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Levi L, Zamora D, Nastas I, Gonen I, Radu P, Matei V, Ciobanu AM, Nacu A, Boronin L, Karakrah L, Davidson M, Davis JM, Weiser M. Add-On Pramipexole for the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2022; 83. [PMID: 35921506 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.21m14233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Several small clinical trials have reported that the dopamine agonist pramipexole was beneficial in treating patients with schizophrenia. A confirmatory trial was conducted to test this hypothesis. Methods: This 16-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study included 200 subjects meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Patients were randomized to receive either pramipexole (0.75 mg twice daily, n = 100) or placebo (n = 100) as an add-on to their regular antipsychotic treatment. The primary outcome measure was the total score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); secondary outcome measures included PANSS subscale and cognitive functioning scores. Recruitment was performed in 30 sites in Romania and 1 site in the Republic of Moldova between January and June 2011. Results: Analysis of covariance models showed no significant difference between pramipexole and placebo for total PANSS (P > .99) and PANSS positive (P > .99), negative (P = .73), and general psychopathology (P = .99) subscale scores. Changes in Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale and Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia scores showed no significant difference between pramipexole and placebo. Conclusions: The results of this large randomized controlled trial indicated that pramipexole was not efficacious as an add-on to antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01320982.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Levi
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Igor Nastas
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chișinău, Moldova
| | | | | | - Valentin Matei
- Department of Neuroscience, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila," Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adela M Ciobanu
- Department of Neuroscience, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila," Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anatol Nacu
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chișinău, Moldova
| | - Larisa Boronin
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chișinău, Moldova
| | - Lusian Karakrah
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - John M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark Weiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Corresponding author: Mark Weiser. MD, Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
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Weiser M, Zamora D, Levi L, Nastas I, Gonen I, Radu P, Matei V, Nacu A, Boronin L, Davidson M, Davis JM. Adjunctive Aspirin vs Placebo in Patients With Schizophrenia: Results of Two Randomized Controlled Trials. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:1077-1087. [PMID: 33479775 PMCID: PMC8266648 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggested that adjunctive aspirin is efficacious in treating schizophrenia. We conducted two 16-week double-blind randomized placebo-controlled RCTs of adjunctive 1000 mg aspirin vs placebo in schizophrenia. Study 1 included 200 patients, with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score as the primary outcome. Study 2 included 160 patients with C-reactive protein (CRP) >1 mg/L at baseline; the primary outcome was PANSS-positive score. Dropout rates for aspirin/placebo were 12% in study 1 and 20% in study 2. Differences in outcome between aspirin and placebo were calculated with linear regression, adjusting for the baseline value of the outcome. No statistically significant between-group differences were found in primary or secondary outcomes in either study. Study 1: mean difference in PANSS at 16 weeks was -3.9 (95% CI: -8.4 to 0.5, P = .10, effect size (ES) = -0.25) and at 8 weeks was -3.5 (95% CI: -7.5 to 0.5, P = .11, ES = -0.22). Study 2: mean difference in PANSS at 16 weeks was 0.3 (95% CI: -4.1 to 4.7, P = .90, ES = 0.02) and in positive PANSS was 0.5 (95% CI: -1.0 to 2.1, P = .50, ES = 0.11). A meta-analysis of these data with the existing studies, excluding one with large baseline differences in total PANSS, found that the overall estimate of the effect of adjunctive aspirin on the PANSS total score comparing group means at the end of the study was -2.9 (95% CI: -6.6 to 0.7; P = .21), favoring aspirin. Our studies and meta-analysis failed to find a statistically significant improvement in the symptoms of schizophrenia from adjunctive aspirin therapy in comparison to placebo in schizophrenia. Trial registration: study 1: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01320982; study 2 (high CRP): EudraCT Number: 2014-000757-36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Weiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel; tel: +97235303773; +97235303773; fax: +97235353807; e-mail:
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Linda Levi
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Igor Nastas
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chisinau, Moldova
| | | | | | - Valentin Matei
- Department of Psychiatry, Obrejia Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anatol Nacu
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Larisa Boronin
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chisinau, Moldova
