Volpe-Chaves CE, Rodrigues ACS, Lacerda MLGG, de Oliveira CTF, Castilho SB, Franciscato C, Santos ICDO, Assef APDC, Roever L, de Oliveira SMDVL, Paniago AMM. Melioidosis, an emerging infectious disease in the Midwest Brazil: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore) 2019;
98:e15235. [PMID:
31008955 PMCID:
PMC6494395 DOI:
10.1097/md.0000000000015235]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE
Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease in Brazil and caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, with high morbidity and mortality rates. A total of 28 melioidosis cases were reported in Brazil until 2015. The majority of melioidosis cases were reported in the Northwest region of Brazil and such cases were not previously detected in the Midwest region of Brazil.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 42-year-old man was admitted with a non-productive cough, dyspnea, myalgia, diffuse abdominal pain. Pulmonary auscultation revealed a vesicular murmur, snoring sounds, and the presence of basal crackling rales in the left hemithorax. The patient evolved with several respiratory failures and he was diagnosed as the first case of community-acquired pneumonia with sepsis caused by B pseudomallei in Mato Grosso do Sul, Midwest state of Brazil.
DIAGNOSIS
The cell isolates were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing to confirm the bacterial species.
INTERVENTIONS
Administration of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and meropenem stabilized the clinical condition of the patient. Subsequently upon discharge, the patient was also treated with trimethoprim/sulfametothoxazole for a year.
OUTCOME
We reported the first case of community-acquired pneumonia with sepsis caused by B pseudomallei in Mato Grosso do Sul, Midwest state of Brazil and the patient survived.
LESSONS
The emergence of melioidosis in the Midwest region is being neglected and underestimated and melioidosis must be considered of the differential diagnosis in community infections.
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