1
|
Shafi KM, Padhye A, Chandrashekar CM. Quantum illumination using polarization-path entangled single photons for low reflectivity object detection in a noisy background. Opt Express 2023; 31:32093-32104. [PMID: 37859019 DOI: 10.1364/oe.496776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Detecting object with low reflectivity embedded within a noisy background is a challenging task. Quantum correlations between pairs of quantum states of light, though are highly sensitive to background noise and losses, offer advantages over traditional illumination methods. Instead of using correlated photon pairs which are sensitive, we experimentally demonstrate the advantage of using heralded single-photons entangled in polarization and path degree of freedom for quantum illumination. In the study, the object of different reflectivity is placed along the path of the signal in a variable thermal background before taking the joint measurements and calculating the quantum correlations. We show the significant advantage of using non-interferometric measurements along the multiple paths for single photon to isolate the signal from the background noise and outperform in detecting and ranging the low reflectivity objects even when the signal-to-noise ratio is as low as 0.03. Decrease in visibility of polarization along the signal path also results in similar observations. This will have direct relevance to the development of single-photon based quantum LiDAR and quantum imaging.
Collapse
|
2
|
Matsui R, Yamaguchi K, Lee JJV, Ting I, Khairilisani D, Chang J, Seo JM, Park I, Chee ASM, Quizon PM, Harnpramukkul U, Sem E, Nguyen T, Padhye A, Mo R. Survey Result for E-labeling Initiatives in Asia. Ther Innov Regul Sci 2023; 57:251-260. [PMID: 36215028 PMCID: PMC9549856 DOI: 10.1007/s43441-022-00462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Under the COVID-19 pandemic, various electronic labeling initiatives have accelerated worldwide in the healthcare and pharmaceutical fields as part of a wider digital transformation [1, 2]. Although there is no universal definition of electronic labeling (e-labeling) globally, it is widely understood that e-labeling refers to the product information that is distributed via electronic means. There are 5 factors to be considered in e-labeling, and these are discussed in this publication. APAC is an industry-driven initiative with 13 R&D-based pharmaceutical associations joining from 11 markets in Asia. e-labeling was discussed as a new topic starting in 2020, and a 22-question survey was conducted in November 2021 to understand the current e-labeling status. The survey results showed that e-labeling initiatives were at different levels of maturity in the Asian region, although most markets have started to discuss e-labeling initiatives. Various challenges exist around e-labeling initiatives due to a variety of different approaches being taken in the region. It would be advisable to develop regional guidance on how to proceed with e-labeling initiatives in the Asian region to have a consistent and efficient approach. The close collaboration between agencies, Health Care Professionals (HCPs), patients, and industry associations is important to move e-labeling initiatives forward in Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koji Yamaguchi
- grid.419841.10000 0001 0673 6017Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ivy Ting
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | - Ina Park
- GE Healthcare AS Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Ellen Sem
- Present Address: Takeda Pharmaceuticals International AG, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.497554.eJohnson & Johnson Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Runyi Mo
- grid.492904.20000 0004 0638 9248Pfizer Limited (India), Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Devi K, Padhye A, Ebrahim-Zadeh M. Widely tunable room-temperature continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator based on periodically-poled KTiOPO 4. Opt Express 2019; 27:24093-24104. [PMID: 31510303 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.024093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first realization of widely tunable continuous-wave (cw) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on periodically-poled KTiOPO4 (PPKTP) at room temperature. By exploiting fan-out grating design in a 30-mm PPKTP crystal, and configured in an output-coupled singly-resonant oscillator (OC-SRO) configuration pumped at 532 nm in the green, the OPO provides finely tunable radiation across 741-922 nm in the signal and 1258-1884 nm in the idler, at a fixed temperature of 25 °C. The use of output coupling for the signal wave enables enhancement of OPO extraction efficiency to 30%, providing a maximum total output power of 1.65 W (450 mW of signal at 901 nm and 1.2 W of idler at 1299 nm) for 5.5 W of pump power. The output idler exhibits passive power stability better than 3.2% rms over >2 mins, and the extracted signal exhibits frequency stability of 194 MHz over more than 35 seconds, in excellent beam quality. The OPO performance in pure SRO configuration has also been investigated.
