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Truong TN, Vo AT, Kang HJ. A model-free terminal sliding mode control for robots: Achieving fixed-time prescribed performance and convergence. ISA Trans 2024; 144:330-341. [PMID: 37977881 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces a new control strategy for robot manipulators, specifically designed to tackle the challenges associated with traditional model-based sliding mode (SM) controller design. These challenges include the need for accurately computed system models, knowledge of disturbance upper bounds, fixed-time convergence, prescribed performance, and the generation of chattering. To overcome these obstacles, we propose the incorporation of a neural network (NN) that effectively addresses these issues by removing the constraint of a precise system model. Additionally, we introduce a novel fixed-time prescribed performance control (PPC) to enhance response performance and position-tracking accuracy, while effectively limiting overshoot and maintaining steady-state error within the predefined range. To expedite the convergence of the SM surface to its equilibrium point, we introduce a faster terminal sliding mode (TSM) surface and a novel fixed-time reaching control algorithm (RCA) with adaptable factors. By integrating these approaches, we develop a novel control strategy that successfully achieves the desired goals for robot manipulators. The effectiveness and stability of the proposed approach are validated through extensive simulations on a 3-DOF SAMSUNG FARA-AT2 robot manipulator, utilizing both Lyapunov criteria and performance evaluations. The results demonstrate improved convergence rate and tracking accuracy, reduced chattering, and enhanced controller robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Nguyen Truong
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
| | - Anh Tuan Vo
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Jun Kang
- School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
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Vo AT, Kieu SM, Nguyen NTH, Nguyen TTT, Dang PHH, Ngo TD. Endovascular treatment for life-threatening hemoptysis due to rupture of descending thoracic aortic aneurysm: A case series. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 110:108693. [PMID: 37625233 PMCID: PMC10470214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Aortic aneurysm is an uncommon but life-threatening cause of hemoptysis. Treatments include surgery and/or endovascular intervention, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Endovascular intervention is associated with good early and medium-term outcomes. CASE PRESENTATIONS We report three cases of hemoptysis due to ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm who underwent endovascular intervention. In all three cases, endovascular grafts were placed in the descending thoracic aorta, the number of grafts used was 1, the average time to stop hemoptysis was 4 to 5 days, and the length of hospital stay was between 6 and 8 days. No intravascular fistula, renal failure, prolonged mechanical ventilation and other major cardiovascular events were reported. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Endovascular treatment for descending TAA has been demonstrated to be safe and effective, particularly in emergencies in which patients presented with life-threatening hemoptysis, due to its rapid access to the aorta. In our experience at a tertiary hospital in southern Vietnam, the procedural time for a thoracic endovascular aortic repair is relatively brief and can last between 15 and 30 min. Thus, endovascular treatment for ruptured TAA can substantially improve patient prognosis, reduce mortality and complications. CONCLUSION The implementation of endovascular intervention can help improve prognosis, reduce mortality and complications in patients with hemoptysis due to ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Vo
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Dong Nai General Hospital, Viet Nam.
| | - Son Minh Kieu
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Dong Nai General Hospital, Viet Nam
| | | | - Truc T T Nguyen
- Translational Medicine Division, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Phuoc Ha Huu Dang
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Dong Nai General Hospital, Viet Nam
| | - Tuan Duc Ngo
- Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Dong Nai General Hospital, Viet Nam
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Truong TN, Vo AT, Kang HJ. Real-Time Implementation of the Prescribed Performance Tracking Control for Magnetic Levitation Systems. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:9132. [PMID: 36501837 PMCID: PMC9736337 DOI: 10.3390/s22239132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For magnetic levitation systems subject to dynamical uncertainty and exterior perturbations, we implement a real-time Prescribed Performance Control (PPC). A modified function of Global Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Manifold (GFTSMM) based on the transformed error of the novel PPC is introduced; hence, the error variable quickly converges to the equilibrium point with the prescribed performance, which means that maximum overshoot and steady-state of the controlled errors will be in a knowledge-defined boundary. To enhance the performance of Global Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control (GFTSMC) and to reduce chattering in the control input, a modified third-order sliding mode observer (MTOSMO) is proposed to estimate the whole uncertainty and external disturbance. The combination of the GFTSMC, PPC, and MTOSMO generates a novel solution ensuring a finite-time stable position of the controlled ball and the possibility of performing different orbit tracking missions with an impressive performance in terms of tracking accuracy, fast convergence, stabilization, and chattering reduction. It also possesses a simple design that is suitable for real-time applications. By using the Lyapunov-based method, the stable evidence of the developed method is fully verified. We implement a simulation and an experiment on the laboratory magnetic levitation model to demonstrate the improved performance of the developed control system.
