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Trapp W, Heid A, Röder S, Wimmer F, Weiß H, Hajak G. "Try to Build This Bunny as Fast as Possible without Using Red or Pink Bricks": How Simple Assembly Tasks Might Aid in Detecting People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1693. [PMID: 38137141 PMCID: PMC10742155 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are still underdiagnosed in the general population. Impaired odor identification has been identified as an early marker of MCI and dementia. We aim to investigate whether short tasks, in which simple forms must be assembled from single building blocks based on a template or while considering specific re-strictions, could increase the diagnostic quality of established cognitive screening tests in detecting MCI or dementia. (2) Methods: A brief assembly test, where participants had to assemble simple animal shapes from Lego® Duplo® building blocks, the Frontal Assessment Battery, and the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) were administered to a consecutive series of 197 patients (89 with mild dementia, 62 with mild cognitive impairment, and 46 without cognitive impairment) referred for neuropsychological testing. (3) Results: Both participants with dementia and with MCI performed badly in the assembly tasks. The assembly tasks and the Frontal Assessment Battery were substantially correlated. Complementing MMSE scores with the assembly tasks improved the diagnostic accuracy of individuals with dementia and MCI. (4) Conclusions: People with suspected dementia or MCI may already benefit from simple assembly tasks. Although these tests require little additional time, they can notably increase sensitivity for dementia or MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Trapp
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (H.W.); (G.H.)
- Department of Physiological Psychology, Otto-Friedrich University Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96045 Bamberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heid
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (H.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Susanne Röder
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (H.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Franziska Wimmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (H.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Helmar Weiß
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (H.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Göran Hajak
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (H.W.); (G.H.)
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Trapp W, Heid A, Röder S, Wimmer F, Hajak G. "Mmm, Smells like Coffee!": How a Brief Odor Identification Test Could Help to Identify People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1052. [PMID: 37508984 PMCID: PMC10377169 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are still underdiagnosed in the general population. Impaired odor identification has been identified as an early marker of MCI and dementia. We aimed to compare the additional diagnostic value of two odor identification tests to a cognitive screening test in detecting MCI or dementia. (2) Methods: The Sniffin' Sticks odor identification test (SS-OIT), a brief odor identification test (B-OIT) requiring the identification of coffee scent, and the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) were administered to a consecutive series of 174 patients (93 with dementia, 42 with mild cognitive impairment, and 39 without cognitive impairment) referred for neuropsychological testing. (3) Results: Both participants with dementia and with MCI exhibited impairments in odor identification. The SS-OIT and the B-OIT were substantially correlated. Complementing MMSE scores with the SS-OIT or the B-OIT similarly improved the diagnostic accuracy of individuals with dementia and MCI. (4) Conclusions: People with suspected dementia or MCI may already benefit from brief odor identification tests. Although these tests require little additional time, they can notably increase sensitivity for dementia or MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Trapp
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
- Department of Physiological Psychology, Otto-Friedrich University Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96045 Bamberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heid
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Röder
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Wimmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - Göran Hajak
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St.-Getreu-Straße 18, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
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Trapp W, Heid A, Röder S, Wimmer F, Hajak G. Cognitive Remediation in Psychiatric Disorders: State of the Evidence, Future Perspectives, and Some Bold Ideas. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12060683. [PMID: 35741569 PMCID: PMC9221116 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Many people with psychiatric disorders experience impairments in cognition. These deficits have a significant impact on daily functioning and sometimes even on the further course of their disease. Cognitive remediation (CR) is used as an umbrella term for behavioral training interventions to ameliorate these deficits. In most but not all studies, CR has proven effective in improving cognition and enhancing everyday functional outcomes. In this paper, after quickly summarizing the empirical evidence, practical advice to optimize the effects of CR interventions is provided. We advocate that CR interventions should be as fun and motivating as possible, and therapists should at least consider using positively toned emotional stimuli instead of neutral stimuli. Participants should be screened for basic processing deficits, which should be trained before CR of higher-order cognitive domains. CR should stimulate metacognition and utilize natural settings to invoke social cognition. Wherever possible, CR tasks should link to tasks that participants face in their everyday life. Therapists should consider that participants might also benefit from positive side effects on symptomatology. Finally, the CR approach might even be utilized in settings where the treatment of cognitive impairments is not a primary target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Trapp
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Social Foundation Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (G.H.)
