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Rama Rao SV, Raju MVLN, Nagalakshmi D, Srilatha T, Paul SS, Prakash B, Kannan A. Higher concentrations of folic acid reduced the dietary requirements of supplemental methionine for commercial broilers. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:875-882. [PMID: 37402450 PMCID: PMC11065717 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An experiment was conducted to study the effect of supplementing DL methionine (DL Met) at graded concentrations on performance, carcass variables, immune responses and antioxidant variables in broiler chicken fed folic acid (FA) fortified (4 mg/kg) lowmethionine diet. METHODS A basal diet (BD) without supplemental DL Met, but with higher level (4 mg/kg) of FA and a control diet (CD) with the recommended concentration of methionine (Met) were prepared. The BD was supplemented with DL Met at graded concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% supplemental DL Met of CD). Each diet was fed ad libitum to 10 replicates of 5 broiler male chicks in each from 1 to 42 d of age. RESULTS Body weight gain (BWG) reduced, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased in broilers fed low-Met BD. At 30% and 20% inclusion of DL met, the BWG and FCR, respectively were similar to those fed the CD. Similarly, supplementation of 10% DL Met to the BD significantly increased ready to cook meat yield and breast meat weight, which were similar to those of the CD fed broilers. Lipid peroxidation reduced, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (GSHPx and GSHRx) in serum increased and lymphocyte proliferation increased with increased supplemental DL Met level in the BD. The concentrations of total protein and albumin in serum increased with DL Met supplementation to the BD. CONCLUSION Based on the data, it can be concluded that supplemental Met can be reduced to less than 50% in broiler chicken diets (4.40, 3.94, and 3.39 g/kg, respectively in pre-starter, starter and finisher phases) containing 4 mg/kg FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. V. Rama Rao
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030,
India
| | - M. V. L. N. Raju
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030,
India
| | - D. Nagalakshmi
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030,
India
| | - T. Srilatha
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030,
India
| | - S. S. Paul
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030,
India
| | - B. Prakash
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030,
India
| | - A. Kannan
- ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030,
India
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Rama Rao SV, Hulegondi N, Savaram A, Raju MVLN, Nagalakshmi D, Prakash B, Srilatha T, Paul SS, Kannan A. Supplemental phosphorus can be completely replaced with microbial phytase in White Leghorn layer diets. Br Poult Sci 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38597581 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2332721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
1. A study was conducted to assess the possibility of totally replacing supplemental phosphorus sources in White Leghorn (WL) layer diets (aged 28 to 45 weeks of age) with microbial phytase supplementation. One thousand commercial layers (HyLine White) of 28 weeks of age were housed in California cages fitted in open-sided poultry shed at the rate of 20 layers in each replicate. Ten replicates were randomly allotted to each treatment, and the respective diet was fed from 28 to 45 weeks of age.2. A control diet (CD) containing the recommended levels of non-phytate phosphorus (3.6 g/kg NPP) and four other test diets (2-5) having sub-optimal levels of NPP (2.4, 2.0, 1.6 and 1.2 g/kg), but with supplemental microbial phytase (600 FTU/kg) were prepared and fed for the trial duration.3. The layers fed with lower levels of NPP with phytase had the same laying performance as the group fed the CD. Egg production, feed efficiency, egg mass, shell defects, egg density, shell weight, shell thickness, ash content and breaking strength of the tibia and sternum were not affected by feeding the lowest concentration of NPP (1.2 g/kg) plus microbial phytase.4. Phytase supplementation in diets with sub-optimal levels of NPP (2.4, 2 and 1.6 g/kg) significantly improved the Haugh unit score compared to those fed the CD.5. It was concluded that supplemental phosphorus can be completely replaced with microbial phytase (600 FTU/kg) in a diet without affecting egg production, shell quality or bone mineral variables in WL layers (28 to 45 weeks).
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Rama Rao
- Nutrition, ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - N Hulegondi
- Data Management, Sri Ramadhootha Poultry Research Farm Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anusha Savaram
- Data Management, Sri Ramadhootha Poultry Research Farm Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - M V L N Raju
- Nutrition, ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - D Nagalakshmi
- Data Management, Sri Ramadhootha Poultry Research Farm Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - B Prakash
- Nutrition, ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - T Srilatha
- Nutrition, ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S S Paul
- Nutrition, ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Kannan
- Nutrition, ICAR - Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
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Kumar MV, Kannan A, Kailasam V. Alveolar Bone and Gingival Changes in Mandibular Anterior Region Following Herbst Appliance Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024; 17:114-120. [PMID: 38559862 PMCID: PMC10978510 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the alveolar bone changes and gingival recession following Herbst appliance therapy. Materials and methods Electronic databases such as PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched until August 2022. Hand-searching of major orthodontic journals was performed to identify all peer-reviewed articles potentially relevant to the review. The quality of the selected studies was ranked using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for nonrandomized trials-Risk of Bias In Nonrandomized Studies (ROBINS) 1. Results Five relevant articles (all nonrandomized studies) were considered for qualitative analysis. The risk of bias was low for four studies and moderate for one. The reduction in the vertical alveolar bone height was 0.13 ± 0.07 mm, with the Herbst appliance. The mean difference in the loss of buccal cortical thickness between the Herbst appliance and untreated control group was 0.22 mm [95% confidence interval (CI) of -0.62-0.18]. Subsequent to Herbst appliance therapy, in the mandibular anterior region 0.1 ± 0.5 mm of gingival recession was observed. Conclusion Herbst appliance treatment produces a negligible reduction in the buccal cortical thickness, vertical alveolar bone height, and gingival recession. Clinical significance Though the changes produced by the Herbst appliance were minimal, they are clinically important considering the young age of the patients warranting periodic periodontal assessment. How to cite this article Kumar MV, Kannan A, Kailasam V. Alveolar Bone and Gingival Changes in Mandibular Anterior Region Following Herbst Appliance Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(1):114-120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrithulaa Vadivel Kumar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College and Hospital, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Annapurna Kannan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College and Hospital, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vignesh Kailasam
