36432865 PMCID: PMC9695364 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the nematicidal and acaricidal activity of three Enterobacter endophytic strains isolated from Mimosa pudica nodules was evaluated. The percentages of mortality of Enterobacter NOD4 against Panagrellus redivivus was 81.2%, and against Nacobbus aberrans 70.1%, Enterobacter NOD8 72.4% and 62.5%, and Enterobacter NOD10 64.8% and 58.7%, respectively. While against the Tyrophagus putrescentiae mite, the mortality percentages were 68.2% due to Enterobacter NOD4, 64.3% due to Enterobacter NOD8 and 77.8% due to Enterobacter NOD10. On the other hand, the ability of the three Enterobacter strains to produce indole acetic acid and phosphate solubilization, characteristics related to plant growth-promoting bacteria, was detected. Bioinformatic analysis of the genomes showed the presence of genes related to IAA production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation. Phylogenetic analyzes of the recA gene, phylogenomics, and average nucleotide identity (ANI) allowed us to identify the strain Enterobacter NOD8 related to E. mori and Enterobacter NOD10 as E. asburiae, while Enterobacter NOD4 was identified as a possible new species of this species. The plant growth-promoting, acaricidal and nematicidal activity of the three Enterobacter strains makes them a potential agent to include in biocontrol alternatives and as growth-promoting bacteria in crops of agricultural interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Sachman-Ruíz
- CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico
| | - Arnoldo Wong-Villarreal
- División Agroalimentaria, Universidad Tecnológica de la Selva, Carretera Ocosingo-Altamirano, km 0.5, Ocosingo 29950, Mexico
| | - Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino
- National Center for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Safety (INIFAP), Km 11 Federal Road Cuernavaca-Cuautla, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico
| | | | - Saúl Espinosa-Zaragoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Huehuetán 30660, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Reyes-Reyes
- National Institute of Forestry Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Campo Experimental Rosario Izapa, Tuxtla Chico 30870, Mexico
| | - Diana Sanzón-Gómez
- Departamento de Agronomía, División Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Irapuato 36500, Mexico
| | - Ana Isabel Mireles-Arriaga
- Departamento de Agronomía, División Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Irapuato 36500, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Romero-Tirado
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Huehuetán 30660, Mexico
| | - Marisol Karina Rocha-Martínez
- Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico
| | - Juan Diego Pérez-de la Rosa
- Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
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