1
|
Ricchi I, Tarun A, Maretic HP, Frossard P, Van De Ville D. Dynamics of Functional Network Organization Through Graph Mixture Learning. Neuroimage 2022; 252:119037. [PMID: 35219859 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the organizational principles of human brain activity at the systems level remains a major challenge in network neuroscience. Here, we introduce a fully data-driven approach based on graph learning to extract meaningful repeating network patterns from regionally-averaged timecourses. We use the Graph Laplacian Mixture Model (GLMM), a generative model that treats functional data as a collection of signals expressed on multiple underlying graphs. By exploiting covariance between activity of brain regions, these graphs can be learned without resorting to structural information. To validate the proposed technique, we first apply it to task fMRI with a known experimental paradigm. The probability of each graph to occur at each time-point is found to be consistent with the task timing, while the spatial patterns associated to each epoch of the task are in line with previously established activation patterns using classical regression analysis. We further on apply the technique to resting state data, which leads to extracted graphs that correspond to well-known brain functional activation patterns. The GLMM allows to learn graphs entirely from the functional activity that, in practice, turn out to reveal high degrees of similarity to the structural connectome. The Default Mode Network (DMN) is always captured by the algorithm in the different tasks and resting state data. Therefore, we compare the states corresponding to this network within themselves and with structure. Overall, this method allows us to infer relevant functional brain networks without the need of structural connectome information. Moreover, we overcome the limitations of windowing the time sequences by feeding the GLMM with the whole functional signal and neglecting the focus on sub-portions of the signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ricchi
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, 1202, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland; School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Anjali Tarun
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, 1202, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland
| | - Hermina Petric Maretic
- School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Frossard
- School of Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, 1202, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sandini C, Zöller D, Schneider M, Tarun A, Armondo M, Nelson B, Amminger PG, Yuen HP, Markulev C, Schäffer MR, Mossaheb N, Schlögelhofer M, Smesny S, Hickie IB, Berger GE, Chen EY, de Haan L, Nieman DH, Nordentoft M, Riecher-Rössler A, Verma S, Thompson A, Yung AR, McGorry PD, Van De Ville D, Eliez S. Characterization and prediction of clinical pathways of vulnerability to psychosis through graph signal processing. eLife 2021; 10:59811. [PMID: 34569937 PMCID: PMC8476129 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Causal interactions between specific psychiatric symptoms could contribute to the heterogenous clinical trajectories observed in early psychopathology. Current diagnostic approaches merge clinical manifestations that co-occur across subjects and could significantly hinder our understanding of clinical pathways connecting individual symptoms. Network analysis techniques have emerged as alternative approaches that could help shed light on the complex dynamics of early psychopathology. The present study attempts to address the two main limitations that have in our opinion hindered the application of network approaches in the clinical setting. Firstly, we show that a multi-layer network analysis approach, can move beyond a static view of psychopathology, by providing an intuitive characterization of the role of specific symptoms in contributing to clinical trajectories over time. Secondly, we show that a Graph-Signal-Processing approach, can exploit knowledge of longitudinal interactions between symptoms, to predict clinical trajectories at the level of the individual. We test our approaches in two independent samples of individuals with genetic and clinical vulnerability for developing psychosis. Novel network approaches can allow to embrace the dynamic complexity of early psychopathology and help pave the way towards a more a personalized approach to clinical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Sandini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Zöller
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maude Schneider
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.,Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anjali Tarun
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Armondo
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul G Amminger
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hok Pan Yuen
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Connie Markulev
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Monica R Schäffer
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nilufar Mossaheb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Schlögelhofer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Smesny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Eric Yh Chen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Service of the Canton of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dorien H Nieman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Swapna Verma
- Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew Thompson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,North Warwickshire Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Conventry and Warwickshire National Health Service Partnership Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Ruth Yung
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick D McGorry
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Siffredi V, Farouj Y, Tarun A, Anderson V, Wood AG, McIlroy A, Leventer RJ, Spencer-Smith MM, Ville DVD. Large-scale functional network dynamics in human callosal agenesis: Increased subcortical involvement and preserved laterality. Neuroimage 2021; 243:118471. [PMID: 34455063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human brain, the corpus callosum is the major white-matter commissural tract enabling the transmission of sensory-motor, and higher level cognitive information between homotopic regions of the two cerebral hemispheres. Despite developmental absence (i.e., agenesis) of the corpus callosum (AgCC), functional connectivity is preserved, including interhemispheric connectivity. Subcortical structures have been hypothesised to provide alternative pathways to enable this preservation. To test this hypothesis, we used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) recordings in children with AgCC and typically developing children, and a time-resolved approach to retrieve temporal characteristics of whole-brain functional networks. We observed an increased engagement of the cerebellum and amygdala/hippocampus networks in children with AgCC compared to typically developing children. There was little evidence that laterality of activation networks was affected in AgCC. Our findings support the hypothesis that subcortical structures play an essential role in the functional reconfiguration of the brain in the absence of a corpus callosum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Siffredi