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College and Hospital, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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P KK, Chiteti SR, Aileni VK, Babji S, Blackwelder WC, Kumar A, Vagha J, Nayak U, Mitra M, D N, Kar S, Yadav S, Naidu S, Mahantshetti N, Khalatkar V, Mohapatra S, Purthi PK, Sharma P, Kannan A, Dhongade RK, Prasad SD, Ella R, Vadrevu KM. Phase III randomized clinical studies to evaluate the immunogenicity, lot-to-lot consistency, and safety of ROTAVAC® liquid formulations (ROTAVAC 5C & 5D) and non-inferiority comparisons with licensed ROTAVAC® (frozen formulation) in healthy infants. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2278346. [PMID: 37968237 PMCID: PMC10760372 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2278346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The WHO pre-qualified rotavirus vaccine, ROTAVAC®, is derived naturally from the neonatal 116E rotavirus strain, and stored at -20°C. As refrigerator storage is preferable, immunogenicity and safety of liquid formulations kept at 2-8°C, having excipients to stabilize the rotavirus, with or without buffers, were compared with ROTAVAC® in different clinical studies. Study-1, the pivotal trial for this entire product development work, was a randomized, single-blind trial with two operationally seamless phases: (i) an exploratory phase involving 675 infants in which two formulations, ROTAVAC 5C (LnHRV-1.5 mL and LnHRV-2.0 mL) containing buffer and excipients to stabilize the virus against gastric acidity and temperature, were compared with ROTAVAC®. As the immune response of ROTAVAC 5C (LnHRV-2.0 mL) was non-inferior to ROTAVAC®, it was selected for (ii) confirmatory phase, involving 1,302 infants randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive three lots of LnHRV-2.0 mL, or ROTAVAC®. Primary objectives were the evaluation of non-inferiority and lot-to-lot consistency. The secondary objectives were to assess the safety and interference with the concomitant pentavalent vaccine. As it was separately established that buffers are not required for ROTAVAC®, in Study-2, the safety and immunogenicity of ROTAVAC 5D® (with excipients) were compared with ROTAVAC® and lot-to-lot consistency was assessed in another study. All lots elicited consistent immune responses, did not interfere with UIP vaccines, and had reactogenicity similar to ROTAVAC®. ROTAVAC 5C and ROTAVAC 5D® were immunogenic and well tolerated as ROTAVAC®. ROTAVAC 5D® had comparable immunogenicity and safety profiles with ROTAVAC® and can be stored at 2-8°C, leading to WHO pre-qualification.Clinical Trials Registration: Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI): CTRI/2015/02/005577CTRI/2016/11/007481 and CTRI/2019/03/017934.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kumari P
- Medical Affairs Department, Bharat Biotech International Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Vinay K. Aileni
- Medical Affairs Department, Bharat Biotech International Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sudhir Babji
- Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Paediatrics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Jayant Vagha
- Department of Paediatrics, Datta Megha Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Paediatrics, GMERS Medical College, Vadodara, India
| | - Monjori Mitra
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, India
| | - Narayanaappa D
- Department of Paediatrics, Jagadguru Shivarathreeshwara Medical College, Mysore, India
| | - Sonali Kar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sangeeta Yadav
- Department of Paediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Swamy Naidu
- Department of Paediatrics, King George Hospital, Vishakapatnam, India
| | - Niranjan Mahantshetti
- Department of Paediatrics, Dr. Prabhakar Kore Medical College & Hospital, Belgaum, India
| | | | | | - P. K. Purthi
- Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Department of Paediatrics, Maharshi Hospital & Research Centre, Jaipur, India
| | - A. Kannan
- Department of Paediatrics, Meenakshi Mission Hospital, Chennai, India
| | | | - Sai D. Prasad
- Medical Affairs Department, Bharat Biotech International Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | - Raches Ella
- Medical Affairs Department, Bharat Biotech International Limited, Hyderabad, India
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Varsha KS, Lakshmi KC, Ganesan A, Kannan A, Aniyan KY. Evaluation of Salivary Opiorphin, pH and Flow Rate in Oral Submucous Fibrosis - A Case - Control Observational Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2023; 15:S656-S660. [PMID: 37654371 PMCID: PMC10466623 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_15_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim and Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the salivary pH, flow rate and opiorphin in Oral submucous fibrosis patients and to compare them with healthy individuals. Materials and Methods A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the salivary opiorphin levels, pH and flow rate among 78 patients (39 Oral submucous fibrosis + 39 control). Burning sensation was assessed using VAS score. Opiorphin levels were assessed using Cusabio Human Salivary Opiorphin ELISA kit. Salivary flow rate was assessed using graduated syringes and salivary pH was assessed using Hydrion salivary pH strips. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro Wilk test were assessed for normality testing and distribution. Inferential statistics was done by using Unpaired t test/Independent sample t test to compare the mean values of variables included in the study among the OSMF and healthy patients. Results There was statistically significant difference in pH and flow rate with a reduction in the mean pH (p=0.024) and flow rate (p<0.01) among the oral submucous fibrosis patients compared to the control group. A statistically significant increase (p<0.01) in salivary opiorphin levels was noted in the oral submucous fibrosis patients. Majority of the study participants had mild to moderate burning sensation. Conclusion This study was a pilot evaluation of salivary opiorphin in OSMF. Salivary opiorphin could be used as an objective marker for chronic subjective conditions The pre-treatment and post treatment evaluation of salivary opiorphin could provide more insight on its role.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Varsha