Collapse
|
4
|
Meng L, Padhye A, Pedersen C, Ebrahim-Zadeh M, Rodrigo PJ. SHG (532 nm)-induced spontaneous parametric downconversion noise in 1064-nm-pumped IR upconversion detectors. Opt Lett 2019; 44:1670-1673. [PMID: 30933118 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.001670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a novel technique for infrared detection, frequency upconversion has been successfully deployed in many applications. However, investigations into the noise properties of upconversion detectors (UCDs) have also received considerable attention. In this Letter, to the best of our knowledge, we present a new noise source-second-harmonic generation (SHG)-induced spontaneous parametric downconversion-experimentally and theoretically shown to exist in short-wavelength-pumped UCDs. We investigate the noise properties of two UCDs based on single-pass 1064-nm-pumped periodically poled LiNbO3 bulk crystals. One UCD is designed to detect signals in the telecom band and the other in the mid-infrared regime. Our experimental demonstration and theoretical analysis reveal the basic properties of this newly discovered UCD noise source, including its dependence on crystal temperature and pump power. Furthermore, the principle behind the generation of this noise source can also be applied to other UCDs, which utilize nonlinear crystals either in waveguide form or with different bulk materials. This study may also aid in developing methods to suppress the newly identified noise in future UCD designs.
Collapse
|
5
|
Devi K, Padhye A, Schunemann PG, Ebrahim-Zadeh M. Multimilliwatt, tunable, continuous-wave, mid-infrared generation across 4.6-4.7 μm based on orientation-patterned gallium phosphide. Opt Lett 2018; 43:2284-2287. [PMID: 29762573 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.002284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the generation of tunable continuous-wave (cw) mid-infrared (mid-IR) radiation across 4608-4694 nm using the new nonlinear material, orientation-patterned gallium phosphide (OP-GaP). By exploiting difference-frequency mixing between a cw Tm-fiber laser and a home-built cw optical parametric oscillator in a 40-mm-long crystal, we have generated up to 43 mW of cw output power, with >30 mW across >95% of the mid-IR tuning range. The output at 4608 nm exhibits high beam quality with a passive power stability of 2.5% rms over 1.5 min. The temperature acceptance bandwidth of the OP-GaP crystal has been measured and compared with theory. The performance of the mid-IR source at high pump powers and polarization-dependent transmission in OP-GaP has been investigated.
Collapse
|
6
|
Padhye A, Midha T, Martolia D, Kumar A, Gupta A, Mittal P, Papne B, Rao Y. Variation in the clinical presentation of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children: A hospital based study in Kanpur, India. J PEDIAT INF DIS-GER 2015. [DOI: 10.3233/jpi-140434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Midha
- Department of Community Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Kannauj, India
| | - D.S. Martolia
- Department of Community Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Kannauj, India
| | | | - A. Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India
| | - P. Mittal
- Department of Pediatrics, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India
| | - B. Papne
- Department of Pediatrics, Govt. Medical College, Ambedkarnagar, India
| | - Y.K. Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bapat S, Kashyapi B, Padhye A, Yadav P, Mahajan P, Bhave A, Sovani Y, Kshirsagar Y. MP-1.13: Sub-epididymal Orchidectomy for Metastatic Carcinoma Prostate: A Point of Technique. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
8
|
Bapat S, Yadav P, Padhye A, Mahajan P, Bhave A. MP-21.14: Dorsal onlay urethroplasty: our experience in 73 patients. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
9
|
Bapat S, Padhye A, Yadav P, Bhave A, Mahajan P, Purnapatre S, Pai K. POS-03.30: Is pre-op stenting routinely required prior to retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS)? Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Bapat S, Purnapatre S, Pai K, Yadav P, Padhye A. V-02.07. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Bapat S, Pai K, Purnapatre S, Yadav P, Padhye A. V-02.06. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
12
|