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Division of Development and Growth, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Younes Farouj
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anjali Tarun
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vicki Anderson
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Psychology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amanda G Wood
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Life and Health Sciences & Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK; School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Melbourne Burwood Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alissandra McIlroy
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard J Leventer
- Neuroscience Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Megan M Spencer-Smith
- Brain and Mind Research, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bommarito G, Tarun A, Farouj Y, Preti MG, Petracca M, Droby A, El Mendili MM, Inglese M, Van De Ville D. Altered anterior default mode network dynamics in progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2021; 28:206-216. [PMID: 34125626 DOI: 10.1177/13524585211018116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modifications in brain function remain relatively unexplored in progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS), despite their potential to provide new insights into the pathophysiology of the disease at this stage. OBJECTIVES To characterize the dynamics of functional networks at rest in patients with PMS, and the relation with clinical disability. METHODS Thirty-two patients with PMS underwent clinical and cognitive assessment. The dynamic properties of functional networks, retrieved from transient brain activity, were obtained from patients and 25 healthy controls (HCs). Sixteen HCs and 19 patients underwent a 1-year follow-up (FU) clinical and imaging assessment. Differences in the dynamic metrics between groups, their longitudinal changes, and the correlation with clinical disability were explored. RESULTS PMS patients, compared to HCs, showed a reduced dynamic functional activation of the anterior default mode network (aDMN) and a decrease in its opposite-signed co-activation with the executive control network (ECN), at baseline and FU. Processing speed and visuo-spatial memory negatively correlated to aDMN dynamic activity. The anti-couplings between aDMN and auditory/sensory-motor network, temporal-pole/amygdala, or salience networks were differently associated with separate cognitive domains. CONCLUSION Patients with PMS presented an altered aDMN functional recruitment and anti-correlation with ECN. The aDMN dynamic functional activity and interaction with other networks explained cognitive disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bommarito
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland / Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland / Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anjali Tarun
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland / Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Younes Farouj
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland / Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Giulia Preti
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland / Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Petracca
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amgad Droby
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Matilde Inglese
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy / Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA / Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland / Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tarun A, Wainstein-Andriano D, Sterpenich V, Bayer L, Perogamvros L, Solms M, Axmacher N, Schwartz S, Van De Ville D. NREM sleep stages specifically alter dynamical integration of large-scale brain networks. iScience 2020; 24:101923. [PMID: 33409474 PMCID: PMC7773861 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional dissociations in the brain observed during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep have been associated with reduced information integration and impaired consciousness that accompany increasing sleep depth. Here, we explored the dynamical properties of large-scale functional brain networks derived from transient brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Spatial brain maps generally display significant modifications in terms of their tendency to occur across wakefulness and NREM sleep. Unexpectedly, almost all networks predominated in activity during NREM stage 2 before an abrupt loss of activity is observed in NREM stage 3. Yet, functional connectivity and mutual dependencies between these networks progressively broke down with increasing sleep depth. Thus, the efficiency of information transfer during NREM stage 2 is low despite the high attempt to communicate. Critically, our approach provides relevant data for evaluating functional brain network integrity and our findings robustly support a significant advance in our neural models of human sleep and consciousness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Tarun
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (Institute of Bioengineering, Medical Image Processing Laboratory), Geneva 1202, Switzerland.,University of Geneva (Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics), Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Danyal Wainstein-Andriano
- University of Cape Town (Psychology Department, Faculty of Humanities), Cape Town 7701, South Africa.,Ruhr-Universität Bochum (Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology), Ruhr 44801, Germany
| | - Virginie Sterpenich
- University of Geneva, (Department of Basic Neurosciences), Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Bayer
- University Hospitals of Geneva (Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine), Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Lampros Perogamvros
