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Cormio A, Auciello M, Falagario UG, Ricapito A, Mangiatordi A, Castellani D, Galosi AB, Carrieri G, Cormio L. Mini and Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Obese Patients. Results from a Single-surgeon Large Series. EUR UROL SUPPL 2024; 63:113-118. [PMID: 38591095 PMCID: PMC11000194 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the recommended treatment for large or complex renal stones. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of mini PCNL in obese and nonobese patients and to compare the outcomes of mini and standard PCNL in the obese population. Methods We retrospectively reviewed our PCNL database to identify patients who had undergone mini (Amplatz sheath size 17.5Ch) or standard (Amplatz sheath size ≥26Ch) PCNL between 2005 and 2022. First, we compared the outcomes of the two procedures in the obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥30) and nonobese (BMI<30) patients. Second, we compared the outcomes of mini and standard PCNL in the obese population. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the variables associated with stone-free rate (SFR) and complications. Key findings and limitations A total of 781 patients underwent mini PCNL; there was no difference between nonobese (578) and obese (133) patients in surgical time, number of tubeless procedures, postoperative stay, SFR, and overall complication rates. Similar outcomes were also seen in the 356 patients who had undergone standard PCNL, including 276 nonobese and 80 obese patients. The comparison of mini and standard PCNL in the obese population (213 patients) showed that mini PCNL provided significant benefits in surgical time (60 vs 94 min), SFR (85% vs 63.8%), and blood transfusion rate (2% vs 10%). The multivariable analysis confirmed that mini PCNL resulted in significantly higher odds of being stone free (odds ratio [OR] 1.79) and lower odds of having a blood transfusion (OR 0.28). Conclusions and clinical implications Obese patients can safely undergo either mini or standard PCNL; in this series, mini performed better than standard PCNL in terms of SFR and blood transfusion rates. Patient summary In this study, we compared the outcomes of mini and standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the obese population. We found that mini PCNL had lower surgical time and blood transfusion rate, and better stone-free rate than its standard counterpart in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, School of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Auciello
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Anna Ricapito
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Castellani
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, School of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, School of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Bonomo Teaching Hospital, Andria (BAT), Italy
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Castellani D, Tramanzoli P, Chiacchio G, Cormio A, Rubino A, Nedbal C, Perpepaj L, Stramucci S, De Stefano V, Teoh JYC, Cormio L, Somani BK, Galosi AB, Gauhar V. Reoperation Rate for Residual/Regrowth Adenoma Following Transurethral Interventions for Benign Prostatic Enlargement: Results from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Randomized Studies. J Endourol 2024. [PMID: 38568907 DOI: 10.1089/end.2023.0766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To perform a systematic review to assess the incidence of reoperation rate for residual/regrowth adenoma after transurethral surgeries for benign prostatic enlargement. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on November 12, 2023, using Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Scopus. We only included randomized studies comparing monopolar (M)/bipolar (B) transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) vs ablation vs enucleation procedures. Incidence of reoperation was assessed using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel Method and reported as risk ratio (RR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p-values. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Evidence synthesis: Forty-eight studies were included. Six studies compared enucleation vs TURP, 41 ablation vs TURP, and 1 study enucleation vs ablation vs TURP, encompassing 457 patients in enucleation, 2259 in ablation, and 2517 in the TURP group. The pooled incidence of reoperation was 6.2%, 0.7%, 2.3%, and 4.3% after ablation, enucleation, M-TURP, and B-TURP, respectively. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of reoperation was significantly lower in the enucleation group (RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10-0.81, p = 0.02), but the difference accounted only in studies with follow-up between 1 and 3 years (RR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.85, p = 0.03). The incidence of reoperation was significantly lower in the enucleation compared with the B-TURP group (RR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.77, p = 0.02). Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of reoperation was significantly higher in the ablation group (RR 1.81, 95% CI 1.33-2.47, p = 0.0002), but there was no difference in studies with follow-up up to 1 year (odds ratio 1.78 95% CI 0.97-3.29, p = 0.06) longer than 5 years (RR 2.02, 95% CI 0.71-5.79, p = 0.19). The incidence of reoperation was significantly higher in the ablation compared with the M-TURP group (RR 1.91, 95% CI 1.44-2.54, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: In mid-term follow-up, reoperation rate for residual/regrowth adenoma was significantly lower after enucleation, although was significantly higher after ablation compared with TURP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Castellani