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Vo AT, Truong TN, Kang HJ. An Adaptive Prescribed Performance Tracking Motion Control Methodology for Robotic Manipulators with Global Finite-Time Stability. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:7834. [PMID: 36298184 PMCID: PMC9609130 DOI: 10.3390/s22207834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the problem of an APPTMC for manipulators is investigated. During the robot's operation, the error states should be kept within an outlined range to ensure a steady-state and dynamic attitude. Firstly, we propose the modified PPFs. Afterward, a series of transformed errors is used to convert "constrained" systems into equivalent "unconstrained" ones, to facilitate control design. The modified PPFs ensure position tracking errors are managed in a pre-designed performance domain. Especially, the SSE boundaries will be symmetrical to zero, so when the transformed error is zero, the tracking error will be as well. Secondly, a modified NISMS based on the transformed errors allows for determining the highest acceptable range of the tracking errors in the steady-state, finite-time convergence index, and singularity elimination. Thirdly, a fixed-time USOSMO is proposed to directly estimate the lumped uncertainty. Fourthly, an ASTwCL is applied to deal with observer output errors and chattering. Finally, an observer-based-control solution is synthesized from the above techniques to achieve PCP in the sense of finite-time Lyapunov stability. In addition, the precision, robustness, as well as harmful chattering reduction of the proposed APPTMC are improved significantly. The Lyapunov theory is used to analyze the stability of closed-loop systems. Throughout simulations, the proposed PPTMC has been shown to perform well and be effective.
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Truong TN, Vo AT, Kang HJ, Van M. A Novel Active Fault-Tolerant Tracking Control for Robot Manipulators with Finite-Time Stability. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21238101. [PMID: 34884104 PMCID: PMC8659897 DOI: 10.3390/s21238101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many terminal sliding mode controllers (TSMCs) have been suggested to obtain exact tracking control of robotic manipulators in finite time. The ordinary method is based on TSMCs that secure trajectory tracking under the assumptions such as the known robot dynamic model and the determined upper boundary of uncertain components. Despite tracking errors that tend to zero in finite time, the weakness of TSMCs is chattering, slow convergence speed, and the need for the exact robot dynamic model. Few studies are handling the weakness of TSMCs by using the combination between TSMCs and finite-time observers. In this paper, we present a novel finite-time fault tolerance control (FTC) method for robotic manipulators. A finite-time fault detection observer (FTFDO) is proposed to estimate all uncertainties, external disturbances, and faults accurately and on time. From the estimated information of FTFDO, a novel finite-time FTC method is developed based on a new finite-time terminal sliding surface and a new finite-time reaching control law. Thanks to this approach, the proposed FTC method provides a fast convergence speed for both observation error and control error in finite time. The operation of the robot system is guaranteed with expected performance even in case of faults, including high tracking accuracy, small chattering behavior in control input signals, and fast transient response with the variation of disturbances, uncertainties, or faults. The stability and finite-time convergence of the proposed control system are verified that they are strictly guaranteed by Lyapunov theory and finite-time control theory. The simulation performance for a FARA robotic manipulator proves the proposed control theory’s correctness and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Nguyen Truong
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea; (T.N.T.); (A.T.V.)
| | - Anh Tuan Vo
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea; (T.N.T.); (A.T.V.)