- Fachhochschule des Mittelstands, Department of Psychology, University of Applied Sciences, 96050 Bamberg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Andreas Heid
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Social Foundation Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Susanne Röder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Social Foundation Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Franziska Wimmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Social Foundation Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Göran Hajak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Social Foundation Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany; (A.H.); (S.R.); (F.W.); (G.H.)
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Trapp W, Röder S, Heid A, Billman P, Daiber S, Hajak G. Sensitivity and specificity of the Bamberg Dementia Screening Test's (BDST) full and short versions: brief screening instruments for geriatric patients that are suitable for infectious environments. BMC Med 2021; 19:65. [PMID: 33663471 PMCID: PMC7934397 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-01927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, many patients suffering from dementia do not have a diagnosis when admitted to geriatric hospitals. This is the case despite an increased risk of complications affecting the length of stay and outcome. Unfortunately, many dementia screening tests cannot be used on geriatric inpatients, who are often bedridden. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of a small battery of bedside tasks that require minimal vision and fine motor skills in patients with suspected dementia. METHODS In this prospective study, the Bamberg Dementia Screening Test (BDST) was administered to a consecutive series of 1295 patients referred for neuropsychological testing. The diagnosis of dementia was confirmed in 1159 and excluded in 136 patients. Sensitivity and specificity for the first subtest (ultra-short form), the first two subtests (short form), and the total score of the BDST were obtained via receiver operating characteristic curves and compared with the sensitivity and specificity values of the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE). RESULTS The overall diagnostic quality of the BDST was superior to the MMSE for mild Alzheimer's dementia (sensitivity and specificity = .94 (95% CI .92 to .96) and .82 (95% CI .75 to .88) vs. .79 (95% CI .76 to .83) and .88 (95% CI .82 to .93)) as well as for other subtypes of mild dementia (sensitivity and specificity = .91 (95% CI .88 to .94) and .82 (95% CI .75 to .88) vs. .72 (95% CI .67 to .76) and .88 (95% CI .82 to .93)). Even the short form of the BDST was comparable to the MMSE regarding sensitivity and specificity. For moderate dementia, it was possible to identify dementia cases with sufficient and excellent diagnostic quality by using the ultra-short and the short form. CONCLUSIONS The BDST is able to detect dementia in geriatric hospital settings. If the adaptive algorithm is used, administration time can be reduced to less than 2 min in most cases. Because no test materials have to be exchanged, this test is particularly suitable for infectious environments where contact between the examiner and the person being tested should be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Trapp
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St-.Getreu-Straße 18, 96049, Bamberg, Germany. .,Department of Physiological Psychology, Otto-Friedrich University Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96045, Bamberg, Germany.