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pietro Tramanzoli
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Chiacchio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna Rubino
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlotta Nedbal
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Leonard Perpepaj
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Stramucci
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Virgilio De Stefano
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- S.H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lugi Cormio
- Department of Urology, Ospedale L. Bonomo, Andria, Italy
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Bhaskar K Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vineet Gauhar
- Department of Urology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Sanguedolce F, Falagario UG, Zanelli M, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Busetto GM, Cormio A, Carrieri G, Cormio L. Integrating the PD-L1 Prognostic Biomarker in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer in Clinical Practice-A Comprehensive Review on State-of-the-Art Advances and Critical Issues. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2182. [PMID: 38673455 PMCID: PMC11050441 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), comprising the majority of initial BC presentations, requires accurate risk stratification for optimal management. This review explores the evolving role of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a prognostic biomarker in NMIBC, with a particular focus on its implications in the context of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy. The literature suggests a potential association between elevated PD-L1 status and adverse outcomes, resistance to BCG treatment, and disease progression. However, conflicting findings and methodological issues highlight the heterogeneity of PD-L1 assessment in NMIBC, probably due to the complex biological mechanisms that regulate the interaction between PD-L1 and the tumor microenvironment. The identification of PD-L1 as a prognostic biomarker provides ground for tailored therapeutic interventions, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Nevertheless, challenges such as intratumoral heterogeneity and technical issues underscore the need for standardized protocols and larger, homogeneous trials. This review contributes to the ongoing debate on the personalized management of NMIBC patients, focusing on the advances and perspectives of incorporating PD-L1 as a biomarker in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ugo Giovanni Falagario
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (U.G.F.); (G.M.B.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (U.G.F.); (G.M.B.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (U.G.F.); (G.M.B.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (U.G.F.); (G.M.B.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
- Department of Urology, Bonomo Teaching Hospital, 76123 Andria, Italy
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Sanguedolce F, Falagario UG, Zanelli M, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Ascani S, Tortorella S, Busetto GM, Cormio A, Carrieri G, Cormio L. Prognostic Value of P63 Expression in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer and Association with Molecular Subtypes-Preliminary Report. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2456-2467. [PMID: 38534771 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing need for biomarkers that could reliably predict the outcome of BC and that could guide the management of this disease. In this setting, we aimed to explore the prognostic value of the transcription factor P63 in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) having undergone radical cystectomy. The correlation between P63 expression and clinicopathological features (tumor stage, nodes involvement, patterns of muscularis propria invasion, papillary architecture, anaplasia, concomitant carcinoma in situ, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, necrosis) and molecular subtyping (basal and luminal type tumors) was tested in 65 radical cystectomy specimens and matched with cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). P63-negative tumors displayed significantly higher rates of pattern 2 of muscularis propria invasion (50% vs. 14%, p = 0.002) and variant histology (45% vs. 19%, p = 0.022) compared to P63-positive ones. According to the combined expression of CK5/6 and CK20 (Algorithm #1), P63-positive and P63-negative tumors were mostly basal-like and double-negative, respectively (p = 0.004). Using Algorithm #2, based on the combined expression of CK5/6 and GATA3, the vast majority of tumors were luminal overall and in each group (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in CSS and OS between P63-positive and P63-negative tumors, but the former featured a trend towards longer OS. Though associated with pathological features harboring negative prognostic potential, P63 status as such failed to predict CSS and OS. That said, it may contribute to better molecular subtyping of MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ugo Giovanni Falagario
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Simona Tortorella
- Pathology Unit, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Foggia, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Department of Urology, Bonomo Teaching Hospital, 76123 Andria, Italy
