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Julian MM, Riggs J, Wong K, Lawler JM, Brophy-Herb HE, Ribaudo J, Stacks A, Jester JM, Pitzen J, Rosenblum KL, Muzik M. Relationships reduce risks for child maltreatment: Results of an experimental trial of Infant Mental Health Home Visiting. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:979740. [PMID: 36926461 PMCID: PMC10012869 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.979740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research examining the effectiveness of home visiting programs that reduce child maltreatment or associated risks yield mixed findings; some find positive significant impacts on maltreatment, whereas others find small to no effects. The Michigan Model of Infant Mental Health Home Visiting (IMH-HV) is a manualized, needs-driven, relationship-focused, home-based intervention service that significantly impacts maternal and child outcomes; the effect of this intervention on child maltreatment has not been sufficiently evaluated. OBJECTIVE The current study examined associations between treatment and dosage of IMH-HV and child abuse potential in a longitudinal, randomized controlled trial (RCT). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Participants included 66 mother-infant dyads (Mother M age = 31.93 years at baseline; child M age = 11.22 months at baseline) who received up to 1 year of IMH-HV treatment (Mdn = 32 visits) or no IMH-HV treatment during the study period. METHODS Mothers completed a battery of assessments including the Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory (BCAP) at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up assessment. RESULTS Regression analyses indicated that after controlling for baseline BCAP scores, those who received any IMH-HV treatment had lower 12-month BCAP scores compared to those who received no treatment. Additionally, participation in more visits was associated with lower child abuse potential at 12 months, and a reduced likelihood of scoring in the risk range. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that greater participation in IMH-HV is associated with decreased risk for child maltreatment 1 year after initiating treatment. IMH-HV promotes parent-clinician therapeutic alliance and provides infant-parent psychotherapy which differentiate it from traditional home visiting programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Julian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jessica Riggs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kristyn Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jamie M Lawler
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, United States
| | - Holly E Brophy-Herb
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Julie Ribaudo
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ann Stacks
- Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer M Jester
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jerrica Pitzen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Katherine L Rosenblum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria Muzik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Brophy-Herb HE, Brincks A, Cook JL, Stacks A, Vallotton CD, Frosch C, Carson R, Wheeler R, Perkins HA, Jennings PA. Stress Intensity and Exhaustion Among Infant and Toddler Teachers: Descriptive Analysis and Associations with Sources of Stress and Coping Strategy Use. Early Educ Dev 2022; 34:1545-1564. [PMID: 37849911 PMCID: PMC10578649 DOI: 10.1080/10409289.2022.2151399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
This study described infant/toddler teachers' (N = 106) perceptions of stress intensity and exhaustion (emotional, physical, mental) intensity. We examined the associations between stress and exhaustion and teachers' reports of stress sources and coping strategy use. Using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), teachers from Early Head Start (EHS), EHS childcare-partnerships, or independent childcare programs (midwestern U.S.) completed twice-weekly reports of: stress and exhaustion intensity; stress sources (workload, children's behaviors, personal life); and, coping strategies (support from colleagues, distraction, mindfulness techniques, reframing). Research Findings Stress and exhaustion reports were similar to studies of preschool teachers. Workload and personal life stressors were associated with stress and all exhaustion types. Teachers used fewer than two different coping strategies/per reporting day. Only reframing was negatively associated with stress and emotional exhaustion. Teachers reported greater stress at end-of-week than beginning-of-week. Older teachers reported greater stress and emotional exhaustion. Although one-third of teachers reported ≥4 ACEs, early adversity was not associated with stress or exhaustion. Practice or Policy We discuss the results relative to the sparse literature on infant/toddler teachers' well-being and suggest areas for professional development supports while underscoring the need for EHS federal policy makers and program administrators to consider how to reduce/streamline workload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly E Brophy-Herb
- Michigan State University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Ahnalee Brincks
- Michigan State University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Jody L Cook
- Michigan State University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Ann Stacks
- Wayne State University, Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute
| | - Claire D Vallotton
- Michigan State University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | - Cynthia Frosch
- Auburn University. Department of Human Development and Family Studies
| | | | | | - Haiden A Perkins
- Michigan State University, Department of Human Development and Family Studies
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