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Schapranow MP, Bayat M, Rasheed A, Naik M, Graf V, Schmidt D, Budde K, Cardinal H, Sapir-Pichhadze R, Fenninger F, Sherwood K, Keown P, Günther OP, Pandl KD, Leiser F, Thiebes S, Sunyaev A, Niemann M, Schimanski A, Klein T. NephroCAGE-German-Canadian Consortium on AI for Improved Kidney Transplantation Outcome: Protocol for an Algorithm Development and Validation Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e48892. [PMID: 38133915 PMCID: PMC10770792 DOI: 10.2196/48892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in hardware and software enabled the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for analysis of complex data in a wide range of daily-life use cases. We aim to explore the benefits of applying AI to a specific use case in transplant nephrology: risk prediction for severe posttransplant events. For the first time, we combine multinational real-world transplant data, which require specific legal and technical protection measures. OBJECTIVE The German-Canadian NephroCAGE consortium aims to develop and evaluate specific processes, software tools, and methods to (1) combine transplant data of more than 8000 cases over the past decades from leading transplant centers in Germany and Canada, (2) implement specific measures to protect sensitive transplant data, and (3) use multinational data as a foundation for developing high-quality prognostic AI models. METHODS To protect sensitive transplant data addressing the first and second objectives, we aim to implement a decentralized NephroCAGE federated learning infrastructure upon a private blockchain. Our NephroCAGE federated learning infrastructure enables a switch of paradigms: instead of pooling sensitive data into a central database for analysis, it enables the transfer of clinical prediction models (CPMs) to clinical sites for local data analyses. Thus, sensitive transplant data reside protected in their original sites while the comparable small algorithms are exchanged instead. For our third objective, we will compare the performance of selected AI algorithms, for example, random forest and extreme gradient boosting, as foundation for CPMs to predict severe short- and long-term posttransplant risks, for example, graft failure or mortality. The CPMs will be trained on donor and recipient data from retrospective cohorts of kidney transplant patients. RESULTS We have received initial funding for NephroCAGE in February 2021. All clinical partners have applied for and received ethics approval as of 2022. The process of exploration of clinical transplant database for variable extraction has started at all the centers in 2022. In total, 8120 patient records have been retrieved as of August 2023. The development and validation of CPMs is ongoing as of 2023. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we will (1) combine kidney transplant data from nephrology centers in Germany and Canada, (2) implement federated learning as a foundation to use such real-world transplant data as a basis for the training of CPMs in a privacy-preserving way, and (3) develop a learning software system to investigate population specifics, for example, to understand population heterogeneity, treatment specificities, and individual impact on selected posttransplant outcomes. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/48892.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu-P Schapranow
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mozhgan Bayat
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aadil Rasheed
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marcel Naik
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Graf
- Geschäftsbereich IT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Danilo Schmidt
- Geschäftsbereich IT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Héloïse Cardinal
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze
- Division of Nephrology and Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Department of Medicine and Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Franz Fenninger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Sherwood
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul Keown
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Konstantin D Pandl
- Department of Economics and Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Florian Leiser
- Department of Economics and Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Scott Thiebes
- Department of Economics and Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ali Sunyaev
- Department of Economics and Management, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Matern BM, Niemann M, Nemparis I, Schimanski A, Peereboom ETM, Kramer CSM, Heidt S, Spierings E. Using cloud infrastructure to facilitate data collection and conversion of HLA diagnostic data for the 18th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop. HLA 2023; 101:484-495. [PMID: 36754592 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop (IHIW) is a recurring gathering of researchers, technologists and clinicians where participants contribute to collaborative projects with a variety of goals, and come to consensus on definitions and standards for representing HLA and immunogenic determinants. The collaborative and international nature of these workshops, combined with the multifaceted goals of several specific workshop components, necessitates the collection and curation of a wide assortment of data, as well as an adaptable platform for export and analysis. With the aim of ensuring data quality and creation of reusable datasets, specific standards and nomenclature conventions are continuously being developed, and are an integral part of IHIW. Here we present the 18th IHIW Database, a purpose-built and extensible cloud-based file repository and web application for collecting and analyzing project-specific data. This platform is based on open-source software and uses established HLA data standards and web technologies to facilitate de-centralized data repository ownership, reduce duplicated efforts, and promote continuity for future IHIWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict M Matern
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Emma T M Peereboom
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia S M Kramer
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Spierings
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Central Diagnostics Laboratory, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Wiegand C, Fink S, Hipler UC, Beier O, Horn K, Pfuch A, Schimanski A, Grünler B. Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas exhibit antimicrobial properties against critical bacteria and yeast species. J Wound Care 2019; 26:462-468. [PMID: 28795887 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.8.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPPs) have been used to sterilise implant materials and other thermally unstable medical products and to modify chemical surfaces. This study investigates the antimicrobial effect of the gas and input power used to generate CAPPs on microorganisms causing skin infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Malassezia pachydermatis. METHOD Microorganisms were cultivated on Mueller Hinton 2 (MH2) agar plates. CAPP treatment was performed using the Plasma BLASTER MEF. To investigate the antimicrobial effects the following CAPP parameters were varied: the gas used, input power, as well as number of treatments and treatment time. RESULTS The antimicrobial efficacy of the CAPPs was found to increase with increasing input power and treatment time (or cycles). Furthermore the plasma generated from nitrogen is more effective than from air. CONCLUSION The study showed that CAPPs demonstrate strong bactericidal and fungicidal properties in vitro. The selective application of CAPPs for the treatment of wound infections may offer a promising supplementary tool alongside current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wiegand