| | - Hee-Jun Kang
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea; (T.N.T.); (A.T.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-52-259-2207
| | - Mien Van
- School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
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Vo AT, Nakajima T, Nguyen TTT, Nguyen NTH, Le NB, Cao TH, Nguyen DH. Aortic prosthetic size predictor in aortic valve replacement. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:221. [PMID: 34348752 PMCID: PMC8336273 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01601-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) is a major concern in aortic valve replacement (AVR) and leads to perioperative morbidity and rehospitalization. Predicting aortic annulus diameter pre-procedurally is crucial to managing patients with high-risk of PPM. Objectives To compare preoperative measurements of aortic annulus from echocardiography and CT scan with surgical sizing and develop an imaging-based algorithm to predict PPM.
Methods From January 2017 to December 2020, patients underwent AVR at a teaching hospital were examined. The relationship between imaging measurements with operative values was assesed using scatter plots and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Univariable linear regression was then used to build the predictive model. Results A total of 144 patients underwent AVR during the study period. Suture types and surgical approaches were not significantly associated with prosthesis size. CT scan-based measurements showed strong correlation with prosthesis size: mean diameter (R = 0.79), perimeter-derived diameter (R = 0.76), and area-derived diameter (R = 0.75). Mechanical valve and tissue valve shared similar correlation coefficients. Prosthesis size predictive models based on CT scan were 12.89 + 0.335 × d for mean diameter, 13.275 + 0.315 × d for perimeter-derived diameter and 13.626 + 0.309 × d for area-derived diameter. Conclusions Preoperative CT scan measurements are a reliable predictor of aortic prosthesis size. Transthoracic echocardiography is a possible alternative, though it is highly performer-dependent and unable to represent the aortic annulus fully. Together, these two imaging modalities can be used to quantitatively anticipate PPM preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Vo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 215 Hong Bang Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tomomi Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Trang Thi Thu Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 215 Hong Bang Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thoi Hai Nguyen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nga Bich Le
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tri Huu Cao
- Department of Surgery, Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 215 Hong Bang Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. .,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Pope CE, Vo AT, Hayden HS, Weiss EJ, Durfey S, McNamara S, Ratjen A, Grogan B, Carter S, Nay L, Parsek MR, Singh PK, McKone EF, Aitken ML, Rosenfeld MR, Hoffman LR. Changes in fecal microbiota with CFTR modulator therapy: A pilot study. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 20:742-746. [PMID: 33390317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that people with CF with pancreatic insufficiency (PI) have fecal dysbioses. Evidence suggests the causes of these dysbioses are multifactorial, and that important drivers include antibiotic exposure, dietary intake, and CF gastrointestinal tract dysfunction, including nutrient malabsorption. In this pilot study, we tested whether initiation of the CFTR modulator treatments ivacaftor (in a cohort of pancreatic sufficient (PS) people with CF and an R117H CFTR variant) or lumacaftor/ivacaftor (in a cohort of PI people with CF and an F508del variant) changed fecal measures of malabsorption or fecal microbiomes. While we identified no statistically significant fecal changes with either treatment, we detected trends in the PI cohort when initiating lumacaftor/ivacaftor towards decreased fecal fat content and towards fecal microbiomes that more closely resembled the fecal microbiota of people without PI. While these findings support a model in which nutrient malabsorption resulting from CF-induced PI drives fecal dysbiosis, they must be validated in future, larger studies of fecal microbiome and malabsorption outcomes with highly effective CFTR modulator therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Pope
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - A T Vo
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | - E J Weiss
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - S Durfey
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | - A Ratjen
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - B Grogan
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Carter
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Nay
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | - P K Singh
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - E F McKone