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krithika C. Lakshmi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anuradha Ganesan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Kannan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Yesoda Aniyan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Saravana Murthy P, Kannan A, Ganesan A, Lakshmi KC, Aniyan Kumbalaparambil Y. Evaluating the expression of microRNA-15a-5p and YAP1 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison with normal tissue: A cross-sectional study. J Oral Pathol Med 2023. [PMID: 37285474 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in cancer progression, including oral cancer (OC). However, the biological mechanisms of miRNA-15a-5p in OC remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of miRNA-15a-5p and the YAP1 gene in OC. METHODS A total of 22 clinically and histologically confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were recruited, and their tissues were stored in a stabilizing solution. Later, RT-PCR was performed to evaluate miRNA-15a-5p and the targeting gene YAP1. The results of OSCC samples were compared with unpaired normal tissues. RESULTS The normality tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk, revealed a normal distribution. Inferential statistics were performed using an independent sample t-test/unpaired t-test among the study intervals to compare the expression of miR-15a and YAP1. SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Released 2019) was used to analyse the data. The significance level was set at 5% (α = 0.05), and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The expression of miRNA-15a-5p was lower in OSCC than in normal tissue, whereas the opposite was observed for YAP1 levels. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study demonstrated that miRNA-15a-5p was downregulated and YAP1 was overexpressed, which had a statistically significant difference between the normal and OSCC groups. Therefore, miRNA-15a-5p may serve as a novel biomarker to better understand the pathology and as a potential target in OSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Kannan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| | - Anuradha Ganesan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
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Mahawar B, Kannan A, Mahawar V, Srinivasan S. Intrathecal pain pumps in pain relief. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:240-244. [PMID: 36841671 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a significant global health issue, described as a bio-psychosocial phenomenon that hampers the integration of body, mind, and social functions. To relieve chronic intractable pain, intrathecal drug-delivery devices (IDDDs) are the last resort after conventional treatment options have been exhausted. This article outlines the indications, pharmacological agents, types, techniques, preparation of the patient, and complications of IDDDs for the management of challenging chronic pain (non-neoplastic and cancer-related pain) conditions in patients who have not responded well to a commonly used conventional line of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mahawar
- Interventional Pain and Palliative Care Department, Ramkrishna CARE Hospital, Raipur, 492001, India
| | - A Kannan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Republic of Singapore
| | - V Mahawar
- Radiodiagnosis and Intervention Radiology Department, Ramkrishna CARE Hospital, Raipur, 492001, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore, 768828, Republic of Singapore.
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Meenakshi A, Mythreyi O, Bramila M, Kannan A, Senbagamalar J. Application of neutrosophic optimal network using operations. IFS 2023. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-223718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Neutrosophic graphs deals with more complex, uncertain problems in real-life applications which provides more flexibility and compatibility than Intuitionistic fuzzy graphs. The aim of this paper is to enrich the efficiency of the network in accordance with productivity and quality. Here we develop two Neutrosophic graphs into a fully connected Neutrosophic network using the product of graphs. Such a type of network is formed from individuals with unique aspects in every field of work among them. This study proposes extending the other graph products and forming a single valued Neutrosophic graph to find the efficient productivity in the flow of information on a single source network of a single valued Neutrosophic network. An Optimal algorithm is proposed and illustrated with an application.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Meenakshi
- Department Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - O. Mythreyi
- Department Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Bramila
- Department of Mathematics, DRBCCC Hindu College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Kannan
- Department of Mathematics, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J. Senbagamalar
- Department Mathematics, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kannan A, Prakash B, Paul S, Rao SR, Raju M. Comparative assessment of organic and inorganic iron supplementation on performance, blood biochemistry, egg quality and egg iron concentration in laying hens. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2023. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2023.00004.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Raju M, Rao SR, Prakash B, Paul S, Kannan A. Effect of dietary inclusion of rice-distillers dried grains with solubles on performance and nutrient retention in laying chickens. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2023. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2023.00001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Kannan A, Padmanabhan S. Comparative Evaluation of Soft Tissue Profile Changes with Herbst and Twin Block Appliances in Class II Malocclusion Patients: A Perception Study. Turk J Orthod 2022; 35:173-179. [DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2022.21072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tandon M, Ranjan R, Muralidharan U, Kannan A. Influence of Anaemia on Multifactorial Disease Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Prospective Observational Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e27877. [PMID: 36110483 PMCID: PMC9462659 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a preventable cause of childhood blindness, is a severe complication of preterm (PT) birth treatment. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyse the risk factors (RF) associated with the development and progression of ROP. Particular focus is on the contribution of anaemia towards the development and progression of ROP. Methods: This study is a prospective observational study done in the Department of Paediatrics at Meenakshi Mission Hospital & Research Centre, Madurai, over 12 months from May 2013 to April 2014. The study included all consecutively admitted neonates born in and out of the hospital with gestational age (GA) less than or equal to 35 weeks or birth weight (BW) less than or equal to 2 kg and assessed for the gestational, perinatal, and postnatal RF. In addition, at the time of ROP screening, haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Hct) were checked. The statistical analysis was performed by Stata 11.1 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX). Result: The incidence of ROP in our study (46.7%) is higher than previously reported in India. In our study, GA and weight of the neonate at birth have a significant association with ROP incidence. Anaemia in our study is significantly associated with ROP incidence but not as an independent RF. The outcome of various stages of ROP is statistically significant, showing early stages 1 and 2 have more chances of spontaneous regression, and stages 3 and 4 are more likely to need treatment. Two cases in our study with stage 4 ROP had no complications, and none had stage 5 disease. Conclusion: Anaemia should be avoided or corrected in PT newborns as it is a potential and avoidable RF for ROP development. The limitation of our study is the small sample size, and probably more extensive randomized trials will help make this association clear. We recommend ROP screening for PT babies with GA less than 35 weeks and BW less than 2 kg who have the RF amounting to screening and done as per protocol.