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Castellani D, Brocca C, Fuligni D, Giulioni C, Antezza A, Cormio A, Rubino A, Pitoni L, De Stefano V, Milanese G, Cormio L, Somani BK, Gauhar V, Galosi AB. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureterolithotripsy, and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy challenges in managing spinal cord neuropathy patients. Lessons learned from a scoping review. Cent European J Urol 2024; 77:89-110. [PMID: 38645817 PMCID: PMC11032027 DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2023.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We aim to review the outcomes of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) for renal and ureteral stones in spinal cord neuropathy patients (SNP). Material and methods A literature search was performed on 8th March 2023 using PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with no date limit. Preclinical/animal studies, reviews, letters to the editor, case reports, and meeting abstracts were excluded. Only English papers were accepted. Results Thirty-five articles were accepted. Five studies focused on SWL, 17 on PCNL, and 6 on ureteroscopy. The remaining articles employed more than one procedure. Stone composition has shifted from struvite to the more common calcium phosphate. SWL showed a very poor stone-free rate (SFR) likely due to challenges in patient positioning, stone visualization, localization, and inability to pass fragments spontaneously. Flexible ureteroscopy and PCNL were associated with a high incidence of infectious complications, long hospital stays, high blood transfusion rate, and intensive care admissions. There were also cases of death. Both procedures were challenging due to genitourinary reconstruction, scoliosis and kyphosis, rib-cage deformity, lower limb contractures, and severe comorbidity which also affected anesthesia. SFR was lower than in non-neurological patients. Conclusions SWL, ureterolithotripsy, and PCNL should be considered challenging procedures in SNP due to positioning issues, an increased risk of intra and peri-operative morbidity, and even mortality. Computed tomography should be recommended to assess residual fragments as it becomes imperative to minimize a re-intervention in SNP who should be preferably treated in referral centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Castellani
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlo Brocca
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Demetra Fuligni
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlo Giulioni
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Antezza
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna Rubino
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucia Pitoni
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Virgilio De Stefano
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulio Milanese
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Urology, Bonomo Teaching Hospital, Andria, Italy
| | - Bhaskar Kumar Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Vineet Gauhar
- Department of Urology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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De Stefano V, Castellani D, Somani BK, Giulioni C, Cormio A, Galosi AB, Sarica K, Glover X, da Silva RD, Tanidir Y, Gadzhiev N, Pirola GM, Mulawkar PM, Teoh JYC, Monga M, Herrmann TRW, Gauhar V. Suction in Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy: Evolution, Development, and Outcomes from Experimental and Clinical studies. Results from a Systematic Review. Eur Urol Focus 2024; 10:154-168. [PMID: 37442721 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Controversy exists regarding the therapeutic benefit of suction use during percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL). OBJECTIVE To review and highlight the options available in the use of suction for PCNL, and to discuss their strengths and limitations. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic literature search was performed using Scopus, EMBASE, and PubMed. Thirty four studies were included. There was one ex vivo study. Among clinical studies, 24 used a vacuum/suctioning sheath and nine a handpiece suction device/direct-in-scope suction. The suction technique was employed in standard, mini-PCNL, supermini-PCNL, and enhanced supermini‑PCNL techniques. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Handpiece suction devices demonstrated better safety and efficiency in treating large stones than nonsuction PCNL and in a much shorter time. Trilogy and ShockPulse-SE were equally effective, safe, and versatile for standard PCNL and mini-PCNL. The heavier handpiece makes Trilogy less ergonomically friendly. Laser suction handpiece devices can potentiate laser lithotripsy by allowing for better laser control with simultaneous suction of small fragments and dust. Integrated suction-based sheaths are available in reusable and disposable forms for mini-PCNL only. Mini-PCNL with suction reported superior outcomes for operative time and stone-free rate to mini-PCNL. This also helped minimize infectious complications by a combination of intrarenal pressure reduction and faster aspiration of irrigation fluid reducing the risk of sepsis, enhance intraoperative vision, and improve lithotripsy efficiency, which makes it a very attractive evolution for PCNL. CONCLUSIONS Suction devices in PCNL are reforming the way PCNL is being done. Adding suction to mini-PCNL reduces infectious complications and improves the stone-free rate. Our review shows that despite the limited evidence, suction techniques appear to improve PCNL outcomes. PATIENT SUMMARY In this review, we looked at the intra- and perioperative outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) with the addition of suction. With better stone fragmentation and fewer postoperative infections, this technology is very useful particularly for mini-PCNL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio De Stefano