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Nguyen BH, Cao KD, Thao PTH, Vo AT, Le KM. Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) as a concealed cause of severe mitral regurgitation in children and adults: Case reports. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 75:147-151. [PMID: 32950944 PMCID: PMC7508687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital coronary artery anomaly and is a concealed cause of mitral regurgitation. PRESENTATION OF CASE We reported two cases of severe mitral regurgitation in whom the presence of ALCAPA was overlooked in the first cardiac surgery. In the first case, ALCAPA was diagnosed one year after the mitral annuloplasty and the surgical reimplantation was successfully performed. In the second case, ALCAPA was incidentally detected on multislice computerized tomography during preoperative workup for the second surgery to replace the dehiscent mitral prosthesis. DISCUSSION The clinical presentation of ALCAPA varies highly. It is not difficult to diagnose an ALCAPA in newborns and infants. Contrarily, ALCAPA in children and adults can be overlooked. CONCLUSION Physicians should always look for the presence of ALCAPA in patients who present with unexplained mitral regurgitation. The surgical strategy in patients with ALCAPA should be carefully individualised to achieve an optimal outcome and alleviate complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bac Hoang Nguyen
- Department of General Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Khang Dang Cao
- Cardiovascular Center, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Pham Thi Hieu Thao
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Ho ChiMinh City, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Tuan Vo
- Cardiovascular Center, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Khoi Minh Le
- Cardiovascular Center, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 215 Hong Bang str., District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Vo AT, Nguyen DH, Van Hoang S, Le KM, Nguyen TT, Nguyen VL, Nguyen BH, Truong BQ. Learning curve in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery: a single-center experience. J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 14:213. [PMID: 31806039 PMCID: PMC6896294 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-019-1038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery is becoming a gold standard and provides many advantages for patients. A learning curve is required for a surgeon to become proficient, and the exact number to overcome this curve is controversial. Our study aimed to define this number for mitral valve surgery in general, for replacement and repair separately. METHODS A total of 204 mitral valve surgeries were performed via the right minithoracotomy approach from October 2014 to January 2019 by a single surgeon who isexperienced in conventional mitral valve surgery. Learning curves were analysed based on the trend of important variables (cross-clamp time, CPB time, ventilation time, ICU time, composite technical failure) over time, and the number of operations required was calculated by CUSUM method. RESULTS MIMVS provided an excellent outcome in the carefully selected patients, with low mortality of 0.5% and low rate of complications. The decreasing trend of the important variables were observed over the years and as the cumulative number of procedures increased. The number of operations required to overcome the learning curve was 75 to 100 cases. When considered separately, the quantity for mitral valve replacement was 60 cases, whereas valve repair necessitated at least 90 cases to have an acceptable technical complication rate. CONCLUSION MIMVS is an excellent choice for mitral valve surgery. However, this approach required a long learning curve for a surgeon who is experienced in conventional mitral valve surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION The research was registered and approved by the ethical board of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, number 141/DHYD-HDDD, on April 11th 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Vo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. .,, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Sy Van Hoang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khoi Minh Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thu Trang Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vuong Lam Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bac Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Quang Truong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Van HT, Nguyen LH, Hoang TK, Tran TP, Vo AT, Pham T, Nguyen X. Using FeO-constituted iron slag wastes as heterogeneous catalyst for Fenton and ozonation processes to degrade Reactive Red 24 from aqueous solution. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Vo AT, Le KM, Nguyen TT, Vu TT, Pham CVT, Ngo HQT, Le TQ, Nguyen DH. Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery for Rheumatic Valve Disease. Heart Surg Forum 2019; 22:E390-E395. [DOI: 10.1532/hsf.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The development of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery has created the motivation for using this approach in young patients with chronic rheumatic valve disease. We report our recent experience with patients undergoing minimally mitral valve surgery in this group of patients.
Methods: Between July 2014 and June 2018, 142 patients with rheumatic mitral valve dysfunction underwent minimally invasive surgery through a right thoracotomy approach at the University Medical Center of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. Diagnosis was confirmed with transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography (TTE and TEE). We analyzed the in-hospital and midterm follow-up outcomes of this group.