- Biochemist, Scientific Associate, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - S Fink
- Scientific Associate, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - U-C Hipler
- Head of Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, D-07740 Jena, Germany
| | - O Beier
- Research Scientist, Department of Surface Engineering/Plasma Technology, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - K Horn
- Research Scientist, Department of Surface Engineering/Plasma Technology, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - A Pfuch
- Head of Department Plasma Technology, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - A Schimanski
- Managing Director of Innovent, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - B Grünler
- Managing Director of Innovent, Innovent e.v. Technology Development Jena, Pruessingstrasse 27B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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Wiegand C, Beier O, Horn K, Pfuch A, Tölke T, Hipler UC, Schimanski A. Antimicrobial impact of cold atmospheric pressure plasma on medical critical yeasts and bacteria cultures. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 27:25-35. [PMID: 23921169 DOI: 10.1159/000351353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plasma medicine focuses on the application of cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPs) in or on the human body. So far, plasmas have been used to sterilize implant materials or other thermally unstable medical products and have been applied for chemical surface modifications. This study investigates the antimicrobial effect of physical plasmas on microorganisms which cause skin infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, depending on the plasma source and the kind of plasma excitation used. MATERIALS Microorganisms were plated onto MH2 agar plates. Plasma treatment was performed using the plasma sources BLASTER MEF and kinpen 09. To investigate the antimicrobial effects, the following plasma parameters have been varied: working gas, distance from nozzle to surface, electrical power, grid spacing of treatment lines, number of treatments and work piece velocity. RESULTS The generated plasmas had an antimicrobial effect that depended on the chosen plasma parameters, in particular on the process gas used, the plasma power and the number of treatments performed. Thus, different reactive species were observed by optical emission spectroscopy measurement in the generated plasmas. CONCLUSIONS The study showed that CAPs exhibit profound bactericidal and fungicidal properties in vitro. However, an important factor for the antimicrobial efficacy is the composition of the 'chemical soup' supplied by the CAP system which can be regulated by the process gases used.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wiegand
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Jena, Jena, Germany
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Solomun T, Schimanski A, Sturm H, Illenberger E. Efficient Formation of Difluoramino Functionalities by Direct Fluorination of Polyamides. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050067c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Solomun
- Institute of Chemistry, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry, Free University Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Innovent Technologieentwicklung, Pruessingstrasse 27b, D-07745 Jena, Germany; and Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Schimanski
- Institute of Chemistry, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry, Free University Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Innovent Technologieentwicklung, Pruessingstrasse 27b, D-07745 Jena, Germany; and Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - H. Sturm
- Institute of Chemistry, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry, Free University Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Innovent Technologieentwicklung, Pruessingstrasse 27b, D-07745 Jena, Germany; and Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - E. Illenberger
- Institute of Chemistry, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry, Free University Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; Innovent Technologieentwicklung, Pruessingstrasse 27b, D-07745 Jena, Germany; and Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Apart from their function as counter ions for the charge neutralization of nucleic acids, alkali metal ions play important roles in stabilizing particular multistranded nucleic acids, e.g. guanine quartets in telomeres and uracil (U) or thymine (T) quartets. Here X-ray crystal structure determinations of a series of alkali metal ions (Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) as well as of Mg2+ and H5O2+ adducts with the model bases 1-methylthymine and 1-ethylthymine are reported, which bear relevance to the question of thymine quartet (T4) geometries. The compounds isolated differ in their stoichiometries (T:M = 4:1, 2:1, 1:1), and the ways the metal ions interact with the bases. The two extremes are exclusive metal coordination to exocyclic oxygen atoms of the T bases and exclusive H bonding between M aqua cations and the bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Freisinger
- Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Abstract
In the present study we investigated the influence of AmBisome, a lyophilized liposomal amphotericin B formulation on various hepatic cytochrome P450-dependent mixed function oxidases, antipyrine clearance and hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity in rats. Animals were treated intravenously for 6 days with AmBisome (15 mg kg-1 body weight). Subsequently, the enzyme activities and cytochrome P450 concentrations were measured ex vivo in hepatic microsomes. Following AmBisome the activity of the microsomal ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase increased significantly from 333 +/- 77 pmol mg-1 to 459 +/- 125 pmol mg-1, whereas benzpyrenhydroxylase and glucose-6-phosphatase did not change compared with the controls. Accordingly, antipyrine clearance was not affected by AmBisome treatment. Microsomal cytochrome P450 concentrations as well as total microsomal protein concentrations were not changed following treatment with AmBisome and it did not affect either serum levels of liver transaminases or bilirubin. The results show that the application of a high AmBisome dose had no adverse effects on a variety of microsomal hepatic enzymes and the antipyrine clearance in rats. Thus, it seems likely that AmBisome does not seriously impair metabolic liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Inselmann
- Medizinische Poliklinik, Universität Würzburg, Germany
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