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Nardozza AM, Guarnera L, Travaglini S, Ottone T, Divona M, De Bellis E, Savi A, Banella C, Noguera NI, Di Fusco D, Monteleone I, Voso MT. Characterization of a novel IDH2-R159H mutation in acute myeloid leukaemia: Effects on cell metabolism and differentiation. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:719-723. [PMID: 38009542 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Nardozza
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Guarnera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Travaglini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariadomenica Divona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora De Bellis
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- SC Ematologia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Arianna Savi
- Department of clinical and biological sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Banella
- Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Nelida Ines Noguera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Di Fusco
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Monteleone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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2
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Ottone T, Silvestrini G, Piazza R, Travaglini S, Gurnari C, Marchesi F, Nardozza AM, Fabiani E, Attardi E, Guarnera L, Divona M, Ricci P, Irno Consalvo MA, Ienzi S, Arcese R, Biagi A, Fiori L, Novello M, Mauriello A, Venditti A, Anemona L, Voso MT. Expression profiling of extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia suggests involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways. Leukemia 2023; 37:2383-2394. [PMID: 37803061 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-02054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Extramedullary (EM) colonization is a rare complication of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), occurring in about 10% of patients, but the processes underlying tissue invasion are not entirely characterized. Through the application of RNAseq technology, we examined the transcriptome profile of 13 AMLs, 9 of whom presented an EM localization. Our analysis revealed significant deregulation within the extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction and focal-adhesion pathways, specifically in the EM sites. The transcription factor TWIST1, which is known to impact on cancer invasion by dysregulating epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) processes, was significantly upregulated in EM-AML. To test the functional impact of TWIST1 overexpression, we treated OCI-AML3s with TWIST1-siRNA or metformin, a drug known to inhibit tumor progression in cancer models. After 48 h, we showed downregulation of TWIST1, and of the EMT-related genes FN1 and SNAI2. This was associated with significant impairment of migration and invasion processes by Boyden chamber assays. Our study shed light on the molecular mechanisms associated with EM tissue invasion in AML, and on the ability of metformin to interfere with key players of this process. TWIST1 may configure as candidate marker of EM-AML progression, and inhibition of EMT-pathways may represent an innovative therapeutic intervention to prevent or treat this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy
| | - G Silvestrini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - S Travaglini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - C Gurnari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research Department, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - F Marchesi
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Nardozza
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - E Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - E Attardi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - L Guarnera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Divona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
- Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - P Ricci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - M A Irno Consalvo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - S Ienzi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, F. Spaziani Hospital, Frosinone, Italy
| | - R Arcese
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, F. Spaziani Hospital, Frosinone, Italy
| | - A Biagi
- Hematology and Transplant Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, AUSL, Latina, Italy
| | - L Fiori
- Hematology and Transplant Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, AUSL, Latina, Italy
| | - M Novello
- Pathology Department, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - A Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - A Venditti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - L Anemona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - M T Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Ottone T, Faraoni I, Fucci G, Divona M, Travaglini S, De Bellis E, Marchesi F, Angelini DF, Palmieri R, Gurnari C, Giansanti M, Nardozza AM, Montesano F, Fabiani E, Lindfors Rossi EL, Cerretti R, Cicconi L, De Bardi M, Catanoso ML, Battistini L, Massoud R, Venditti A, Voso MT. Vitamin C Deficiency in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:890344. [PMID: 35832559 PMCID: PMC9271703 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.890344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C has been shown to play a significant role in suppressing progression of leukemia through epigenetic mechanisms. We aimed to study the role of vitamin C in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) biology and clinical course. To this purpose, the plasma levels of vitamin C at diagnosis in 62 patients with AML (including 5 cases with acute promyelocytic leukemia, APL),7 with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and in 15 healthy donors (HDs) were studied. As controls, vitamins A and E levels were analysed. Expression of the main vitamin C transporters and of the TET2 enzyme were investigated by a specific RQ-PCR while cytoplasmic vitamin C concentration and its uptake were studied in mononuclear cells (MNCs), lymphocytes and blast cells purified from AML samples, and MNCs isolated from HDs. There were no significant differences in vitamin A and E serum levels between patients and HDs. Conversely, vitamin C concentration was significantly lower in AML as compared to HDs (p<0.0001), inversely correlated with peripheral blast‐counts (p=0.029), significantly increased at the time of complete remission (CR) (p=0.04) and further decreased in resistant disease (p=0.002). Expression of the main vitamin C transporters SLC23A2, SLC2A1 and SLC2A3 was also significantly reduced in AML compared to HDs. In this line, cytoplasmic vitamin C levels were also significantly lower in AML-MNCs versus HDs, and in sorted blasts compared to normal lymphocytes in individual patients. No association was found between vitamin C plasma levels and the mutation profile of AML patients, as well as when considering cytogenetics or 2017 ELN risk stratification groups. Finally, vitamin C levels did not play a predictive role for overall or relapse-free survival. In conclusion, our study shows that vitamin C levels are significantly decreased in patients with AML at the time of initial diagnosis, further decrease during disease progression and return to normal upon achievement of CR. Correspondingly, low intracellular levels may mirror increased vitamin C metabolic consumption in proliferating AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Tiziana Ottone,
| | - Isabella Faraoni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariadomenica Divona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- UniCamillus‐Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Travaglini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora De Bellis
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Struttura Complessa (SC) Ematologia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Marchesi
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Francesca Angelini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palmieri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Manuela Giansanti