Hajjeh R, McDonnell S, Reef S, Licitra C, Hankins M, Toth B, Padhye A, Kaufman L, Pasarell L, Cooper C, Hutwagner L, Hopkins R, McNeil M. Outbreak of sporotrichosis among tree nursery workers. J Infect Dis 1997; 176:499-504. [PMID: 9237718 DOI: 10.1086/514070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In spring 1994, an outbreak of sporotrichosis occurred at a tree nursery in Florida; 9 (14%) of 65 workers involved in production of sphagnum moss topiaries developed lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis. A cohort study of all 65 employees was conducted to identify risk factors for sporotrichosis, and an environmental investigation was done. The risk of sporotrichosis increased significantly with the duration of working with sphagnum moss (P < .05), in particular with filling topiaries (P < .05), and with having less gardening experience (P < .05). Wearing gloves was protective (P < .005). Sporothrix schenckii was cultured from patients and sphagnum moss used in topiary production. Use of restriction fragment length polymorphism revealed an identical pattern for patient isolates that was different from the patterns of environmental isolates. Physicians should be aware of sporotrichosis in patients with ulcerative skin lesions who have a history of occupational or recreational exposure to sphagnum moss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Hajjeh
- Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fridkin SK, Kremer FB, Bland LA, Padhye A, McNeil MM, Jarvis WR. Acremonium kiliense endophthalmitis that occurred after cataract extraction in an ambulatory surgical center and was traced to an environmental reservoir. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22:222-7. [PMID: 8838176 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/22.2.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During October and November 1993, four patients contracted Acremonium kiliense endophthalmitis at one ambulatory surgical center. We hypothesized that the source was environmental and conducted a matched case-control study, environmental evaluation, and observational studies. Case and control patients were similar in clinical characteristics. However, case patients all had surgery on the first operative day of the week or had surgery significantly sooner after the operating room opened than did controls (a median of 46 vs. 150 minutes afterward; P = .03). An environmental review revealed the ventilation system was switched on 5-30 minutes before procedures began on the first operative day of the week, and air was filtered before but not after humidification. Cultures of the humidifier water in the ventilation system yielded A. kiliense phenotypically identical to isolates from case patients. Our data suggest that switching on the ventilation system each week aerosolized a reservoir of A. kiliense and caused infection of patients. We believe this is the first reported outbreak of fungal endophthalmitis traced to an environmental source, and it underscores the importance of utilizing established hospital infection control practices in the outpatient setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Fridkin
- Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dworzack DL, Pollock AS, Hodges GR, Barnes WG, Ajello L, Padhye A. Zygomycosis of the maxillary sinus and palate caused by Basidiobolus haptosporus. Arch Intern Med 1978; 138:1274-6. [PMID: 567045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Basidiobolus haptosporus is known to cause subcutaneous zygomycosis in tropical Africa and Asia. We cared for a 49-year-old hyperglycemic, asplenic man who had never traveled outside the United States and who was seen initially for a painless palatal ulcer with cutaneous hypesthesia of the right cheek and upper lip. An invasive process involved the right middle nasal turbinate, maxillary antrum, maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve, and bony palate. Histological examination of biopsy tissue showed necrotizing granulomata with broad, nonseptate hyphae. Basidiobolus haptosporus was cultured from this tissue. Various laboratory studies revealed no immunologic defect and his lesions responded to therapy with amphotericin B. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of zygomycosis caused by B haptosporus in the Americas and the first culture-documented case of invasive mycosis caused by this mold.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ajello L, Kuttin ES, Beemer AM, Kaplan W, Padhye A. Occurrence of Histoplasma capsulatum Darling, 1906 in Israel, with a review of the current status of histoplasmosis in the Middle East. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1977; 26:140-7. [PMID: 842775 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1977.26.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from a bat cave in the Galilee region of Israel is reported along with the discovery of a bat (Myotis myotis) infected by H. capsulatum. Soils collected in avian and chiropteran habitats throughout Israel also yielded the following fungi of medical interest: Arthroderma quadrifidum, A. tuberculatum, Candida parapsilosis, Chrysosporium indicum, C. keratinophilum, C. tropicum, Cryptococcus neoformans, Ctenomyces serratus, Microsporum gypseum, and Petriellidium boydii. All available reports concerning the occurrence of H. capsulatum and histoplasmosis in the Middle East are critically reviewed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The first European case of swine infection by Microsporum nanum is reported. The infected pig came from a farm in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. European records of human and lower animal infections by this fungus and soil isolation records are discussed.
Collapse
|
17
|
|