Results: The mean age was 42.6 ± 9.6 years. Sixty patients (42.3%) were male. Sixty-three patients were diagnosed with functional severe tricuspid regurgitation, 29 patients were identified with moderate tricuspid regurgitation, and tricuspid annulus was more than 21 mm/m²). Mitral valve repair was performed in 16 patients (11.3%), and 126 patients underwent mitral valve replacement. Mitral valve repair techniques included annuloplasty, leaflet peeling, and commissurotomy. Thirty-day mortality was 0.7%. Two patients had to be converted to conventional sternotomy, due to left atrial appendage laceration and mitral annular rupture. The overall survival rate was 98.6%. Freedom from reoperation was 97.1%.
Conclusions: In patients with rheumatic valve disease, minimally invasive mitral surgery safely and effectively can be performed with few perioperative complications and good midterm results.
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Abstract
We present a case of left isomerism with total anomalous systemic venous connection where the inferior vena cava was absent and all other systemic veins connected abnormally to the left atrium. The right atrium was hypoplastic with an intact atrial septum. Blood flow to the lungs was through a large ventricular septal defect. The diagnosis was made with echocardiography, angiography, and computed tomography. Complete repair was performed successfully, and the 7-year-old patient had an uneventful recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Vo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khang Dang Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khoi Minh Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Abstract
Background The development of minimally invasive surgery in the adult has created motivation for similar approaches in the congenital heart domain. Over the past 20 years, this type of surgery has been advocated in an effort to reduce costs related to hospital stay, and to improve the cosmetic results. We report our experience with ventricular septal defect repair utilizing a ministernotomy incision. Methods From August 2014 to August 2015, 26 patients underwent ministernotomy for correction of ventricular septal defect at our center. All patients were between the ages of 14 months-old to 24 years-old with weight ranged from 7.5 to 54 kg (median weight 12 kg). Diagnoses were confirmed with echocardiography. We analysed in-hospital and 6 months follow-up outcomes of the group. Results All defects were corrected successfully with satisfactory exposure. The median cardiopulmonary bypass time was 64 min, and median cross clamp time was 42 min. The intensive care unit stay ranged from 1 day to 3 days (median ICU stay, 1.5 days) and the hospital stay ranged from 4 to 13 days (median hospital stay, 5 days). There were no deaths during the operation or severe postoperative complications. No residual shunts were observed. Conclusion Our results demonstrated the safety and efficacy of ministernotomy for the correction of ventricular septal defect with improved cosmetic results in patients greater than 7.5 kg. This aprroach can be used in either the transatrial or transarterial approach, and in smaller weight infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Tuan Vo
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. .,, 108B Nguyen Van Luong Appartment, Ward 12, District 6, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Thien Tam Vu
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dinh Hoang Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in canine testis. Detergent-extracted canine testes were sonicated in the presence of protease inhibitors and purified on an affinity column with the ACE inhibitor, lisinopril, as an affinity ligand for ACE. The fractions recovered were assessed for ACE enzyme activity via an enzyme kinetic microplate assay (at 330 nm) based on the hydrolysis of Fa-Phe-Gly-Gly (FAPGG) at pH 7.5 during an 8 min incubation. The specific activity of ACE in the starting testicular extracts was 3.53 +/- 0.99 mU mg(-1) protein with a 1588 times enrichment in ACE activity after lisinopril affinity chromatography (4239 +/- 2600 mU mg(-1) protein). The recovery efficiency of ACE after lisinopril affinity chromatography was 71.2%. The ACE activity in the detergent extracts and the purified fractions was inhibited significantly by 10 micromol captopril l(-1), a specific ACE inhibitor, and was restored to 88% of normal activity by the addition of the thiol-alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide (0.5 mmol l(-1)) in the detergent extracts and the purified fractions incubated with captopril. The treatment of testicular extracts with 10 mmol EDTA l(-1) reduced the ACE activity significantly (5.40 +/- 1.26 versus 0.58 +/- 0.23 mU mg(-1)). The ACE activity was restored fully in the presence of zinc (5.28 +/- 0.70 mU mg(-1)). The anti-ACE antibody (raised against a 70 kDa protein from the periacrosomal plasma membrane of equine spermatozoa) recognized a 65-70 kDa protein in the detergent-extracted testes as well as in the affinity-purified fractions. This antibody also recognized a protein of similar molecular mass in ejaculated spermatozoa. ACE was localized in the periacrosomal area of the ejaculated spermatozoa and in spermatids in the seminiferous tubules. The results of this study demonstrate that ACE is present in canine testis and retains its enzyme activity after purification with lisinopril affinity chromatography. Activity of canine ACE is inhibited by captopril and EDTA and is restored in the presence of N-ethylmaleimide and zinc.