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Nardozza
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Montesano
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- UniCamillus‐Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Cerretti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cicconi
- Ospedale Santo Spirito, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Roma 1, Reparto di Ematologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Bardi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Catanoso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesú, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Battistini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Massoud
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Venditti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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Fabiani E, Cicconi L, Nardozza AM, Cristiano A, Rossi M, Ottone T, Falconi G, Divona M, Testi AM, Annibali O, Castelli R, Lazarevic V, Rego E, Montesinos P, Esteve J, Venditti A, Della Porta M, Arcese W, Lo-Coco F, Voso MT. Mutational profile of ZBTB16-RARA-positive acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Med 2021; 10:3839-3847. [PMID: 34042280 PMCID: PMC8209618 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ZBTB16‐RARA fusion gene, resulting from the reciprocal translocation between ZBTB16 on chromosome 11 and RARA genes on chromosome 17 [t(11;17)(q23;q21)], is rarely observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and accounts for about 1% of retinoic acid receptor‐α (RARA) rearrangements. AML with this rare translocation shows unusual bone marrow (BM) morphology, with intermediate aspects between acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and AML with maturation. Patients may have a high incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation at diagnosis, are poorly responsive to all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic tryoxyde, and are reported to have an overall poor prognosis. Aims The mutational profile of ZBTB16‐RARA rearranged AML has not been described so far. Materials and methods We performed targeted next‐generation sequencing of 24 myeloid genes in BM diagnostic samples from seven ZBTB16‐RARA+AML, 103 non‐RARA rearranged AML, and 46 APL. The seven ZBTB16‐RARA‐positive patients were then screened for additional mutations using whole exome sequencing (n = 3) or an extended cancer panel including 409 genes (n = 4). Results ZBTB16‐RARA+AML showed an intermediate number of mutations per patient and involvement of different genes, as compared to APL and other AMLs. In particular, we found a high incidence of ARID1A mutations in ZBTB16‐RARA+AML (five of seven cases, 71%). Mutations in ARID2 and SMARCA4, other tumor suppressor genes also belonging to SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, were also identified in one case (14%). Discussion and conclusion Our data suggest the association of mutations of the ARID1A gene and of the other members of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes with ZBTB16‐RARA+AMLs, where they may support the peculiar disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy.,UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cicconi
- Unit of Hematology, Santo Spirito Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Nardozza
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristiano
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Rossi
- Cancer Center - IRCCS Humanitas Clinical & Research Hospital and Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Falconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariadomenica Divona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Testi
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ombretta Annibali
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University Campus Biomedico, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Castelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Vladimir Lazarevic
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eduardo Rego
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, Sau Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pau Montesinos
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnico la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Esteve
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriano Venditti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Della Porta
- Cancer Center - IRCCS Humanitas Clinical & Research Hospital and Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - William Arcese
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lo-Coco
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata Rome, Rome, Italy
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5
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Travaglini S, Angelini DF, Alfonso V, Guerrera G, Lavorgna S, Divona M, Nardozza AM, Consalvo MI, Fabiani E, De Bardi M, Neri B, Forghieri F, Marchesi F, Paterno G, Cerretti R, Barragan E, Fiori V, Dominici S, Del Principe MI, Venditti A, Battistini L, Arcese W, Lo-Coco F, Voso MT, Ottone T. Characterization of FLT3-ITD mut acute myeloid leukemia: molecular profiling of leukemic precursor cells. Blood Cancer J 2020; 10:85. [PMID: 32843624 PMCID: PMC7447750 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-00352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3-ITD mutations (FLT3-ITDmut) remains a therapeutic challenge, with a still high relapse rate, despite targeted treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In this disease, the CD34/CD123/CD25/CD99+ leukemic precursor cells (LPCs) phenotype predicts for FLT3-ITD-positivity. The aim of this study was to characterize the distribution of FLT3-ITD mutation in different progenitor cell subsets to shed light on the subclonal architecture of FLT3-ITDmut AML. Using high-speed cell sorting, we sequentially purified LPCs and CD34+ progenitors in samples from patients with FLT3-ITDmut AML (n = 12). A higher FLT3-ITDmut load was observed within CD34/CD123/CD25/CD99+ LPCs, as compared to CD34+ progenitors (CD123+/-,CD25-,CD99low/-) (p = 0.0005) and mononuclear cells (MNCs) (p < 0.0001). This was associated with significantly increased CD99 mean fluorescence intensity in LPCs. Significantly higher FLT3-ITDmut burden was also observed in LPCs of AML patients with a small FLT3-ITDmut clones at diagnosis. On the contrary, the mutation burden of other myeloid genes was similar in MNCs, highly purified LPCs and/or CD34+ progenitors. Treatment with an anti-CD99 mAb was cytotoxic on LPCs in two patients, whereas there was no effect on CD34+ cells from healthy donors. Our study shows that FLT3-ITD mutations occur early in LPCs, which represent the leukemic reservoir. CD99 may represent a new therapeutic target in FLT3-ITDmut AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Travaglini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Alfonso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gisella Guerrera
- Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Lavorgna
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariadomenica Divona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Nardozza
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Irno Consalvo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Bardi
- Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Neri
- Ematologia, Ospedale S. Eugenio, Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Forghieri
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Marchesi
- Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella Cerretti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eva Barragan
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentina Fiori
- Diatheva srl, via Sant'Anna 131, 61030, Cartoceto, (PU), Italy
| | | | | | - Adriano Venditti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Battistini
- Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy
| | - William Arcese
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lo-Coco
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
- Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy
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