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Leruez-Ville M, Chatzakis C, Lilleri D, Blazquez-Gamero D, Alarcon A, Bourgon N, Foulon I, Fourgeaud J, Gonce A, Jones CE, Klapper P, Krom A, Lazzarotto T, Lyall H, Paixao P, Papaevangelou V, Puchhammer E, Sourvinos G, Vallely P, Ville Y, Vossen A. Consensus recommendation for prenatal, neonatal and postnatal management of congenital cytomegalovirus infection from the European congenital infection initiative (ECCI). Lancet Reg Health Eur 2024; 40:100892. [PMID: 38590940 PMCID: PMC10999471 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection carries a significant burden with a 0.64% global prevalence and a 17-20% chance of serious long-term effects in children. Since the last guidelines, our understanding, particularly regarding primary maternal infections, has improved. A cCMV guidelines group was convened under the patronage of the European Society of Clinical Virology in April 2023 to refine these insights. The quality and validity of selected studies were assessed for potential biases and the GRADE framework was employed to evaluate quality of evidence across key domains. The resulting recommendations address managing cCMV, spanning prevention to postnatal care. Emphasizing early and accurate maternal diagnosis through serological tests enhances risk management and prevention strategies, including using valaciclovir to prevent vertical transmission. The guidelines also strive to refine personalized postnatal care based on risk assessments, ensuring targeted interventions for affected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Leruez-Ville
- Université Paris Cité, URP 7328 FETUS, F-75015, Paris, France
- Virology Laboratory, Reference Laboratory for Cytomegalovirus Infections, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, GHU Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Christos Chatzakis
- Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine Surgery and Imaging Unit, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, GHU Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniel Blazquez-Gamero
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alarcon
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, BCNatal (Barcelona Center for Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Bourgon
- Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine Surgery and Imaging Unit, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, GHU Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ina Foulon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, University Hospital UZ Brussel, Brussels Health Campus. De Poolster, Rehabilitation Centre, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Fourgeaud
- Université Paris Cité, URP 7328 FETUS, F-75015, Paris, France
- Virology Laboratory, Reference Laboratory for Cytomegalovirus Infections, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, GHU Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anna Gonce
- BCNatal: Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christine E. Jones
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton and NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klapper
- Microbiology and Virology Unit (EIGen), School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M139PT, UK
| | - André Krom
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Law, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tiziana Lazzarotto
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Paulo Paixao
- CHRC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vassiliki Papaevangelou
- Third Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Sourvinos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
| | - Pamela Vallely
- Microbiology and Virology Unit (EIGen), School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M139PT, UK
| | - Yves Ville
- Université Paris Cité, URP 7328 FETUS, F-75015, Paris, France
- Obstetrics, Fetal Medicine Surgery and Imaging Unit, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, GHU Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ann Vossen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Sanchez-Durán MA, Maiz N, Liutsko L, Bielsa-Pascual J, García-Sierra R, Zientalska AM, Velasco I, Vazquez E, Gracia O, Ribas A, Sitja N, Nadales M, Martinez C, Gonce A, Frick MA, Guerrero-Martínez M, Violán C, Torán P, Falguera-Puig G, Gol R. Universal screening programme for cytomegalovirus infection in the first trimester of pregnancy: study protocol for an observational multicentre study in the area of Barcelona (CITEMB study). BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071997. [PMID: 37474185 PMCID: PMC10357649 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the leading cause of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss and one of the main causes of neurological disability. Despite this, no universal screening programme for cCMV has been implemented in Spain. A recent study has shown that early treatment with valaciclovir, initiated in the first trimester and before the onset of signs in the fetus, reduces the risk of fetal infection. This finding favours the implementation of a universal screening programme for cCMV.The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a universal screening programme for cCMV during the first trimester of pregnancy in a primary care setting. