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Cerne D, Losa M, Mattioli P, Lechiara A, Rebella G, Roccatagliata L, Arnaldi D, Schenone A, Morbelli S, Benedetti L, Massa F. Incident anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis during dementia with Lewy bodies: when Occam razor is a double-edged sword. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 387:578291. [PMID: 38237526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
In Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), rapid cognitive decline and seizures seldom complicate the typical clinical course. Nevertheless, concurrent, treatable conditions may be responsible. We report a case of DLB with superimposed anti-LGI1 encephalitis, emphasizing the importance of thorough diagnostic reasoning beyond the simplest explanation amid distinct clinical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Cerne
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mattia Losa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pietro Mattioli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anastasia Lechiara
- Autoimmunity Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rebella
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Roccatagliata
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Dario Arnaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angelo Schenone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luana Benedetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Massa
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
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Villalta D, Fabris M, Verriello L, Grizzo F, Mobilia EM, Lechiara A, Pesce G. Acetylcholine receptor and muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibodies detection: is it time for a change? Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:e189-e191. [PMID: 37013597 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Villalta
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, S. Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Martina Fabris
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Verriello
- Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Grizzo
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, S. Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | | | - Anastasia Lechiara
- Autoimmunity Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Giampaola Pesce
- Autoimmunity Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Autoimmunity Laboratory, Department of internal Medicine and Specialties (DiMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Gastaldi M, Scaranzin S, Pietro B, Lechiara A, Pesce G, Franciotta D, Lorusso L. Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes: Transitioning Between the Old and the New. Curr Oncol Rep 2022; 24:1237-1249. [PMID: 35476177 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-022-01279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are caused by nervous system-targeting aberrant anti-tumoral immune responses. We review the updated criteria for PNS diagnosis, incorporating novel information on clinical phenotypes, neuronal autoantibodies (Nabs), and tumors. The impact of the oncologic use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) on PNS occurrence is also addressed. RECENT FINDINGS Clinical phenotypes and Nabs are redefined as "high/intermediate/low" risk, following the frequency of cancer association. Nabs, the diagnostic hallmark of PNS, can target intracellular or surface neuronal proteins, with important prognostic and pathogenic implications. Many novel assays have been incorporated into laboratory diagnostics, that is becoming increasingly complex. ICI fight tumors, but favor autoimmunity, thus increasing the incidence of PNS-like disorders. Overcoming the old PNS criteria, the new ones are centered around the presence of tumor. Clinical presentation, Nabs, and tumor findings are translated in diagnostic scores, providing a useful tool for PNS diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Gastaldi
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Scaranzin
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Anastasia Lechiara
- Autoimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Giampaola Pesce
- Autoimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine (Dimi), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Diego Franciotta
- Autoimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lorusso
- Neurology and Stroke Unit, Neuroscience Department, A.S.S.T.-Lecco, Merate (LC), Italy
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Santamaria S, Gagliani MC, Bellese G, Marconi S, Lechiara A, Dameri M, Aiello C, Tagliatti E, Castagnola P, Cortese K. Imaging of Endocytic Trafficking and Extracellular Vesicles Released Under Neratinib Treatment in ERBB2 + Breast Cancer Cells. J Histochem Cytochem 2021; 69:461-473. [PMID: 34126793 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211026297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers (BCa) with ERBB2 amplification show rapid tumor growth, increased disease progression, and lower survival rate. Deregulated intracellular trafficking and extracellular vesicle (EVs) release are mechanisms that support cancer progression and resistance to treatments. Neratinib (NE) is a Food and Drug Administration-approved pan-ERBB inhibitor employed for the treatment of ERBB2+ BCa that blocks signaling and causes survival inhibition. However, the effects of NE on ERBB2 internalization, its trafficking to multivesicular bodies (MVBs), and the release of EVs that originate from these organelles remain poorly studied. By confocal and electron microscopy, we observed that low nanomolar doses of NE induced a modest ERBB2 internalization along with an increase of clathrin-mediated endocytosis and of the CD63+ MVB compartment in SKBR-3 cells. Furthermore, we showed in the culture supernatant two distinct EV subsets, based on their size and ERBB2 positivity: small (30-100 nm) ERBB2- EVs and large (>100 nm) ERBB2+ EVs. In particular, we found that NE increased the overall release of EVs, which displayed a reduced ERBB2 positivity compared with controls. Taken together, these results provide novel insight into the effects of NE on ERBB2+ BCa cells that may lead to a reduction of ERBB2 potentially transferred to distant target cells by EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Santamaria
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gagliani
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Grazia Bellese
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Marconi
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Anastasia Lechiara
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Dameri
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Aiello
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Erica Tagliatti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Katia Cortese
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
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D'Alesio C, Bellese G, Gagliani MC, Lechiara A, Dameri M, Grasselli E, Lanfrancone L, Cortese K, Castagnola P. The chromodomain helicase CHD4 regulates ERBB2 signaling pathway and autophagy in ERBB2 + breast cancer cells. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.038323. [PMID: 30967373 PMCID: PMC6504000 DOI: 10.1242/bio.038323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromodomain helicase DNA-binding 4 (CHD4), a member of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylases (NuRD) complex, has been identified as an oncogene that modulates proliferation and migration of breast cancers (BC). ERBB2 is an oncogenic driver in 20–30% of BC in which its overexpression leads to increased chemoresistance. Here we investigated whether CHD4 depletion affects the ERBB2 cascade and autophagy, which represents a mechanism of resistance against Trastuzumab (Tz), a therapeutic anti-ERBB2 antibody. We show that CHD4 depletion in two ERBB2+ BC cell lines strongly inhibits cell proliferation, induces p27KIP1 upregulation, Tyr1248 ERBB2 phosphorylation, ERK1/2 and AKT dephosphorylation, and downregulation of both ERBB2 and PI3K levels. Moreover, CHD4 silencing impairs late stages of autophagy, resulting in increased levels of LC3 II and SQSTM1/p62, lysosomal enlargement and accumulation of autolysosomes (ALs). Importantly, we show that CHD4 depletion and concomitant treatment with Tz prevent cell proliferation in vitro. Our results suggest that CHD4 plays a critical role in modulating cell proliferation, ERBB2 signaling cascade and autophagy and provide new insights on CHD4 as a potential target for the treatment of ERBB2+ BC. Summary: Inhibition of CHD4 expression impairs cell proliferation and survival through downregulation of ERBB2 signaling and block of autophagy. Therefore, CHD4 should be considered a potential target in ERBB2+ breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina D'Alesio
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, Università di Genova, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132, Genova, Italy.,DIMI, Department of Internal Medicine, Pharmacology, Università di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Grazia Bellese
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, Università di Genova, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gagliani
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, Università di Genova, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Anastasia Lechiara
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, Università di Genova, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Dameri
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, Università di Genova, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Grasselli
- DISTAV, Department of Earth, Environment and Life science, Università di Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Luisa Lanfrancone
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Katia Cortese
- DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, Università di Genova, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Patrizio Castagnola
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genova, Italy
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