| | | | - John M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL
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Kvistad CE, Nacu A, Novotny V, Logallo N, Waje‐Andreassen U, Naess H, Thomassen L. Contrast-enhanced sonothrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke patients without intracranial large-vessel occlusion. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:256-261. [PMID: 29068044 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast-enhanced sonothrombolysis (CEST) leads to a more rapid recanalization in acute ischemic stroke caused by intracranial large-vessel occlusion (LVO). Animal studies have shown that CEST also may be safe and efficient in treating the ischemic microcirculation in the absence of LVO. The exact mechanism behind this treatment effect is not known. We aimed to assess safety and efficacy of CEST in acute ischemic stroke patients included in the Norwegian Sonothrombolysis in Acute Stroke Study (NOR-SASS) without LVO on admission CT angiography (CTA). METHODS NOR-SASS was a randomized controlled trial of CEST in ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 hours after stroke onset. Patients were randomized to either CEST or sham CEST. In this study, patients were excluded if they had partial or total occlusion on admission CTA, ultrasound-resistant bone window, had received CEST with incorrect insonation as compared to stroke location on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or were stroke mimics. RESULTS Of the 183 patients included in NOR-SASS, a total of 83 (45.4%) patients matched the inclusion criteria, of which 40 received CEST and 43 sham CEST. There were no patients with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) in the CEST group. Rates of asymptomatic ICH, microbleeds, and mortality were not increased in the CEST group. Neurological improvement at 24 hours and functional outcome at 90 days were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION CEST is safe in ischemic stroke patients without intracranial LVO. There were no differences in clinical outcomes between the treatment groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. E. Kvistad
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - A. Nacu
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - V. Novotny
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - N. Logallo
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | | | - H. Naess
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - L. Thomassen
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
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Khanevski AN, Naess H, Thomassen L, Waje-Andreassen U, Nacu A, Kvistad CE. Elevated body temperature in ischemic stroke associated with neurological improvement. Acta Neurol Scand 2017; 136:414-418. [PMID: 28251609 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Some studies suggest that high body temperature within the first few hours of ischemic stroke onset is associated with improved outcome. We hypothesized an association between high body temperature on admission and detectable improvement within 6-9 hours of stroke onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive ischemic stroke patients with NIHSS scores obtained within 3 hours and in the interval 6-9 hours after stroke onset were included. Body temperature was measured on admission. RESULTS A total of 315 patients with ischemic stroke were included. Median NIHSS score on admission was 6. Linear regression showed that NIHSS score 6-9 hours after stroke onset was inversely associated with body temperature on admission after adjusting for confounders including NIHSS score <3 hours after stroke onset (P<.001). The same result was found in patients with proximal middle cerebral occlusion on admission. CONCLUSIONS We found an inverse association between admission body temperature and neurological improvement within few hours after admission. This finding may be limited to patients with documented proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion on admission and suggests a beneficial effect of higher body temperature on clot lysis within the first three hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Khanevski
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - H. Naess
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Centre of Age-Related Medicine; Stavanger University Hospital; Stavanger Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - L. Thomassen
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | | | - A. Nacu
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - C. E. Kvistad
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
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Moerch-Rasmussen A, Nacu A, Waje-Andreassen U, Thomassen L, Naess H. Recurrent ischemic stroke is associated with the burden of risk factors. Acta Neurol Scand 2016; 133:289-94. [PMID: 26177064 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the characteristics of acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to hospital with history of prior ischemic stroke(s). We hypothesized that there is an association between the number of risk factors and prior ischemic stroke irrespective of age. METHODS All patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Haukeland University Hospital between 2006 and 2013 were registered in the NORSTROKE database. Variables included prior ischemic stroke(s) (based on self-report and patient records), risk factors, TOAST classification, and CT and MRI findings. Comparison was made between patients with prior ischemic stroke and first-ever ischemic stroke. Multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS In total, 2697 patients were included and 461 (17.1%) had a history of prior ischemic stroke(s). Logistic regression analyses showed that prior ischemic stroke was associated with the number of risk factors, leukoaraiosis, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and atherosclerosis. CONCLUSION History of prior ischemic stroke in patients with acute ischemic stroke was associated with the burden of risk factors, atherosclerosis, and atrial fibrillation compared to first-ever ischemic stroke. This has important implications for secondary preventive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Moerch-Rasmussen