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is an observational multicentre cohort study. The study will be conducted in four primary care settings from the Northern Metropolitan Barcelona area and three related hospitals and will last 3 years and will consist of a recruitment period of 18 months.In their first pregnancy visit, pregnant women will be offered to add a CMV serology test to the first trimester screening tests. Pregnant women with primary infection will be referred to the reference hospital, where they will continue treatment and follow-up according to the clinical protocol of the referral hospital, which includes treatment with valacyclovir. A CMV-PCR will be performed at birth on newborns of mothers with primary infection, and those who are infected will undergo neonatal follow-up for at least 12 months of life.For the analysis, the acceptance rate, the prevalence of primary CMV infections and the CMV seroprevalence in the first trimester of pregnancy will be studied. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained from the University Institute Foundation for Primary Health Care Research Jordi Gol i Gurina Ethics Committee 22/097-P dated 27 April 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angeles Sanchez-Durán
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerea Maiz
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liudmila Liutsko
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Mataró, Spain
- Area Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jofre Bielsa-Pascual
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Mataró, Spain
| | - Rosa García-Sierra
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Mataró, Spain
- Multidisciplinary Research Group in Health and Society (GREMSAS) (2017-SGR-917), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aneta Monika Zientalska
- Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Inés Velasco
- Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Eva Vazquez
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Esquerra, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Gracia
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Muntanya, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleida Ribas
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) St. Adrià de Besòs, Servei d'Atenció Primària Barcelonès Nord i Maresme, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Sitja
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Atenció Primària Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Maria Nadales
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Badalona, Institut Català de la Salut, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Martinez
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Catalunya, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Gonce
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- BCNatal: Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie Antoinette Frick
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Guerrero-Martínez
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Atenció Primària Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepción Violán
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Mataró, Spain
- Foundation Institute of Research in Health Sciences Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Pere Torán
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Metropolitana Nord, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Mataró, Spain
- Foundation Institute of Research in Health Sciences Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Gemma Falguera-Puig
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Sabadell, Spain
- GRASSIR, Grup preconsolidat en Recerca en Atenció a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva. IDIAP i AGAUR, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Gol
- Atencio a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Badalona, Institut Català de la Salut, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, IDIAP Jordi Gol, Barcelona, Spain
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Ponce J, Cobo T, Murillo C, Gonce A, Domínguez N, Crovetto F, Guirado L, Palacio M, Bennasar M. Preterm Prelabour Rupture of Membranes before Viability in Twin Pregnancies: What Can We Expect? J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082949. [PMID: 37109286 PMCID: PMC10140859 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROMs) before viability carries significant perinatal mortality and morbidity. Clinical management and prenatal counselling are a challenge, especially in twin pregnancies, due to scarce evidence on how previable PPROM affects this population. The aim of this study was to describe pregnancy outcomes of twin pregnancies complicated with previable PPROM and evaluate potential prognostic factors that may predict perinatal mortality. A retrospective cohort including dichorionic and monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated with PPROM before 24 + 0 weeks of pregnancy was evaluated. Perinatal outcomes of pregnancies managed expectantly were described. Factors predicting perinatal mortality or reaching periviability (defined from 23 + 0 weeks onwards) were evaluated. Of the 45 patients included, 7 (15.6%) spontaneously delivered within the first 24 h after diagnosis. Two patients (5.3%) requested selective termination of the affected twin. In the 36 ongoing pregnancies that opted for expectant management, the overall survival rate was 35/72 (48.6%). There were 25/36 (69.4%) patients who delivered after 23 + 0 weeks of pregnancy. When periviability was achieved, neonatal survival increased up to 35/44 (79.5%). Gestational age at delivery was the only independent risk factor of perinatal mortality. The overall survival rate of twin pregnancies complicated with previable PPROM is poor but similar to singletons. No prognostic factors, apart from achieving periviability, were identified as individual predictors of perinatal mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Ponce