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Thessalonica DJ, Nehemiah HK, Sreejith S, Kannan A. Metric-based rule optimizing system for code smell detection using Salp Swarm and Cockroach Swarm algorithm. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-220474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Software developers find it difficult to select the specific detection rules for different smell types. A set of metrics, thresholds and labels constitutes a code smells detection rule. The generated rules must be optimized efficiently to ensure successful rule selection. The objective is to identify how rules are generated from the labeled data set and selected using bio-inspired algorithms. The goals are met by employing the C4.5 and RIPPER algorithms to generate rules then, optimized using two bio-inspired algorithms, the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) and Cockroach Swarm Optimization (CSO). The optimized sets of rules are evaluated using the similarity metrics which are computed with the help of expected and the detected code smells. The common rule subsets from SSA and CSO are merged to produce the optimal rule subset which can be used for code smell detection. The proposed work has been experimented on Xerces-J, Log4J, Gantt Project and JFreeChart dataset. The work detected code smells with an accuracy of 91.7% for Xerces-J, 96.7% for JFreeChart, 88.6% for Gantt Project and 98% for Log4J. The findings will be useful for both theory and research since the proposed framework allows focusing on rule selection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S. Sreejith
- Ramanujan Computing Centre, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Kannan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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George JA, Kannan A, Kailasam V. Long-term hard and soft tissue response following isolated genioplasty: a systematic review. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 26:195-203. [PMID: 34383152 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-00991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genioplasty facilitates alteration of the chin position and contour which contributes to aesthetics and function. The response of the hard and soft tissues following genioplasty has not been assessed after a year or more of the surgery being performed. Hence, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the response of the hard and soft tissues occurring at least 1 year after the procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Ovid, LILACS, and Cochrane Library. Potential articles were identified wherein only studies with genioplasty performed as an isolated procedure and with data at least 12 months after the procedure were included. RESULTS Five studies were included in this systematic review. Two of the articles included were considered to be of good quality while three were considered to be of moderate quality using a modified Downs and Black tool. The ROBINS-I tool showed a moderate risk of bias for most domains. The study characteristics revealed varying degrees of relapse for the hard and soft tissues. CONCLUSIONS In the anteroposterior plane, the soft tissue relapsed more than the hard tissues 3 years post genioplasty. However, relapse in the vertical plane showed a wide variation for both the hard and soft tissues. In the anteroposterior plane, the hard tissue to soft tissue response 2 years or more following genioplasty ranged from 1:0.77 to 1:0.91 while in the vertical plane the hard tissue to soft tissue response ranged from 1:0.67 to 1:1.16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaymi Anna George
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Annapurna Kannan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vignesh Kailasam
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kannan A, Prakash B, Paul SS, Raju MVLN, Rama Rao SV, Shanmugam M. Effect of dietary supplementation of zinc proteinate on performance, egg quality, blood biochemical parameters, and egg zinc content in White Leghorn layers. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:160. [PMID: 35426520 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of zinc proteinate (Zn-P) on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant indices, and egg zinc content in laying hens from 38 to 49 weeks of age. A total of 150 White Leghorn layers were randomly assigned to five treatments, each with six replicates with five birds per replication. Dietary treatments included a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet with no zinc addition and basal diet supplemented with Zn-P at 40, 80, 120, or 160 mg/kg of feed for 12 weeks. The analyzed zinc concentrations of the five diets were 29.5, 70.8, 110.2, 147.5, and 187.5 mg Zn/kg, respectively. Dietary Zn-P supplementation had no effect on feed intake and egg production. However, raising the zinc level improved egg weight (P < 0.01) and egg mass (P < 0.05) and lowered the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05) during the later (46-49 weeks) period. The Zn-P supplementation also significantly (P < 0.05) increased Haugh units, egg shell strength, and shell thickness and had no influence on other egg quality parameters. Increasing zinc levels in the diet resulted in increase in egg zinc contents and serum zinc level. The serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in Zn-P-supplemented groups. Supplementation of Zn-P significantly (P < 0.05) increased serum Cu-Zn-SOD activity and reduced MDA concentration. It could be concluded that dietary supplementation of higher levels of Zn-P, more than 80 mg/kg diet, significantly improved the egg zinc content, some egg quality traits, antioxidant activity, and serum zinc levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kannan
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India.