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Sabeur K, Vo AT, Ball BA. Characterization of angiotensin-converting enzyme in canine testis. Reproduction 2001; 122:139-46. [PMID: 11425338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in canine testis. Detergent-extracted canine testes were sonicated in the presence of protease inhibitors and purified on an affinity column with the ACE inhibitor, lisinopril, as an affinity ligand for ACE. The fractions recovered were assessed for ACE enzyme activity via an enzyme kinetic microplate assay (at 330 nm) based on the hydrolysis of Fa-Phe-Gly-Gly (FAPGG) at pH 7.5 during an 8 min incubation. The specific activity of ACE in the starting testicular extracts was 3.53 +/- 0.99 mU mg(-1) protein with a 1588 times enrichment in ACE activity after lisinopril affinity chromatography (4239 +/- 2600 mU mg(-1) protein). The recovery efficiency of ACE after lisinopril affinity chromatography was 71.2%. The ACE activity in the detergent extracts and the purified fractions was inhibited significantly by 10 micromol captopril l(-1), a specific ACE inhibitor, and was restored to 88% of normal activity by the addition of the thiol-alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide (0.5 mmol l(-1)) in the detergent extracts and the purified fractions incubated with captopril. The treatment of testicular extracts with 10 mmol EDTA l(-1) reduced the ACE activity significantly (5.40 +/- 1.26 versus 0.58 +/- 0.23 mU mg(-1)). The ACE activity was restored fully in the presence of zinc (5.28 +/- 0.70 mU mg(-1)). The anti-ACE antibody (raised against a 70 kDa protein from the periacrosomal plasma membrane of equine spermatozoa) recognized a 65-70 kDa protein in the detergent-extracted testes as well as in the affinity-purified fractions. This antibody also recognized a protein of similar molecular mass in ejaculated spermatozoa. ACE was localized in the periacrosomal area of the ejaculated spermatozoa and in spermatids in the seminiferous tubules. The results of this study demonstrate that ACE is present in canine testis and retains its enzyme activity after purification with lisinopril affinity chromatography. Activity of canine ACE is inhibited by captopril and EDTA and is restored in the presence of N-ethylmaleimide and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sabeur
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 1114 Tupper Hall, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by equine spermatozoa. SAMPLE POPULATION Multiple semen samples collected from 9 stallions. PROCEDURE Equine spermatozoa were separated from seminal plasma on a discontinuous polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated silica gradient and resuspended in a modified Tyrode albumin-lactate-pyruvate medium. Amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated was assayed by use of a 1-step fluorometric assay, using 10-acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine as a probe for detection of H2O2 in a microplate assay format. Concentration of H2O2 was determined by use of a fluorescence microplate reader. RESULTS Amount of H2O2 generated increased significantly with time and spermatozoa concentration for live and flash-frozen spermatozoa, and amount of H2O2 generated was significantly greater for flash-frozen than for live spermatozoa. Addition of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) significantly increased generation of H2O2 by live and flash-frozen spermatozoa. Addition of a calcium ionophore also significantly increased the amount of H2O2 generated by live spermatozoa but did not have an effect on amount of H2O2 generated by flash-frozen spermatozoa. Abnormal equine spermatozoa generated significantly greater amounts of H2O2 than did normal spermatozoa. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Equine spermatozoa generate ROS in vitro, possibly via a NADPH-oxidase reaction. Spermatozoa damaged during flash-freezing or morphologically abnormal spermatozoa generated significantly greater amounts of ROS than did live or morphologically normal spermatozoa. Damaged and abnormal spermatozoa generate greater amounts of ROS that may contribute to reduced fertility or problems related to semen preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Ball
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Abstract