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Cobo
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Murillo
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Gonce
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nadia Domínguez
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Crovetto
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Laura Guirado
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Palacio
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Bennasar
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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López M, Gonce A, Meler E, Plaza A, Hernández S, Martinez-Portilla RJ, Cobo T, García F, Gómez Roig MD, Gratacós E, Palacio M, Figueras F. Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Pregnancy: A Clinical Management Protocol and Considerations for Practice. Fetal Diagn Ther 2020; 47:519-528. [PMID: 32535599 PMCID: PMC7362587 DOI: 10.1159/000508487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has represented a major impact to health systems and societies worldwide. The generation of knowledge about the disease has occurred almost as fast as its global expansion. The mother and fetus do not seem to be at particularly high risk. Nevertheless, obstetrics and maternal-fetal medicine practice have suffered profound changes to adapt to the pandemic. In addition, there are aspects specific to COVID-19 and gestation that should be known by specialists in order to correctly diagnose the disease, classify the severity, distinguish specific signs of COVID-19 from those of obstetric complications, and take the most appropriate management decisions. In this review we present in a highly concise manner an evidence-based protocol for the management of COVID-19 in pregnancy. We briefly contemplate all relevant aspects that we believe a specialist in obstetrics and maternal medicine should know, ranging from basic concepts about the disease and protection measures in the obstetric setting to more specific aspects related to maternal-fetal management and childbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta López
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Gonce
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Meler
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Plaza
- Anaesthesiology Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Hernández
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raigam J Martinez-Portilla
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Cobo
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe García
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Gómez Roig
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Palacio
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Figueras
- Barcelona Centre for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain,
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Illa M, Mula R, Arigita M, Grande M, Gonce A, Borobio V, Borrell A. Likelihood ratios to apply for nasal bone, ductus venosus and tricuspid flow at the 11-13 weeks' scan in down syndrome screening. Fetal Diagn Ther 2013; 34:116-20. [PMID: 23817147 DOI: 10.1159/000351854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility of nasal bone (NB), ductus venosus (DV) and tricuspid flow (TF) at the 11-13 weeks' scan, calculate likelihood ratios for each of the markers and evaluate their efficacy in expanded and contingent screening strategies for Down syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS NB, DV and TF were assessed in 11,261 singleton fetuses undergoing first trimester combined screening. For each marker, Down syndrome detection rate (DR), false positive rate (FPR), positive, negative and isolated likelihood ratios (PLR, NLR and iLR) were calculated. Likelihood ratios were multiplied to the combined test risk either to the entire population or to the intermediate risk group (expanded and sequential strategies, respectively). RESULTS Down syndrome was diagnosed in 101 pregnancies. Feasibility for marker assessment ranged from 71 to 97%, DRs for isolated markers from 20 to 54% and FPRs from 1.3 to 5.3%. PLR ranged from 10 to 15, NLR from 0.5 to 0.8 and iLR from 3.9 to 5.6. When ultrasound markers were added to both strategies, a significant FPR reduction was observed. CONCLUSION The application of NB, DV and TF likelihood ratios to the combined test risk, either in an expanded or contingent strategy, result in a FPR reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Illa