| | - B Prakash
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India
| | - S S Paul
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India
| | - M V L N Raju
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India
| | - S V Rama Rao
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India
| | - M Shanmugam
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, 500030, Telangana, India
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Anusha B, Geetha P, Kannan A. Parkinson’s disease identification in homo sapiens based on hybrid ResNet-SVM and resnet-fuzzy svm models. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-220271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The identification of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a necessary concern for reducing the occurrences of nervous disorders and brain death. The prediction of PD based on symptoms is depending on the body conditions of patients as the symptoms differ for every individual. Doctors preferably use ionized radiation-free MRI scans since they offer more precise images of soft tissues in the brain. In the recent years, deep learning is the prominently used method for performing image analysis and classification. However, the systems developed using deep learning are not able to predict the PD accurately. In order to bridge the gaps present in the existing systems, we propose a hybrid model based on neuro-fuzzy classification to detect PD more accurately. For enhancing the accuracy of PD identification, we used the ResNet-18 deep learning architecture for the classification of MRI images. In addition to this, a hybrid framework is also proposed in this paper where the softmax layer of ResNet-18 is modified using non-linear SVM and Fuzzy SVM (fSVM) classifiers. The convolution and max-pooling layers of ResNet-18 are able to learn more objective features for classification. The proposed hybrid model of ResNet-fSVM is evaluated on the neuro-MRI images from the PPMI dataset and achieved 4.4% higher accuracy than the ResNet-18 model and 2.8% higher accuracy than hybrid ResNet-SVM model. The age group based results obtained in this work has proved that the accuracy of the proposed ResNet-fSVM hybrid model is better when it is compared with ResNet-18 and hybrid ResNet-SVM models. This system effectively detects Early-onset PD through its efficiency in classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Anusha
- Department of Information Science and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Geetha
- Department of Information Science and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Kannan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Isaac A, Nehemiah HK, Dunston SD, Elgin Christo V, Kannan A. Feature selection using competitive coevolution of bio-inspired algorithms for the diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema. Biomed Signal Process Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2021.103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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18
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Mathew DKD, Kannan A, Mathew J, Suraj P, Sunil B, Shyama K, Pathrose B. Characteristics of the leachate produced during nutrient recycling of food and poultry slaughter wastes by fly larvae. Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 2022. [DOI: 10.51966/jvas.2022.53.2.235-240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biowaste management is a pertinent problem and nutrient recycling utilizing fly larvae is an emerging solution. The leachate produced during biowaste management has potential implications for the environment but studies on this issue are scanty. This study was conducted to assess the characteristics of leachate produced during the bioconversion of food (BW-I) and poultry slaughter waste (BW-II) by natural fly larval activity. The results showed that total volumes of 2.2 L and 1.1 L leachate were produced for BW-I and II respectively. The highest pH in BW-I leachate was 7.43 ± 0.01 and the lowest pH in BW-II was 3.30 ± 0.12. The highest levels of BOD in BW-I and II were 36733.33 ± 430.63 mg/l and 2800.000 ± 999.50 mg/l. The highest level of COD in BW-I was 52575.000 ± 1076.86mg/l while in BW-II it was 4316.67 ± 790.45 mg/l. The high BOD and COD values of the leachate indicated that they needed to be pretreated before being released into the environment.
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Murugan A, Anuradha G, Kannan A, Lakshmi K. “Fruit in a tooth” - A rare non - Syndromic anomaly - 2 rare case reports with a genetic analysis. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_84_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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20
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Joy R, Kannan A, Lakshmi K, Lakshminrusimhan DKS, Roy A. Comparison of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Performance at Different Voxel Sizes in the Evaluation of Mandibular Canal – An In vitro Study. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_244_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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21
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Dhanasekaran S, Kannan A, Lakshmi K, Anuradha G, Aniyan KY. Efficacy of pulsed short wave therapy in symptomatic TMD patients: Randomized control trial. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_353_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Kumar S, Padmavathi S, Anuradha G, Kannan A, Krithika CL. Ellis Van Creveld Syndrome: A Case Report. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i61b35526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ellis Van Creveld Syndrome (EVC) is a infrequent inborn genetic disorder with an x-linked recessive pattern of inheritance. This is recognized by bilateral accessory little finger in upper extremity, short limbs, ectodermal dysplasia affecting teeth and nails, and congenital cardiac defect. The overall prevalence of this disease is 7 in 1000000. In this current case, a 9year old female patient reported with typical general and oral manifestations, which were key diagnostic features of EVC syndrome.
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Yeakel J, Hook N, Yamamoto M, Kannan A, Sanzaro E, Aleshin A, Harris J, Gao L. 444 Circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker for treatment response in an advanced Merkel cell carcinoma patient. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Groenewald RE, Clark S, Kannan A, Scherpelz P. Simulations of argon plasma decay in a thermionic converter. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:023207. [PMID: 33736101 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.023207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of an argon plasma in the gap of a thermionic diode is investigated using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The time-averaged diode current, as a function of the relative electrical potential between the electrodes, is studied while the plasma density depletes due to recombination on the electrode surfaces. Simulations were performed in both one and two dimensions, and significant differences were observed in the plasma decay between the two cases. Specifically, in two dimensions it was found that the electrostatic potential gradually changes as the plasma decays, while in one dimension fluctuations in the plasma led to large potential fluctuations which changed the plasma decay characteristics relative to the two-dimensional case. This creates significant differences in the time-averaged diode current. Furthermore, it was found that the maximum time-averaged current is collected when the diode voltage is set to the flat-band condition, where the cathode and anode vacuum biases are equal. This suggests a novel technique of measuring the difference in work functions between the cathode and anode in a thermionic converter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Clark
- Modern Electron Inc., Bothell, Washington 98011, USA
| | - A Kannan
- Modern Electron Inc., Bothell, Washington 98011, USA
| | - P Scherpelz
- Modern Electron Inc., Bothell, Washington 98011, USA
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25
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Srividya A, Kannan A, Lakshmi KC. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Survey on Special Care Dentistry: A Cross-sectional Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2021. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2021/48479.15145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Special Care Dentistry (SCD) is a dentistry branch that advocates equal dental Patient with Special Care Needs (PSCN). In several countries, it is a separate specialty. In India, it is still in its infancy. Few studies have explored the dentists' perception regarding SCD. Aim: To determine the knowledge and attitude about SCD, also the practice measures followed by the dentists in Chennai colleges. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in three dental colleges in Chennai from September 2019 to October 2019. A total of 230 dentists were enrolled using random sampling. A set of 20 close ended multiple choice questions were formulated and administered to dentists {Undergraduates (UGs) and Postgraduates (PGs)}. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test was performed using MATLAB software (Mathworks, 2015), with p<0.05. Results: A 78.8% of respondents got good scores of ≥7 in knowledge based questions, 25.6% of the participants showed overall positive attitude. Educational qualification did not affect respondents’ knowledge and attitude about SCD (p>0.05). Only 21.95% of UGs and 22.31% of the PGs have good self-confidence in treating patients with special needs. More than 80% have not administered Domiciliary Care (DC). A total of 65% of participants denied getting any training in their UGs/PGs curriculum. Conclusion: Dentists in the present study are aware about SCD. Clinical measures adopted by dentists and their confidence in treating these patients are suboptimal. Training in SCD should become integral part of future dental education.