Angiotensin II is a hormone with a wide array of physiological effects that exerts its effect via interaction with two major subtypes of receptor. The results of this study show that angiotensin II (from 1 to 100 nmol l(-1)) initiates acrosomal exocytosis in equine spermatozoa that have undergone capacitation in vitro in a TALP-TEST (Tyrode's albumin lactate pyruvate; 188.7 mmol TES l(-1), 84.8 mmol Tris l(-1)) buffer with cAMP. The acrosome reaction and sperm viability were assessed with fluorescein isothiocyanate-Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC-PSA) and Hoechst 33258, respectively. The initiation of the acrosome reaction by angiotensin II was strongly inhibited by losartan, a specific angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. Although angiotensin II as well as progesterone both initiated the acrosome reaction in equine spermatozoa, there was no synergistic effect when both agonists were added simultaneously. Initiation of acrosomal exocytosis by angiotensin II was accompanied by a rapid and transient calcium influx that was assessed in capacitated spermatozoa loaded with Fura-2AM. In addition, the angiotensin II-mediated calcium influx was inhibited when spermatozoa were preincubated with losartan. Western blotting with an antibody against angiotensin II type 1 receptor detected a major sperm protein of 60 kDa. Indirect immunofluorescence of non-capacitated spermatozoa with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody revealed labelling in the midpiece and tail. In capacitated spermatozoa, the angiotensin II type 1 receptor was localized mainly over the anterior region of the sperm head, the equatorial segment and occasionally on the postacrosomal region in addition to the sperm tail. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the ability of angiotensin II to stimulate the acrosome reaction in capacitated equine spermatozoa. This effect is mediated via the angiotensin II type 1 receptor and is accompanied by an increase in intracellular calcium.
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Sabeur K, Vo AT, Ball BA. Effects of angiotensin II on the acrosome reaction in equine spermatozoa. J Reprod Fertil 2000; 120:135-42. [PMID: 11006155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II is a hormone with a wide array of physiological effects that exerts its effect via interaction with two major subtypes of receptor. The results of this study show that angiotensin II (from 1 to 100 nmol l(-1)) initiates acrosomal exocytosis in equine spermatozoa that have undergone capacitation in vitro in a TALP-TEST (Tyrode's albumin lactate pyruvate; 188.7 mmol TES l(-1), 84.8 mmol Tris l(-1)) buffer with cAMP. The acrosome reaction and sperm viability were assessed with fluorescein isothiocyanate-Pisum sativum agglutinin (FITC-PSA) and Hoechst 33258, respectively. The initiation of the acrosome reaction by angiotensin II was strongly inhibited by losartan, a specific angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. Although angiotensin II as well as progesterone both initiated the acrosome reaction in equine spermatozoa, there was no synergistic effect when both agonists were added simultaneously. Initiation of acrosomal exocytosis by angiotensin II was accompanied by a rapid and transient calcium influx that was assessed in capacitated spermatozoa loaded with Fura-2AM. In addition, the angiotensin II-mediated calcium influx was inhibited when spermatozoa were preincubated with losartan. Western blotting with an antibody against angiotensin II type 1 receptor detected a major sperm protein of 60 kDa. Indirect immunofluorescence of non-capacitated spermatozoa with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody revealed labelling in the midpiece and tail. In capacitated spermatozoa, the angiotensin II type 1 receptor was localized mainly over the anterior region of the sperm head, the equatorial segment and occasionally on the postacrosomal region in addition to the sperm tail. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the ability of angiotensin II to stimulate the acrosome reaction in capacitated equine spermatozoa. This effect is mediated via the angiotensin II type 1 receptor and is accompanied by an increase in intracellular calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sabeur
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, Room 1114 Tupper Hall, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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