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Daniele Castellani
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Bhaskar K Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Carlo Giulioni
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Kemal Sarica
- Department of Urology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Xavier Glover
- Urology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Yiloren Tanidir
- Department of Urology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nariman Gadzhiev
- Department of Urology, Saint-Petersburg State University Hospital, Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Prashant Motiram Mulawkar
- Department of Urology, Tirthankar Super Speciality Hospital, Akola, India; Professor of Urology, GMC & SSH, Akola, India; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- S.H.Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Manoj Monga
- Department of Urology, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas R W Herrmann
- Department of Urology, Kantonspital Frauenfeld, Spital Thurgau AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Vineet Gauhar
- Department of Urology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Giulioni C, Castellani D, Traxer O, Gadzhiev N, Pirola GM, Tanidir Y, da Silva RD, Glover X, Giusti G, Proietti S, Mulawkar PM, De Stefano V, Cormio A, Teoh JYC, Galosi AB, Somani BK, Emiliani E, Gauhar V. Experimental and clinical applications and outcomes of using different forms of suction in retrograde intrarenal surgery. Results from a systematic review. Actas Urol Esp 2024; 48:57-70. [PMID: 37302691 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the latest advances in suction devices and evaluate their effect in Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and ureteroscopy for stones. BASIC PROCEDURES A systematic literature search was performed on 4th January 2023 using Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE. Only English papers were included; both pediatric and adult studies were accepted. Duplicate studies, case reports, letters to the editor, and meeting abstracts were excluded. MAIN FINDINGS Twenty-one papers were selected. Several methods have been proposed for suction use in RIRS, such as through the ureteral access sheath or directly to the scope. Artificial intelligence can also regulate this system, monitoring pressure and perfusion flow values. All the proposed techniques showed satisfactory perioperative results for operative time, stone-free rate (SFR), and residual fragments. Moreover, the reduction of intrarenal pressure (induced by aspiration) was also associated with a lower infection rate. Even the studies that considered kidney stones with a diameter of 20 mm or higher reported higher SFR and reduced postoperative complications. However, the lack of well-defined settings for suction pressure and fluid flow prevents the standardization of the procedure. CONCLUSION Aspiration device in the surgical treatment of urinary stones favours a higher SFR, reducing infectious complications, as supported by the included studies. RIRS with a suction system provided to be a natural successor to the traditional technique, regulating intrarenal pressure and aspirating fine dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giulioni
- Servicio de Urología, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Universidad Politécnica Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - D Castellani
- Servicio de Urología, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Universidad Politécnica Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - O Traxer
- Servicio de Urología, Universidad de La Sorbona, Hospital Tenon (AP-HP), París, France
| | - N Gadzhiev
- Servicio de Endourología, Universidad Médica Estatal de San Petersburgo, Saint-Petersburgo, Russia
| | - G M Pirola
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital San Giuseppe, Grupo MultiMedica, Milán, Italy
| | - Y Tanidir
- Departamento de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Marmara, Estambul, Turkey
| | - R D da Silva
- Departamento de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colorado, United States
| | - X Glover
- Departamento de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colorado, United States
| | - G Giusti
- Centro Europeo de Entrenamiento en Endourología, Hospital San Raffaele IRCCS, Milán, Italy
| | - S Proietti
- Centro Europeo de Entrenamiento en Endourología, Hospital San Raffaele IRCCS, Milán, Italy
| | - P M Mulawkar
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Superespecializado de Tirthankar, Akola, India; Universidad de Edimburgo, Edimburgo, United Kingdom
| | - V De Stefano
- Servicio de Urología, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Universidad Politécnica Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Cormio
- Servicio de Urología, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Universidad Politécnica Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - J Y-C Teoh
- Clínica de Urología S.H. Ho, Servicio de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad China de Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A B Galosi
- Servicio de Urología, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Universidad Politécnica Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - B K Somani