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Anbumeena S, Kannan A, Krithika CL, Vasanthi V. Genotoxic and cytotoxic biomonitoring in patients exposed to panoramic dental radiography: Comparison between five different age groups. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_124_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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27
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Muth Lakshmi KSS, Krithika CL, Kannan A, Aniyan Y. Knowledge, awareness and outlook on the COVID-19 disease among the dental professionals in Tamil Nadu. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_149_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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28
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Sreejith S, Khanna Nehemiah H, Kannan A. Clinical data classification using an enhanced SMOTE and chaotic evolutionary feature selection. Comput Biol Med 2020; 126:103991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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Vijayalakshmi K, Raghuram PH, Saravanan K, Krithika CL, Kannan A. Validity of 3-Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for distinction of reactive and metastatic lymph nodes in head-and-neck carcinoma. J Cancer Res Ther 2020; 16:587-593. [PMID: 32719272 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_55_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objective was to study the relationship of 3-Tesla (3T) diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value for distinction of reactive and metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in head-and-neck carcinoma (HNC) patients and to determine the ADC cutoff value for metastatic LNs at various levels. Materials and Methods 3T DW and T1- and T2-weighted imaging sequences were done in 34 patients with biopsy-proven primary HNC of 100 cervical LNs ≥1 cm in diameter. The mean ADC values were compared with histopathologically proven LNs using the independent t-test. ADC cutoff value was evaluated with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results The mean ADC value of reactive LN was 1.2933 × 10-3 mm2/s and metastatic LN was 0.908 × 10-3 mm2/s. An ADC cutoff value was 0.868 × 10-3 mm2/s with 84% sensitivity, 96% specificity, 93% accuracy, 87.5% positive predictive value, and 94.7% negative predictive value. A significant difference in mean ADC value between reactive and metastatic LNs was noted (P< 0.001). Conclusion 3T DW-MRI is useful in differentiating reactive and metastatic cervical LNs in HNC patients. However, studies with larger sample size have to be performed to validate ADC threshold value with 3T DW-MRI in differentiating between reactive and metastatic LNs for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P H Raghuram
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Saravanan
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Sri Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C L Krithika
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Kannan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract
Surfactants in aqueous solutions self-assemble in the presence of salt, to form long, flexible, wormlike micelles (WLM). WLM solutions exhibit viscoelastic properties and are used in many applications, such as for cosmetic products, drag reduction, and hydraulic fracturing. Understanding the coalescence stability of bubbles in WLM solutions is important for the development of WLM based products that require a stable dispersion of bubbles. In this paper, we investigate the thin film drainage dynamics leading up to the coalescence of bubbles at flat WLM solution-air interfaces. The salts and surfactant type and concentrations were chosen so as to have the viscoelastic properties of the tested WLM solutions span over 2 orders of magnitude in moduli and relaxation times. The various stages in drainage and coalescence, the formation of a thick region at the apex (a dimple), the thinning and washout of this dimple, and the final stages of drainage before rupture, are modified by the viscoelasticity of the wormlike micellar solutions. As a result of the unique viscoelastic properties of the WLM solutions, we also observe a number of interesting fluid dynamic phenomena during the drainage processes including elastic recoil, thin film ripping, and single-step terminal drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chandran Suja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - A Kannan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - B Kubicka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - A Hadidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - G G Fuller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Isaac A, Nehemiah HK, Isaac A, Kannan A. Computer-Aided Diagnosis system for diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema using bio-inspired algorithms. Comput Biol Med 2020; 124:103940. [PMID: 32858484 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is a condition characterized by the destruction and permanent enlargement of the alveoli of the lungs. The destruction of gas-exchanging alveoli causes shortness of breath followed by a chronic cough and sputum production. A Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) framework for diagnosing pulmonary emphysema from chest Computed Tomography (CT) slices has been designed and implemented in this study. The process of implementing the CAD framework includes segmenting the lung tissues and extracting the regions of interest (ROIs) using the Spatial Intuitionistic Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm. The ROIs that were considered in this work were emphysematous lesions - namely, centrilobular, paraseptal, and bullae that were labelled by an expert radiologist. The shape, texture, and run-length features were extracted from each ROI. A wrapper approach that employed four bio-inspired algorithms - namely, Moth-Flame Optimization (MFO), Firefly Optimization (FFO), Artificial Bee Colony Optimization, and Ant Colony Optimization - with the accuracy of the support vector machine classifier as the fitness function was used to select the optimal feature subset. The selected features of each bio-inspired algorithm were trained independently using the Extreme Learning Machine classifier based on the tenfold cross-validation technique. The framework was tested on real-time and public emphysema datasets to perform binary classification of lung CT slices of patients with and without the presence of emphysema. The framework that used MFO and FFO for feature selection produced superior results regarding accuracy, precision, recall, and specificity for the real-time dataset and the public dataset, respectively, when compared to the other bio-inspired algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Isaac
- Ramanujan Computing Centre, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, TN, India
| | - H Khanna Nehemiah
- Ramanujan Computing Centre, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, TN, India.