- University of Geneva, (Department of Basic Neurosciences), Geneva 1202, Switzerland.,University Hospitals of Geneva (Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine), Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Mark Solms
- University of Cape Town (Psychology Department, Faculty of Humanities), Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Nikolai Axmacher
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum (Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology), Ruhr 44801, Germany
| | - Sophie Schwartz
- University of Geneva, (Department of Basic Neurosciences), Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (Institute of Bioengineering, Medical Image Processing Laboratory), Geneva 1202, Switzerland.,University of Geneva (Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics), Geneva 1202, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tarun A, Behjat H, Bolton T, Abramian D, Van De Ville D. Structural mediation of human brain activity revealed by white-matter interpolation of fMRI. Neuroimage 2020; 213:116718. [PMID: 32184188 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how the anatomy of the human brain constrains and influences the formation of large-scale functional networks remains a fundamental question in neuroscience. Here, given measured brain activity in gray matter, we interpolate these functional signals into the white matter on a structurally-informed high-resolution voxel-level brain grid. The interpolated volumes reflect the underlying anatomical information, revealing white matter structures that mediate the interaction between temporally coherent gray matter regions. Functional connectivity analyses of the interpolated volumes reveal an enriched picture of the default mode network (DMN) and its subcomponents, including the different white matter bundles that are implicated in their formation, thus extending currently known spatial patterns that are limited within the gray matter only. These subcomponents have distinct structure-function patterns, each of which are differentially observed during tasks, demonstrating plausible structural mechanisms for functional switching between task-positive and -negative components. This work opens new avenues for the integration of brain structure and function, and demonstrates the collective mediation of white matter pathways across short and long-distance functional connections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Tarun
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland.
| | - Hamid Behjat
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, University of Linköping, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
| | - Thomas Bolton
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland
| | - David Abramian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Linköping, Linköping, 58183, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1202, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bolton TAW, Tarun A, Sterpenich V, Schwartz S, Van De Ville D. Interactions Between Large-Scale Functional Brain Networks are Captured by Sparse Coupled HMMs. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2018; 37:230-240. [PMID: 28945590 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2017.2755369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides a window on the human brain at work. Spontaneous brain activity measured during resting-state has already provided many insights into brain function. In particular, recent interest in dynamic interactions between brain regions has increased the need for more advanced modeling tools. Here, we deploy a recent fMRI deconvolution technique to express resting-state temporal fluctuations as a combination of large-scale functional network activity profiles. Then, building upon a novel sparse coupled hidden Markov model (SCHMM) framework, we parameterised their temporal evolution as a mix between intrinsic dynamics, and a restricted set of cross-network modulatory couplings extracted in data-driven manner. We demonstrate and validate the method on simulated data, for which we observed that the SCHMM could accurately estimate network dynamics, revealing more precise insights about direct network-to-network modulatory influences than with conventional correlational methods. On experimental resting-state fMRI data, we unraveled a set of reproducible cross-network couplings across two independent datasets. Our framework opens new perspectives for capturing complex temporal dynamics and their changes in health and disease.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tarun A, Psarros C, Sanna F, Herdman L, Akoumianakis I, Antonopoulos A, Sayeed R, Krasopoulos G, Chuaiphichai S, Channon K, Antoniades C. P5388Redox-sensitive regulation of cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) and the potential protective role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the human heart. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p5388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
9
|
Moutanabbir O, Reiche M, Hähnel A, Erfurth W, Gösele U, Motohashi M, Tarun A, Hayazawa N, Kawata S. Nanoscale patterning induced strain redistribution in ultrathin strained Si layers on oxide. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:134013. [PMID: 20208119 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/13/134013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a comparative study of the influence of the thickness on the strain behavior upon nanoscale patterning of ultrathin strained Si layers directly on oxide. The strained layers were grown on a SiGe virtual substrate and transferred onto a SiO(2)/Si substrate using wafer bonding and hydrogen ion induced exfoliation. The post-patterning strain was evaluated using UV micro-Raman spectroscopy for thin (20 nm) and thick (60 nm) nanostructures with lateral dimensions in the range of 80-400 nm. We found that about 40-50% of the initial strain is maintained in the 20 nm thick nanostructures, whereas this fraction drops significantly to approximately 2-20% for the 60 nm thick ones. This phenomenon of free surface induced relaxation is described using detailed three-dimensional finite element simulations. The simulated strain 3D maps confirm the limited relaxation in thin nanostructures. This result has direct implications for the fabrication and manipulation of strained Si nanodevices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Moutanabbir
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tarun A, Shusterman D. VEGF Receptor 2 (KDR) is Up-regulated in the Nasal Mucosa of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitics. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
11
|
Tarun A, Shusterman D. TRPV1 gene expression in nasal epithelial cells declines with age. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|