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - E Emiliani
- Servicio de Urología, Fundación Puigvert, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Gauhar
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Ng Teng Fong, Singapur, Singapore
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8
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Giulioni C, Maggi M, Pirola GM, Martorana E, Cormio A, Teoh JYC, Gauhar V, Galosi AB, Castellani D. The current evidence on surgical management for synchronous bilateral renal tumors: results from a scoping review. World J Urol 2023; 41:2107-2118. [PMID: 37405465 PMCID: PMC10415478 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Synchronous bilateral renal masses (SBRM) account for a low percentage of kidney tumors, and there is no current recommendation for their management. The objective was to review evidence regarding the best surgical approach for SBRM in terms of type and timing of surgery. METHODS A broad literature search was performed on 28th January 2023 using Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE. Only English papers dealing with adults were included. Meeting abstracts were excluded. RESULTS Twenty-four papers were accepted and included. SBRM behave less aggressively than metachronous tumors, and partial nephrectomy (PN) is the preferred therapeutic option to preserve renal function. Open, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted approaches were found to be similar in oncological outcomes, though robot-assisted surgery resulted in lower comorbidities. Same-sitting PN was demonstrated to be a safe approach, particularly in the robotic-assisted one. Finally, the same-siting and staged NSS were similar in preserving renal function. CONCLUSIONS PN should be the desirable treatment for SBRM whenever feasible and if patients are fit, but surgeon expertise should also be taken into the account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Giulioni
- Urology Unit, Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, 71 Conca Street, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Martina Maggi
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, Umberto I Polyclinic Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Eugenio Martorana
- Department of Urology, Nuovo Ospedale Civile Di Sassuolo, Modena, Italy
| | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, 71 Conca Street, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- Faculty of Medicine, S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vineet Gauhar
- Department of Urology, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Urology Unit, Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, 71 Conca Street, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniele Castellani
- Urology Unit, Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Delle Marche, Polytechnic University of Marche, 71 Conca Street, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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9
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Sanguedolce F, Falagario UG, Zanelli M, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Ascani S, Tortorella S, Mancini V, Cormio A, Carrieri G, Cormio L. Clinicopathological Features and Survival Analysis in Molecular Subtypes of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076610. [PMID: 37047581 PMCID: PMC10095107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular subtyping of bladder cancer (BC) aims to capture the biological heterogeneity of this complex disease in order to provide better patient risk stratification. Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers are regarded as promising surrogates to classify BCs into luminal and basal subtypes in routine practice. We investigated the correlation between the molecular subclassification, assessed through IHC, and the conventional prognostic variables of a cohort of 93 muscle-invasive BCs (MIBCs), with a focus on the pattern of muscularis propria (MP) invasion, and evaluated their association with outcome. Basal, luminal, double-positive (DP), and double-negative (DN) phenotypes were identified according to the coordinate expression of 1 basal (CK5/6) and 2 luminal (CK20, GATA3) markers, and accounted for 33.3%, 32.3%, 3.2%, and 31.2% (Scheme #1) and 9.7%, 60.2%, 26.9%, and 3.2% (Scheme #2). There was a significant association between the pattern of MP invasion and the molecular subtypes according to Scheme #2, in that all 8 basal and DN cases, as well as 83% of DP cases, had a non-infiltrative invasion pattern. No consistent differences were observed in terms of OS and CSS between the molecular subtypes obtained through surrogate IHC markers. In keeping with previous studies, we report the correlation between the identification of BC subtypes and the presence of morphological prognostic factors, supporting the need for a comprehensive pathological evaluation, including clinicopathological and molecular parameters, in order to improve the diagnosis and management of MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ugo Giovanni Falagario
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - Simona Tortorella
- Pathology Unit, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Vito Mancini
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Conca 71, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Department of Urology, Bonomo Teaching Hospital, 76123 Andria, Italy
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10
