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Kaghad A, Panagopoulos D, Caballero-García G, Zhai H, Britton R. An α-chloroaldehyde-based formal synthesis of eribulin. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1904. [PMID: 37019928 PMCID: PMC10076431 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eribulin (Halaven) is the most structurally complex non-peptidic drug made by total synthesis and has challenged preconceptions of synthetic feasibility in drug discovery and development. However, despite decades of research, the synthesis and manufacture of eribulin remains a daunting task. Here, we report syntheses of the most complex fragment of eribulin (C14-C35) used in two distinct industrial routes to this important anticancer drug. Our convergent strategy relies on a doubly diastereoselective Corey-Chaykovsky reaction to affect the union of two tetrahydrofuran-containing subunits. Notably, this process relies exclusively on enantiomerically enriched α-chloroaldehydes as building blocks for constructing the three densely functionalized oxygen heterocycles found in the C14-C35 fragment and all associated stereocenters. Overall, eribulin can now be produced in a total of 52 steps, which is a significant reduction from that reported in both academic and industrial syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Kaghad
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Dimitrios Panagopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | | | - Huimin Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Robert Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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Sutherland M, Li A, Kaghad A, Panagopoulos D, Li F, Szewczyk M, Smil D, Scholten C, Bouché L, Stellfeld T, Arrowsmith CH, Barsyte D, Vedadi M, Hartung IV, Steuber H, Britton R, Santhakumar V. Rational Design and Synthesis of Selective PRMT4 Inhibitors: A New Chemotype for Development of Cancer Therapeutics*. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1116-1125. [PMID: 33513288 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine N-methyl transferase 4 (PRMT4) asymmetrically dimethylates the arginine residues of histone H3 and nonhistone proteins. The overexpression of PRMT4 in several cancers has stimulated interest in the discovery of inhibitors as biological tools and, potentially, therapeutics. Although several PRMT4 inhibitors have been reported, most display poor selectivity against other members of the PRMT family of methyl transferases. Herein, we report the structure-based design of a new class of alanine-containing 3-arylindoles as potent and selective PRMT4 inhibitors, and describe key structure-activity relationships for this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Sutherland
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Alice Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Anissa Kaghad
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Dimitrios Panagopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Magdalena Szewczyk
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - David Smil
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Cora Scholten
- Bayer A.G. Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals Muellerstr. 178, 13442, Berlin, Germany
| | - Léa Bouché
- Bayer A.G. Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals Muellerstr. 178, 13442, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Stellfeld
- Bayer A.G. Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals Muellerstr. 178, 13442, Berlin, Germany.,Innovation Campus Berlin, Nuvisan ICB GmbH, Müllerstraße 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Dalia Barsyte
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ingo V Hartung
- Bayer A.G. Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals Muellerstr. 178, 13442, Berlin, Germany.,Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Holger Steuber
- Bayer A.G. Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals Muellerstr. 178, 13442, Berlin, Germany.,Innovation Campus Berlin, Nuvisan ICB GmbH, Müllerstraße 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Vijayaratnam Santhakumar
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, MaRS Centre, South Tower, Suite 700, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
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