| | - Anubha Isaac
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, TN, India
| | - A Kannan
- Department of Information Science and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, TN, India
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Prakash B, Verma SK, Rama Rao SV, Raju MVLN, Paul SS, Kannan A, Mishra S, Singh V, Sankhyan V. Feeding status of free-range scavenging chickens in different agro-climatic regions of India. Br Poult Sci 2019; 61:26-32. [PMID: 31573327 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1671956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional status of backyard chickens reared under 4 different agro-climatic conditions (tropical, humid subtropical, cool-temperate and semi-arid) of India during different seasons of the year and to compare their nutritional status with those reared under confined feeding system (CFS). In each season, 15 adult and 15 grower chickens were slaughtered for collecting content of crop and gizzard to assess the nutritional status from different agro-climatic conditions.2. The dry matter content of crop and gizzard was higher (P < 0.01) in chickens reared under backyard conditions compared to those reared under CFS.3. Higher (P < 0.01) crop and gizzard contents were recorded during winter compared to the rainy season. The proportion of grains in the crop during summer and winter season was higher compared to rainy season. Further, there were more insects present in the crop during the rainy season and winter compared to summer.4. The proportion of insects was higher in chickens reared in humid, subtropical and cool temperate regions compared to semi-arid conditions. The consumption of grasses was higher in cool-temperate regions as compared to those reared under other areas.5. Crude protein (CP), Ca, P and gross energy (GE) content of the crop were higher in chickens reared under CFS compared to those reared in backyard systems and CP in the crop contents was lower in backyard chickens reared in humid subtropical and semi-arid regions compared to other areas. Similarly, lower (P < 0.01) Ca levels were seen in crop and gizzard contents from birds reared in semi-arid Rajasthan, and P and GE were lower in tropical wet and dry Telangana (TWT) compared to the chickens reared in the backyard conditions in other regions.6. Based on the results, the nutrient intake for birds utilising the scavenging feed resource base (SFRB) in the TWT region was below the requirements of backyard chickens from the other regions selected in the present study. GE and CP were critically deficient in the SFRB of the TWT region. Therefore, evolving location-specific supplementary diets using locally available feed resources to meet nutrient requirement of backyard chickens is required for optimising production potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Prakash
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S K Verma
- Animal Nutrition, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S V Rama Rao
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - M V L N Raju
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S S Paul
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Kannan
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Mishra
- Department of Animal Production, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - V Singh
- Animal Science Division, ICAR Research complex for NEH region Tripura Centre, Lembucherra, Agartala, India
| | - V Sankhyan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, GCN Veterinary College Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Kannan A, Padmanabhan S. Correction to: Comparative evaluation of Icon® resin infiltration and Clinpro™ XT varnish on colour and fluorescence changes of white spot lesions: a randomized controlled trial. Prog Orthod 2019; 20:31. [PMID: 31350629 PMCID: PMC6660521 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-019-0283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Kannan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
| | - Sridevi Padmanabhan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Kannan A, Padmanabhan S. Comparative evaluation of Icon® resin infiltration and Clinpro™ XT varnish on colour and fluorescence changes of white spot lesions: a randomized controlled trial. Prog Orthod 2019; 20:23. [PMID: 31204437 PMCID: PMC6571438 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-019-0276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this trial was to comparatively evaluate Icon® resin infiltration and Clinpro™ XT varnish in restoring aesthetics of white spot lesions (WSLs) present post-orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods Two hundred forty WSLs were detected in 193 teeth of 12 patients. The participants were analysed—before intervention (T0), immediately after intervention (T1), 3 months later (T2) and 6 months later (T3), with a 1:1 allocation ratio for the application of Icon® resin infiltration and Clinpro™ XT varnish. Using a computer-generated allocation sequence, block randomization was done. A spectrophotometer was used to assess the colour of WSLs and the adjacent enamel, while a DIAGNOdent® was used to assess the fluorescence loss. Results Immediately after the intervention, Icon® resin infiltration showed statistically significant better improvement than Clinpro™ XT varnish in restoring the colour (p = 0.000); however, at 3 (p = 0.001) and 6 months (p = 0.000), this was reversed. Except at 3 months, the fluorescence loss sequentially reduced more for Icon® resin infiltration (4.48 ± 1.42 at T0 to 1.48 ± 0.81 at T3) and was not statistically significant. Conclusions Clinpro™ XT varnish showed significantly better improvement than Icon® resin infiltration in restoring the colour and lightness of the WSLs at 3 and 6 months. The fluorescence loss significantly recovered with both intervention methods between immediate application and at 6 months. However, Clinpro™ XT varnish-treated WSLs showed a statistically significant difference compared to the adjacent sound enamel at 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Kannan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
| | - Sridevi Padmanabhan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Priya AH, Kannan A, Anandi MS, Krithika CL, Raghuram PH. Angiolipoma-At a Rare Site. J Clin Diagn Res 2019. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2019/37241.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kanimozhi U, Ganapathy S, Manjula D, Kannan A. An Intelligent Risk Prediction System for Breast Cancer Using Fuzzy Temporal Rules. Natl Acad Sci Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40009-018-0732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Vijayalakshmi RV, Kannan A, Kumar PP, Ravichandran K, Rajakumar P. Effect of stabilizing agents on the conductivity of Co@TiO2