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine (Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia), Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Muñoz-Cortes M, Arigita M, Falguera G, Seres A, Guix D, Baldrich E, Acera A, Torrent A, Rodriguez-Veret A, Lopez-Quesada E, Garcia-Moreno R, Gonce A, Borobio V, Borrell A. Contingent screening for Down syndrome completed in the first trimester: a multicenter study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012; 39:396-400. [PMID: 21674658 DOI: 10.1002/uog.9075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess a new contingent screening strategy for Down syndrome completed in the first trimester. METHODS First-trimester screening combining nuchal translucency thickness measurement and assessment of serum analytes (combined test) was offered to pregnant women who presented for prenatal care during the first trimester to nine health centers and community hospitals in the area served by the Catalan Public Health Service. If an intermediate risk (1/101-1/1000) for Down syndrome was identified, women were referred to the Hospital Clinic Barcelona for risk reassessment that included the use of secondary ultrasound markers (nasal bone, ductus venosus blood flow and tricuspid flow). Intermediate-risk women were divided into two subgroups for further analysis: high-intermediate risk (1/101-1/250) and low-intermediate risk (1/251-1/1000). We compared feasibility and efficacy of both combined and contingent screening strategies. RESULTS The combined test, the first screening stage, was performed in 16 001 pregnant women, of whom 1617 (10.1%) were found to have an intermediate risk. Further division of this group showed that 1.8% (n = 289) of women were at high-intermediate risk and 8.3% (n = 1328) at low-intermediate risk. The contingent screening strategy significantly reduced the false-positive rate, from 3.0% to 1.3-1.8% (P < 0.001), without affecting the detection rate (which was 75-79% and 76%, with and without the contingent screening strategy, respectively). However, only 45% of intermediate-risk patients underwent the second screening step due to a preference among high-intermediate-risk (1/101-1/250) women for invasive testing and to low uptake among low-intermediate-risk (1/251-1/1000) women. CONCLUSIONS The proposed first-trimester contingent strategy reduces the screen false-positive rate without impacting on the detection rate of Down syndrome. The low compliance observed in our study may prevent its use in certain populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Muñoz-Cortes
- Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Lopez M, Gonce A, Hernandez S, Lonca M, Palacio M, Figueras F, Coll O, Gratacos E. 638: Termination of pregnancy among HIV-infected women in the era of HAART. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.10.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Borrell A, Perez M, Figueras F, Meler E, Gonce A, Gratacos E. Reliability analysis on ductus venosus assessment at 11–14 weeks' gestation in a high-risk population. Prenat Diagn 2007; 27:442-6. [PMID: 17330222 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the intra- and interobserver reliability of the fetal ductus venosus (DV) blood flow measurements at 11-14 weeks' gestation in a high-risk population for chromosomal defects. METHODS Thirty-five consecutive singleton pregnancies at high risk for chromosomal or genetic anomalies were included. DV end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and the pulsatility index for veins (PIV) were determined by manual tracing in three sets of waveforms by a single sonographist to assess intraobserver reliability using transvaginal ultrasound. Subsequently, the EDV and the PIV were also determined in a further set by a second sonographist to assess interobserver reliability. Reliability was evaluated by means of the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The degree of agreement was also examined using the limits of agreement method. RESULTS The intraobserver reliability was 0.81 (95% C.I. 0.69-0.89) for EDV and 0.91 (95% C.I. 0.85-0.95) for the PIV, both corresponding to almost perfect reliability. The interobserver reliability was 0.50 (95% C.I. 0.20-0.70) for EDV, and 0.74 (95% C.I. 0.54-0.86) for PIV, corresponding respectively to moderate and substantial reliabilities. The 95% interval of the EDV differences (cm/s) within and between observers were (+6.1, - 4.6) and (+13.6, - 9.7), respectively. The 95% interval of the PIV differences within and between observers were (+0.32, - 0.36) and (+0.7, - 0.67), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Interobserver reliability for EDV is only moderate, whereas for the PIV is substantial, allowing its use for clinical purposes in a high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Borrell
- Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Hospital Clinic, Maternitat Campus, University of Barcelona Medical School, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Martinez-Zamora MA, Borrell A, Borobio V, Gonce A, Perez M, Botet F, Nadal A, Albert A, Puerto B, Fortuny A. False positives in the prenatal ultrasound screening of fetal structural anomalies. Prenat Diagn 2006; 27:18-22. [PMID: 17154189 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the false-positive diagnoses of prenatal ultrasound screening of fetal structural anomalies. METHODS Pregnancies with fetal structural anomalies either detected prenatally in our center or referred to us, were registered, evaluated, and followed-up prospectively by a multidisciplinary Congenital Defects Committee. After postnatal follow-up was completed, cases were assigned as true positives, false positives or false negatives and categorized by anatomical systems. Pregnancies referred with a nonconfirmed suspicion of anomaly were