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - A. Nacu
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | | | - L. Thomassen
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - H. Naess
- Department of Neurology; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Centre for age-related medicine; Stavanger University Hospital; Stavanger Norway
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Nacu A, Fromm A, Sand KM, Waje‐Andreassen U, Thomassen L, Naess H. Age dependency of ischaemic stroke subtypes and vascular risk factors in western Norway: the Bergen Norwegian Stroke Cooperation Study. Acta Neurol Scand 2016; 133:202-7. [PMID: 26032994 PMCID: PMC4744685 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Age dependency of acute ischaemic stroke aetiology and vascular risk factors have not been adequately evaluated in stroke patients in Norway. Aims of this study were to evaluate how stroke subtypes and vascular risk factors vary with age in a western Norway stroke population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients aged 15-100 years consecutively admitted to our neurovascular centre with acute ischaemic stroke between 2006 and 2012 were included. The study population was categorized as young (15-49 years), middle-aged (50-74 years) or elderly (≥ 75 years). Stroke aetiology was defined by TOAST criteria. Risk factors and history of cardiovascular disease were recorded. RESULTS In total, 2484 patients with acute cerebral infarction were included: 1418 were males (57.3%). Mean age was 70.8 years (SD ± 14.9), 228 patients were young, 1126 middle-aged, and 1130 were elderly. The proportion of large-artery atherosclerosis and of small-vessel occlusion was highest among middle-aged patients. The proportion of cardioembolism was high at all ages, especially among the elderly. The proportion of stroke of other determined cause was highest among young patients. Some risk factors (diabetes mellitus, active smoking, angina pectoris, prior stroke and peripheral artery disease) decreased among the elderly. The proportions of several potential causes increased with age. CONCLUSION The proportion of stroke subtypes and vascular risk factors are age dependent. Age 50-74 years constitutes the period in life where cardiovascular risk factors become manifest and stroke subtypes change.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nacu
- Centre for Neurovascular Diseases Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - A. Fromm
- Centre for Neurovascular Diseases Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - K. M. Sand
- Centre for Neurovascular Diseases Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - U. Waje‐Andreassen
- Centre for Neurovascular Diseases Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - L. Thomassen
- Centre for Neurovascular Diseases Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - H. Naess
- Centre for Neurovascular Diseases Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Centre for Age‐Related Medicine Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway
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Nacu A, Bringeland GH, Khanevski A, Thomassen L, Waje‐Andreassen U, Naess H. Early neurological worsening in acute ischaemic stroke patients. Acta Neurol Scand 2016; 133:25-9. [PMID: 25929313 PMCID: PMC4744656 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Neurological worsening in acute ischaemic stroke patients is common with significant morbidity and mortality. Aims To determine the factors associated with early neurological worsening within the first 9 h after onset of acute ischaemic stroke. Materials & methods The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess stroke severity. Early neurological worsening was defined as NIHSS score increase ≥4 NIHSS points within 9 h of symptom onset compared to NIHSS score within 3 h of symptom onset. Patients with early neurological worsening were compared to patients with unchanged or improved NIHSS scores. Results Of the 2484 patients admitted with ischaemic stroke, 552 patients had NIHSS score within 3 h of symptom onset, and 44 (8.0%) experienced early neurological worsening. The median NIHSS on admission was 8.4 in both groups. Early neurological worsening was associated with low body temperature on admission (P = 0.01), proximal compared to distal MCA occlusion (P = 0.007) and with ipsilateral internal carotid artery stenosis >50% or occlusion (P = 0.04). Early neurological worsening was associated with higher NIHSS day 7 (P < 0.001) and higher mortality within 7 days of stroke onset (P = 0.005). Conclusions Early neurological worsening has serious consequences for the short‐term outcome for patients with acute ischaemic stroke and is associated with low body temperature on admission, and with extracranially and intracranially large‐vessel stenosis or occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nacu
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - G. H. Bringeland
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - A. Khanevski