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Sanguedolce F, Zanelli M, Palicelli A, Bisagni A, Zizzo M, Ascani S, Pedicillo MC, Cormio A, Falagario UG, Carrieri G, Cormio L. HER2 Expression in Bladder Cancer: A Focused View on Its Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Role. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043720. [PMID: 36835131 PMCID: PMC9962688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease from a molecular, morphological, and clinical standpoint. HER2 is a known oncogene involved in bladder carcinogenesis. Assessing HER2 overexpression as a result of its molecular changes in a routine pathology practice using immunohistochemistry might be a useful adjunct in several scenarios, namely (1) to correctly identify flat urothelial lesions and inverted urothelial lesions in the diagnostic setting; (2) to provide prognostic hints in both non-muscle invasive (NMI) and muscle invasive (MI) tumors, thus supplementing risk stratification tools, especially when evaluating higher-risk tumors such as those with variant morphology; (3) to improve antibody panels as a surrogate marker of BC molecular subtyping. Furthermore, the potential of HER2 as a therapeutic target has been only partly explored so far, in light of the ongoing development of novel target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sanguedolce
- Pathology Unit, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Cormio
- Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ugo Giovanni Falagario
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Policlinico Riuniti, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Department of Urology, Bonomo Teaching Hospital, 76123 Andria, Italy
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11
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Cormio A, Busetto G, Musicco C, Sanguedolce F, Calò B, Chirico M, Falagario U, Carrieri G, Piccoli C, Cormio L. Mitofusin-2 (MFn2) down-regulation predicts progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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12
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Cormio A, Guerra F, Cormio G, Cantatore P, Selvaggi L, Gadaleta M. 103 MtDNA content in the progression of endometrial pathology from normal endometrium to hyperplasia to type I endometrial carcinoma. Mitochondrion 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2009.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Pesce V, Cormio A, Fracasso F, Lezza AMS, Cantatore P, Gadaleta MN. Rat hindlimb unloading: Soleus and Extensor Digitorum Longus histochemistry, mitochondrial DNA content and mitochondrial DNA deletions. Biosci Rep 2002; 22:115-25. [PMID: 12418554 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016069208073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial phenotypic alterations, mitochondrial DNA content and mitochondrial DNA deletions in a slow, Soleus, and a fast, Extensor Digitorum Longus, skeletal muscle of 3- and 15-month-old hindlimb suspended rats have been studied. Cytochrome c oxidase-negative fibers appeared after unloading in all examined animals and their percentage increased with increasing unloading time. After 14 days of suspension the mitochondrial DNA content did not change in 3-month-old but decreased significantly in 15-month-old rats. Soleus was much more affected by unloading than Extensor Digitorum Longus. The mitochondrial DNA deletion of 4834 bp as well as other mtDNA deletions, researched with Long Distance-PCR, were absent in both studied muscles before and after unloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pesce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari, Italy
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14
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Lezza AM, Pesce V, Cormio A, Fracasso F, Vecchiet J, Felzani G, Cantatore P, Gadaleta MN. Increased expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A and nuclear respiratory factor-1 in skeletal muscle from aged human subjects. FEBS Lett 2001; 501:74-8. [PMID: 11457459 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The expression of two factors involved in the nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk, namely the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and the nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1), was studied in human skeletal muscle biopsies of young and aged subjects. Aged subjects presented a 2.6-fold and an 11-fold increase of the levels of TFAM protein and TFAM mRNA, respectively. The increased expression of TFAM was associated to the doubling of NRF-1 DNA-binding affinity and to a 6-fold increase of NRF-1 mRNA level. The upregulation of TFAM and NRF-1, in aged skeletal muscle, appears involved in the pathway leading to the age-related increase of mitochondrial DNA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lezza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, university of Bari, and Center of Study on Mitochondria and Energetic Mechanism, CNR, Italy
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15