not included. The false-positive diagnoses were analyzed. RESULTS From 1994 to 2004, 903 new registry entries of fetuses structurally abnormal at ultrasound with a complete follow-up were included in the Committee database. There were 76 false positives, accounting for 9.3% of all the prenatally established diagnoses. The urinary tract anomalies were the most frequent false-positive diagnoses found (n = 25; accounting for 8.7% of the urinary tract defects), but the genital anomalies showed the higher rate of no confirmation (n = 5; 15.2%). The specific anomalies most commonly not confirmed were renal pyelectasis (n = 9), cerebral ventriculomegaly (n = 9), abdominal cysts (n = 7) and short limbs (n = 7). CONCLUSION Several prenatally diagnosed anomalies would benefit from prudent counseling, because they may be normal variants or transient findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angels Martinez-Zamora
- Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona Medical School, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Borrell A, Casals E, Fortuny A, Farre MT, Gonce A, Sanchez A, Soler A, Cararach V, Vanrell JA. First-trimester screening for trisomy 21 combining biochemistry and ultrasound at individually optimal gestational ages. An interventional study. Prenat Diagn 2005; 24:541-5. [PMID: 15300745 DOI: 10.1002/pd.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of the Combined Test in the prenatal detection of trisomy 21 in the general pregnant population using a new timing for the screening approach. METHODS First-trimester maternal serum biochemical markers (pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and free-beta hCG) were determined in maternal serum at 7 to 12 weeks. Fetal nuchal translucency and gestational age were assessed at the 10- to 14-week ultrasound scan. A combined risk was estimated and delivered to the women the same day. When the risk was 1:250 or above, chorionic villus sampling was offered. RESULTS Mean gestational age at biochemistry was 9.4 weeks, being 12.3 at ultrasound. In the 2780 studied pregnancies with a complete follow-up, observed detection rates were 88% (7/8) for trisomy 21 and 75% (3/4) for trisomy 18, with a 3.3% (92/2765) false-positive rate. CONCLUSION The Combined Test, assessing biochemistry and ultrasound at individually optimal ages in the first trimester, showed an 88% detection rate for trisomy 21 with a remarkably reduced false-positive rate (3.3%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Borrell
- Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona Medical School, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Borrell A, Gonce A, Martinez JM, Borobio V, Fortuny A, Coll O, Cuckle H. First-trimester screening for Down syndrome with ductus venosus Doppler studies in addition to nuchal translucency and serum markers. Prenat Diagn 2005; 25:901-5. [PMID: 16034840 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the improvement in screening efficiency when fetal ductus venosus Doppler studies are added to existing first-trimester Down syndrome screening protocols. METHODS Statistical modelling was used with parameters derived from prospective ductus venosus studies and from the published literature. The pulsatility index for veins (PIV), was determined in the fetal ductus venosus for 3706 unaffected and 25 Down syndrome pregnancies at 10-14 weeks' gestation. Concurrent nuchal translucency measurement and maternal serum pregnancy associated plasma protein A and free-beta human chorionic gonadotrophin were also measured. RESULTS The median PIV in Down syndrome was 1.70 times higher than in unaffected pregnancies (95% confidence interval 1.36-2.12). PIV levels followed an approximately log Gaussian distribution with log(10) standard deviations of 0.193 and 0.076 in Down syndrome and unaffected pregnancies. There were no statistically significant correlations between PIV and the other markers. Modelling predicts that for a fixed 5% false-positive rate, the addition of PIV to nuchal translucency alone will increase the detection rate from 76 to 85%, and combined with serum markers, from 88 to 92%. For a fixed 85% detection rate, the false-positive rate reduced from 15 to 4.8% and from 3.2 to 1.2% respectively. CONCLUSION Ductus venosus Doppler studies can substantially improve Down syndrome screening efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Borrell
- Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, University of Barcelona Medical School, Catalonia, Spain.
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Bosch J, Gonce A, Ros R, Carceller C. [Haemophilus influenzae and genital infection]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1991; 9:624-6. [PMID: 1822153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report nine cases of H. influenzae genital infections in women. Six patients had a total of 7 episodes of Bartholin glands abscess. One patient developed a post-caesarean endomyometritis on the 16th post-delivery day. The remaining patient developed an amniotic fluid infection in the 32nd week of pregnancy. All the nine H. influenzae strains were sensitive to ampicillin. We assess the rising importance of H. influenzae as an etiologic agent of female genital tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bosch
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Casa de Maternitat, Barcelona
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