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Johard H, Omelyanenko A, Fei G, Zilberter M, Dave Z, Abu-Youssef R, Schmidt L, Harisankar A, Vincent CT, Walfridsson J, Nelander S, Harkany T, Blomgren K, Andäng M. HCN Channel Activity Balances Quiescence and Proliferation in Neural Stem Cells and Is a Selective Target for Neuroprotection During Cancer Treatment. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1522-1533. [PMID: 32665429 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Children suffering from neurologic cancers undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy are at high risk of reduced neurocognitive abilities likely via damage to proliferating neural stem cells (NSC). Therefore, strategies to protect NSCs are needed. We argue that induced cell-cycle arrest/quiescence in NSCs during cancer treatment can represent such a strategy. Here, we show that hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channels are dynamically expressed over the cell cycle in NSCs, depolarize the membrane potential, underlie spontaneous calcium oscillations and are required to maintain NSCs in the actively proliferating pool. Hyperpolarizing pharmacologic inhibition of HCN channels during exposure to ionizing radiation protects NSCs cells in neurogenic brain regions of young mice. In contrast, brain tumor-initiating cells, which also express HCN channels, remain proliferative during HCN inhibition. IMPLICATIONS: Our finding that NSCs can be selectively rescued while cancer cells remain sensitive to the treatment, provide a foundation for reduction of cognitive impairment in children with neurologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Johard
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Omelyanenko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gao Fei
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Misha Zilberter
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California
| | - Zankruti Dave
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Randa Abu-Youssef
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linnéa Schmidt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - C Theresa Vincent
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Sven Nelander
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tibor Harkany
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Andäng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Zanni G, Di Martino E, Omelyanenko A, Andäng M, Delle U, Elmroth K, Blomgren K. Lithium increases proliferation of hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells and rescues irradiation-induced cell cycle arrest in vitro. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37083-97. [PMID: 26397227 PMCID: PMC4741917 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy in children causes debilitating cognitive decline, partly linked to impaired neurogenesis. Irradiation targets primarily cancer cells but also endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) leading to cell death or cell cycle arrest. Here we evaluated the effects of lithium on proliferation, cell cycle and DNA damage after irradiation of young NSPCs in vitro. NSPCs were treated with 1 or 3 mM LiCl and we investigated proliferation capacity (neurosphere volume and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation). Using flow cytometry, we analysed apoptosis (annexin V), cell cycle (propidium iodide) and DNA damage (γH2AX) after irradiation (3.5 Gy) of lithium-treated NSPCs. Lithium increased BrdU incorporation and, dose-dependently, the number of cells in replicative phase as well as neurosphere growth. Irradiation induced cell cycle arrest in G1 and G2/M phases. Treatment with 3 mM LiCl was sufficient to increase NSPCs in S phase, boost neurosphere growth and reduce DNA damage. Lithium did not affect the levels of apoptosis, suggesting that it does not rescue NSPCs committed to apoptosis due to accumulated DNA damage. Lithium is a very promising candidate for protection of the juvenile brain from radiotherapy and for its potential to thereby improve the quality of life for those children who survive their cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Zanni
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Di Martino
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Omelyanenko
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Andäng
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ulla Delle
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kecke Elmroth
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden
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Omelyanenko A, Sekyrova P, Andäng M. ZD7288, a blocker of the HCN channel family, increases doubling time of mouse embryonic stem cells and modulates differentiation outcomes in a context-dependent manner. Springerplus 2016; 5:41. [PMID: 26835223 PMCID: PMC4715829 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1678-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are the starting cell type of choice for the development of many cell-based regenerative therapies due to their rapid and unlimited proliferation and broad differentiation potential. The unique pluripotent cell cycle underlies both these properties. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation (HCN) family channels have previously been reported to modulate mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) proliferation and here we characterize the effects of HCN inhibitor ZD7288 on ESC proliferation and stem cell identity. The doubling time of cells treated with the HCN blocker increased by ~30 % due to longer G1 and S phases, resulting in a nearly twofold reduction in ESC numbers after 4 day serum-free culture. Slower progression through S phase was not accompanied by H2AX phosphorylation or cell stalling at transition points, although EdU incorporation in treated cells was reduced. Despite the drastic cell cycle perturbations, the pluripotent status of the cells was not compromised by treatment. Cultures treated with the HCN blocker in maintenance conditions maintained pluripotency marker expression on both RNA and protein level, although we observed a reversible effect on morphology and colony formation frequency. Addition of ZD7288 in differentiating media improved FBS-driven differentiation, but not directed differentiation to neuroectoderm, further indicating that altered cell cycle structure does not necessarily compromise pluripotency and drive ESCs to differentiation. The categorically different outcomes of ZD7288 use during differentiation indicate that cell culture context can be determinative for effects of ion-modulatory molecules and underscores the need for exploring their action in serum-free conditions demanded by potential clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Omelyanenko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petra Sekyrova
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden ; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 735/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Andäng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden ; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 735/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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