| | - Susanne Röder
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St-.Getreu-Straße 18, 96049, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heid
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St-.Getreu-Straße 18, 96049, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Pia Billman
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St-.Getreu-Straße 18, 96049, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Daiber
- Department of Geriatric Rehabilitation, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St-.Getreu-Straße 18, 96049, Bamberg, Germany
| | - Göran Hajak
- Department of Psychiatry, Sozialstiftung Bamberg, St-.Getreu-Straße 18, 96049, Bamberg, Germany
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Heid A, Cartwright FP, Wilson-Genderson M, Pruchno R. UNDERSTANDING ATTRITION AND BOLSTERING RETENTION IN A LONGITUDINAL PANEL STUDY: ORANJ BOWL. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Heid
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Ardmore, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - F P Cartwright
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | | | - R Pruchno
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
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Heid A, Bleck L, Metzen RV, Bucher V. A demonstrator for a flexible active microelectrode array with high electrode number. Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/cdbme-2018-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe integration of dies is a possibility to reduce the number of conducting tracks within electrical active implants. For passive microelectrode arrays the number of conducting tracks limits the number of electrodes. By embedding an array of small dies (250 μm edge length) employed to amplify and multiplex the signals of 25 electrodes each into a flexible foil we create a flexible active microelectrode array with more than 1000 electrodes. A fabrication process was developed containing a transfer process for the dies as well as an embedding procedure. Here a non-functional Dummy-System is presented as a demonstrator proving the feasibility of the proposed microelectrode array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Heid
- 1Hochschule Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße,Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Lena Bleck
- 2NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen,Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Rene von Metzen
- 2NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen,Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Volker Bucher
- 3Hochschule Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
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Bleck L, Heid A, Metzen RV. Silicone-based Chip-in-Foil System. Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/cdbme-2018-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAiming at devices for bioelectronic medicine, this paper proposes a die embedding process for the fabrication of flexible smart implants. By combining thinned bare dies with a polymeric encapsulation, completely flexible implants can be designed. The dies are encapsulated using a flip-chip process and a backfilling with silicone rubber. A completely even surface without detectable edge between the chip and the surrounding polymer substrate is achieved by gluing the chips face-down onto a polyimide-covered substrate. The backside is coated with silicone rubber and a second carrier substrate is attached. Removing the first substrate subsequent to curing of the silicone leads to chips located under a continuous polyimide layer, enabling the use of microtechnology for further processing steps. A custom-made test chip is proposed that enables the evaluation of the mechanical and chemical stability of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Bleck
- 1NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55,Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Heid
- 2Hochschule Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Rene von Metzen
- 3NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen,Reutlingen, Germany
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Heid A, Camoleze De Andrade M, Von Metzen R, Giehl J, Bucher V. Fabrication of a large area flexible active microelectrode array with more than 1000 recording electrodes. Front Cell Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2018.38.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Whitlatch C, Orsulic-Jeras S, Zarit S, Heid A, Femia E. THE SHARE PROGRAM FOR EARLY-STAGE DEMENTIA CARE DYADS: PROMISING RESULTS FROM THE RCT. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C.J. Whitlatch
- Center for Research & Education, Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging, Cleveland, Ohio,
| | - S. Orsulic-Jeras
- Center for Research & Education, Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging, Cleveland, Ohio,
| | - S. Zarit
- Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,
| | - A. Heid
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
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Abstract
Tendon injuries are the second most common injuries of the hand and therefore an important topic in trauma and orthopedic patients. Most injuries are open injuries to the flexor or extensor tendons, but less frequent injuries, e.g., damage to the functional system tendon sheath and pulley or dull avulsions, also need to be considered. After clinical examination, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have proved to be important diagnostic tools. Tendon injuries mostly require surgical repair, dull avulsions of the distal phalanges extensor tendon can receive conservative therapy. Injuries of the flexor tendon sheath or single pulley injuries are treated conservatively and multiple pulley injuries receive surgical repair. In the postoperative course of flexor tendon injuries, the principle of early passive movement is important to trigger an “intrinsic” tendon healing to guarantee a good outcome. Many substances were evaluated to see if they improved tendon healing; however, little evidence was found. Nevertheless, hyaluronic acid may improve intrinsic tendon healing.
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Ihra GC, Heid A, Pernerstorfer T. Airway Stenosis-Related Increase of Pulmonary Pressure During High-Frequency Jet Ventilation Depends on Injector’s Position. Anesth Analg 2009; 109:461-5. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181a94acb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Bony A, Heid A, Takakura Y, Satzke K, Meyrueis P. Waveguide sidewall roughness measurement on full wafers by SEM-based stereoscopy. J Microsc 2005; 217:188-92. [PMID: 15725121 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2005.01387.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a technique aiming at sidewall roughness measurement on integrated optical silica waveguides using a scanning electron microscope. The technique uses the principles of stereoscopy to retrieve sidewall topography. Practical implementation details and first results are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bony
- Laboratory of Photonic Systems, Parc d'innovation, Bld S. Brant 67400 Illkirch, France.
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Heid A. "Caring" program helps people cope with emotional conflict. Provider 1987; 13:56. [PMID: 10283212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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