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Jacobus AP, Barreto JA, de Bem LS, Menegon YA, Fier Í, Bueno JGR, Dos Santos LV, Gross J. EasyGuide Plasmids Support in Vivo Assembly of gRNAs for CRISPR/Cas9 Applications in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3886-3891. [PMID: 36257021 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Most CRISPR/Cas9 applications in yeast rely on a plasmid-based expression of Cas9 and its guide RNA (gRNA) containing a 20-nucleotides (nts) spacer tailored to each genomic target. The lengthy assembly of this customized gRNA requires at least 3-5 days for its precloning in Escherichia coli, purification, validation, and cotransformation with Cas9 into a yeast strain. Here, we constructed a series of 12 EasyGuide plasmids to simplify CRISPR/Cas9 applications in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The new vectors provide templates for generating PCR fragments that can assemble up to six functional gRNAs directly into yeasts via homologous recombination between the 20-nts spacers. By dispensing precloning in E. coli, yeast in vivo gRNA assembly significantly reduces the CRISPR/Cas9 experimental workload. A highly efficient yeast genome editing procedure, involving PCR amplification of gRNAs and donors, followed by their transformation into a Cas9-expressing strain, can be easily accomplished through a quick protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Jacobus
- Institute for Bioenergy Research, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ph.D. Program in Bioenergy, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Joneclei A Barreto
- Institute for Bioenergy Research, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ph.D. Program in Bioenergy, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas S de Bem
- Institute for Bioenergy Research, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Yasmine A Menegon
- Institute for Bioenergy Research, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ph.D. Program in Bioenergy, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ícaro Fier
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - João G R Bueno
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Leandro V Dos Santos
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
- SENAI Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, São Paulo 01130-000, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Gross
- Institute for Bioenergy Research, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
- Ph.D. Program in Bioenergy, Sao Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13500-230, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
FSH and testosterone exert different regulatory effects on the seminiferous epithelium; they act through multiple and complex signaling routes to direct the development of the germ cells into mature spermatozoa. In addition to their well-known pathways of action, both hormones have recently been recognized to have new signaling routes that are linked to the Ca(2+) ion, including, among others, the regulation of cell proliferation by FSH and the regulation of cell migration by testosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Loss
- Departamento de Fisiologia, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Grillo ML, Jacobus AP, Scalco R, Amaral F, Rodrigues DO, Loss ES, Wassermann GF. Testosterone rapidly stimulates insulin release from isolated pancreatic islets through a non-genomic dependent mechanism. Horm Metab Res 2005; 37:662-5. [PMID: 16308833 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-870575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The action of testosterone on the 45Ca2+ uptake and insulin secretion was studied in short-term experiments using isolated pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Testosterone (1 microM) stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake within 60 seconds of incubation on similar proportion than tolbutamide. Also, the hormone rapidly increased insulin release (34%; 180 seconds) on the presence of non-stimulatory concentrations of glucose (3 mM). Impermeant testosterone-BSA significantly stimulated the secretion of insulin to a lower percentage (10%). The action of the hormone is specific--neither 17beta-E2 nor progesterone stimulated insulin secretion in the presence of 3 mM glucose. The action of testosterone on insulin secretion was dose-dependent, and at rat plasma physiological concentrations (25 nM), stimulus was 17% (p < 0.05). In conclusion, in isolated pancreatic islets experiments, physiological concentration of testosterone rapidly stimulate insulin secretion and 45Ca2+ uptake through a membrane bound mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Grillo
- Departamento de Fisiologia, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Jacobus AP, Rodrigues DO, Borba PF, Loss ES, Wassermann GF. Isoproterenol opens K+(ATP) channels via a beta2-adrenoceptor-linked mechanism in Sertoli cells from immature rats. Horm Metab Res 2005; 37:198-204. [PMID: 15952077 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-861414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the mechanism by which isoproterenol hyperpolarises membrane potential (MP) in Sertoli cells from seminiferous tubules of 15-day-old rat testes. Modification of MP and resistance (R0) was analysed using conventional intracellular glass microelectrodes. Isoproterenol (2 x 10(-6) M) induced an immediate and significant hyperpolarisation in the Sertoli-cell membrane. The beta2-AR antagonist, butoxamine (1 x 10(-6) M), nullified isoproterenol action. The effect of the beta1 antagonist, metoprolol (1 x 10(-6) M), was light and non-significant. Sulphonylurea glibenclamide inhibition of the K+(ATP) channels suppressed isoproterenol action, and testosterone, while depolarising Sertoli-cell MP closing the K+(ATP) channels through the PLC/PIP2 pathway, reduced beta-AR agonist-induced hyperpolarisation. Also, polycations LaCl3 and spermine reversed isoproterenol's hyperpolarisation effect, probably depolarising the membrane potential through ionic interaction neutralising the action of isoproterenol on K+(ATP) channels. Adenylate cyclase agonist forskolin (0.1 microM) rapidly hyperpolarised Sertoli-cell MP, mimicking the isoproterenol effect. These effects indicate that isoproterenol's action on K+(ATP) channel probably involves the known signalling cascade beta-AR/Gs/AC/cAMP/PKA. These results suggest that the isoproterenol-induced hyperpolarisation is mediated by the opening of K+(ATP) channels in Sertoli cells. This beta-adrenergic hyperpolarisation might play a physiological role in the modulation of MP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Jacobus
- Departamento de Fisiologia ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Loss ES, Jacobsen M, Costa ZS, Jacobus AP, Borelli F, Wassermann GF. Testosterone modulates K(+)ATP channels in Sertoli cell membrane via the PLC-PIP2 pathway. Horm Metab Res 2004; 36:519-25. [PMID: 15326560 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone at physiological intratesticular concentrations induces a dose-dependent depolarisation and an increase in input resistance together with an increment of 45Ca2+ uptake in the Sertoli cells from seminiferous tubules of immature rat. Previous studies have implicated K(+)ATP channels in these testosterone actions. This study demonstrates that testosterone and sulphonylureas (glibenclamide and tolbutamide) depolarise the membrane potential, augment resistance and 45Ca2+ uptake in the Sertoli cells of seminiferous tubules from 10-15 day-old rats. These actions were nullified by the presence of the K(+)ATP channel opener diazoxide. The depolarisation was also observed with the impermeant bovine serum albumin-bound testosterone. Testosterone actions were blocked by both pertussis toxin and the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122 implying the involvement of PLC - phosphatidylinositol 4-5 bisphosphate (PIP2) hydrolysis via G protein in testosterone actions. Polycations, including spermine and LaCl3, depolarised the membrane potential and increased the resistance. Hyperpolarisation caused by EGTA was reversed by LaCl3 and by the presence of testosterone. This last effect was nullified by the presence of U73122. All of the above results indicate that the action of testosterone on the Sertoli cell membrane is exercised on the K(+)ATP channels through PLC-PIP2 hydrolysis that closes the channel, depolarises the membrane, and stimulates 45Ca2+ uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Loss
- Departamento de Fisiologia ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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