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Pesce V, Cormio A, Fracasso F, Vecchiet J, Felzani G, Lezza AM, Cantatore P, Gadaleta MN. Age-related mitochondrial genotypic and phenotypic alterations in human skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 2001; 30:1223-33. [PMID: 11368920 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To have a clearer picture of how mitochondrial damages are associated to aging, a comprehensive study of phenotypic and genotypic alterations was carried out, analyzing with histochemical and molecular biology techniques the same skeletal muscle specimens of a large number of healthy subjects from 13 to 92 years old. Histochemical data showed that ragged red fibers (RRF) appear at about 40 years of age and are mostly cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-positive, whereas they are almost all COX-negative thereafter. Molecular analyses showed that the 4977 bp deletion of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA(4977)) and the 7436 bp deletion of mtDNA (mtDNA(7436)) are already present in individuals younger than 40 years of age, but their occurrence does not change with age. After 40 years of age the number of mtDNA deleted species, as revealed by Long Extension PCR (LX-PCR), increases, the 10422 bp deletion of mtDNA (mtDNA(10422)) appears, although with a very low frequency of occurrence, and mtDNA content is more than doubled. Furthermore, mtDNA(4977) level directly correlates with that of COX-negative fibers in the same analyzed subjects. These data clearly show that, after 40 years of age, the phenotypic and genotypic mitochondrial alterations here studied appear in human skeletal muscle and that they are closely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pesce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari and Center for the Study of Mitochondria and Energetic Metabolism, Bari, Italy
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16
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Cormio A, Lezza AM, Vecchiet J, Felzani G, Marangi L, Guglielmi FW, Francavilla A, Cantatore P, Gadaleta MN. MtDNA deletions in aging and in nonmitochondrial pathologies. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 908:299-301. [PMID: 10911970 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06658.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Cormio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari, Italy.
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17
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Lezza AM, Mecocci P, Cormio A, Beal MF, Cherubini A, Cantatore P, Senin U, Gadaleta MN. Mitochondrial DNA 4977 bp deletion and OH8dG levels correlate in the brain of aged subjects but not Alzheimer's disease patients. FASEB J 1999; 13:1083-8. [PMID: 10336891 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.13.9.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The levels of mitochondrial DNA 4977 bp deletion (mtDNA4977) and mitochondrial DNA 8'-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (OH8dG) were determined in the same samples from two brain areas of healthy subjects and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. A positive correlation between the age-related increases of mtDNA4977 and of OH8dG levels was found in the brain of healthy individuals. On the contrary, in both brain areas of AD patients, mtDNA4977 levels were very low in the presence of high OH8dG amounts. These results might be explained assuming that the increase of OH8dG above a threshold level, as in AD patients, implies consequences for mtDNA replication and neuronal cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lezza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
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18
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Abstract
Aging is a complex physiological phenomenon and several different theories have been elaborated about its origin. Among such theories, the 'mitochondrial theory of aging', which has gained a large support, indicates the accumulation of somatic mutations of mitochondrial DNA leading to the decline of mitochondrial functionality as one of the driving forces for the process itself. In this review data on rat and man from our laboratory and from recent literature have been thoroughly examined and compared in order to provide the 'state-of-the-art' on the role of mitochondria in aging. Alterations of structure and expression of mitochondrial genome with aging, to find out the eventual relevant changes of mitochondrial biogenesis, have been studied in rat whereas the relationship between cytochrome c oxidase activity and 'common deletion' has been studied in man. Results on the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on the mitochondrial functionality are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Gadaleta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari, Italy
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19
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Lezza AM, Cormio A, Gerardi P, Silvestri G, Servidei S, Serlenga L, Cantatore P, Gadaleta MN. Mitochondrial DNA deletions in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. FEBS Lett 1997; 418:167-70. [PMID: 9414119 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)01374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The deletions in the mitochondrial DNA from skeletal muscle samples of two oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy cases were studied using polymerase chain reaction techniques. The 4977 bp 'common deletion' was present in both specimens, exceeding the corresponding values of similarly aged, healthy controls. In the two samples multiple different mitochondrial DNA deletions, some case-specific and present at quite high, although not pathogenetic levels, were observed. The results suggest that mitochondrial DNA deletions, and the 'common deletion' in particular, might be a sensitive and early marker of a generalized mitochondrial suffering, due to a variety of pathological and physiological causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lezza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari, Italy
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