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - L. Thomassen
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | | | - H. Naess
- Department of Neurology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Centre for Age‐Related Medicine Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway
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Hoerr R, Nacu A. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia and the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® treatment: additional results from a 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial. OAJCT 2016. [DOI: 10.2147/oajct.s93531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder leading to skeletal muscle weakness and fatigability. MG subgroups are defined according to pathogenetic autoantibody (against acetylcholine receptor, muscle-specific tyrosine kinase or lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4), thymus pathology and clinical manifestations. MG patients have an increased risk for concordant autoimmune disease, in particular with early onset MG. Most common comorbidities are thyroid disease, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Cardiomyositis and subclinical heart dysfunction have been described in patients with thymoma MG and late onset MG but represent no major threat. A thymic lymphoepithelioma implies an increased risk for another cancer. Autoimmune MG represents no distinct cancer risk factor, although lymphomas and a few other cancer types have been reported with slightly increased frequency. Severe MG-related muscle weakness means a risk for respiratory failure and respiratory tract infection. Drug MG treatment can lead to side-effects. Thymectomy is regarded as a safe procedure both short and long term. Non-MG-related comorbidity represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, especially in elderly patients. Diagnostic accuracy and optimal follow-up is necessary to identify and treat all types of coexisting disease in MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Gilhus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Herrschaft H, Nacu A, Likhachev S, Sholomov I, Hoerr R, Schlaefke S. Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in dementia with neuropsychiatric features: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial to confirm the efficacy and safety of a daily dose of 240 mg. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46:716-23. [PMID: 22459264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A multi-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, 24-week trial with 410 outpatients was conducted to demonstrate efficacy and safety of a 240 mg once-daily formulation of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761(®) in patients with mild to moderate dementia (Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia) associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Patients scored 9 to 23 on the SKT cognitive battery, at least 6 on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), with at least one of four key items rated at least 4. Primary outcomes were the changes from baseline to week 24 in the SKT and NPI total scores. The ADCS Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC), Verbal Fluency Test, Activities of Daily Living International Scale (ADL-IS), DEMQOL-Proxy quality-of-life scale and 11-point box scales for tinnitus and dizziness were secondary outcome measures. Patients treated with EGb 761(®) (n = 200) improved by 2.2 ± 3.5 points (mean ± sd) on the SKT total score, whereas those receiving placebo (n = 202) changed only slightly by 0.3 ± 3.7 points. The NPI composite score improved by 4.6 ± 7.1 in the EGb 761(®)-treated group and by 2.1 ± 6.5 in the placebo group. Both drug-placebo comparisons were significant at p < 0.001. Patients treated with EGb 761(®) also showed a more favourable course in most of the secondary efficacy variables. In conclusion, treatment with EGb 761(®) at a once-daily dose of 240 mg was safe and resulted in a significant and clinically relevant improvement in cognition, psychopathology, functional measures and quality of life of patients and caregivers.
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Nacu A, Hoerr R, Herrschaft H. P4‐231: Neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia and related caregiver distress: Effects of treatment by a once‐daily formulation of Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761®. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.2256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatol Nacu
- State Medical and Pharmaceutical University “N. Testemitanu”ChisinăuMoldova
| | - Robert Hoerr
- Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. KG PharmaceuticalsKarlsruheGermany
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Moldovan V, Divale W, Nacu A, Socrovisciuc A, Sterpu V, Fauras V, Aftene V, Paladiciuc D, Petrova L, Turcan C, Carpa A, Cardona-Divale MV. Services for the Chronically Mentally Ill in Moldova: A Struggle to Survive. International Journal of Mental Health 2007. [DOI: 10.2753/imh0020-7411360404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anatol Nacu
- c Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychology, and Narcology, Medical University of Moldova
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Goldenberg B, Gavriliţă L, Costăchescu G, Ioniţă N, Macovei D, Nacu A. [Considerations on the diagnosis and prognosis of chorionepithelioma]. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 1967; 71:125-30. [PMID: 6070451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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