core–shell nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Chaudhary SK, Mandal AB, Bhar R, Gopi M, Kannan A, Jadhav SE, Rokade JJ. Effect of graded levels of soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder on reproductive performance in broiler breeders. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018; 32:118-125. [PMID: 30056680 PMCID: PMC6325405 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the effects of soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder (SSP) on serum hormone level, egg quality, semen characteristics and reproductive performance of broiler breeders fed with a maize-soybean meal based diet. Methods Ninety six female and twenty four male CARIBRO-VISHAL broiler breeders, 38-week old, were individually caged and randomly allocated to four treatment groups (24 female breeders/treatment and 6 male breeders/treatment): an un-supplemented control (T1) and three groups with 0.0176% SSP (group T2), 0.026% SSP (group T3) and 0.0528% SSP (group T4), to have supplementary saponin at 0, 50, 75, and 150 ppm, respectively, for 42 days. Results The results indicated that serum (p<0.001) and seminal plasma (p<0.05) testosterone level, semen volume (p<0.001), mass motility (p<0.001), and live spermatozoa count (p<0.001) was increased in groups T3 and T4 compared to T2 and control groups. Compared with control group, total sperm count was increased (p<0.001) and dead spermatozoa count was decreased (p<0.001) in SSP supplemented groups. Supplementation of SSP did not affected the quality of egg lay. Compared with control group, fertility (p<0.01) and hatchability (total eggs set and fertile eggs set) (p<0.001) were significantly improved in SSP supplemented groups with the highest improvement in T3 treatment group. Embryonic death was decreased (p< 0.001) in SSP supplemented groups compared to control; lowest embryonic death was recorded in T3 treatment group. Conclusion Thus, it was concluded that dietary supplementation of 0.026% SSP (saponin equivalent 75 ppm) improved the reproductive performance of broiler breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Chaudhary
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - A B Mandal
- Acting Director, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - R Bhar
- Animal Nutrition Lab, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, West Bengal 700037, India
| | - M Gopi
- Avian Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - A Kannan
- Animal Nutrition Lab, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India
| | - S E Jadhav
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - J J Rokade
- Avian Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
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Smith K, Mashiko S, Edelmayer R, Bi Y, Kaimal V, Olson L, Huang S, Wetter J, Salte K, Wang J, Li X, Garcet S, Kannan A, Cao S, Maari C, St-Cyr Proulx E, Liu Z, Krueger J, Sarfati M, Bissonnette R. 484 Mechanisms in residual plaques in patients with an overall good response to biologics. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kannan A, Olson L, Huang S, Su Z, Wetter J, Salte K, Edelmayer R, Todorovic V, Wang Y, McGaraughty S, Honore P, Scott V. 038 IL-36 mediated keratinocyte-myeloid cell crosstalk drives skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Retmin Raj CS, Nehemiah HK, Elizabeth DS, Kannan A. A Novel Feature-Significance Based k-Nearest Neighbour Classification Approach for Computer Aided Diagnosis of Lung Disorders. Curr Med Imaging 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1573405613666170504152628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sunil Retmin Raj
- Department of Information Technology, MIT Campus, Chrompet, Anna University, Chennai – 600044, Tamilnadu, India
| | - H. Khanna Nehemiah
- Ramanujan Computing Centre, CEG Campus, Anna University, Chennai – 600025, Tamilnadu, India
| | - D. Shiloah Elizabeth
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, CEG Campus, Anna University, Chennai – 600025, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A. Kannan
- Department of Information Science and Technology, CEG Campus, Anna University, Chennai – 600025, Tamilnadu, India
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Bhavani S, Chilambuchelvan A, Senthilkumar J, Manjula D, Krishnamoorthy R, Kannan A. A secure cloud-based multi-agent intelligent system for mammogram image diagnosis. IJBET 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbet.2018.094726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kannan A, Logambigai R. Energy conservation routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks using hybrid optimisation approach. IJCNDS 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijcnds.2018.10010692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kannan A, Krishnamoorthy R, Bhavani S, Chilambuchelvan A, Senthilkumar J, Manjula D. A secure cloud-based multi-agent intelligent system for mammogram image diagnosis. IJBET 2018. [DOI: 10.1504/ijbet.2018.10015723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nandakumar A, Vijayalakshmi K, Ramadoss R, Kannan A. Paranasal Sinus Carcinoma Dissimulating as Alveolar Osteitis. J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/34361.11168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chaudhary S, Bhar R, Mandal A, Rokade J, Jadhav S, Kannan A, Gopi M. Effect of Dietary Soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) Shell Powder on Selected Stress Indices, Lipid Profile and Litter Quality in Broiler Breeders. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2018.00029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sharma D, Mal G, Kannan A, Bhar R, Sharma R, Singh B. Degradation of euptox A by tannase-producing rumen bacteria from migratory goats. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:1194-1202. [PMID: 28801990 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The gut microbiota capable of degrading plant biomass and antinutritional phytometabolites are of immense importance. This study reports isolation and characterization of tannase-producing rumen bacteria that could also degrade euptox A (9-oxo-10,11-dehydroageraphorone) present in Eupatorium adenophorum (Spreng). METHODS AND RESULTS Migratory Gaddi goats were selected as source of inoculums for isolating rumen bacteria with ability to produce tannase which catalyses degradation of hydrolysable tannins (HTs). Three rumen bacterial isolates producing tannase were studied, and identified as Klebsiella variicola strain PLP G-17 LC, K. variicola strain PLP S-18 and Klebsiella pneumoniae strain PLP G-17 SC. The isolates exhibited optimal tannase activity at 40°C, and pH 6·0. The bacteria could also degrade euptox A, a potent hepatotoxin in E. adenophorum Spreng, a widely distributed noxious weed. CONCLUSIONS The rumen bacteria could degrade antinutritional HTs and euptox A. Culture-independent metagenomic interventions are envisioned to completely decipher the rumen microbial ecology and exploit its genetic and metabolic potential. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The bacteria producing tannase which catalyses degradation of HTs, and concurrently degrading euptox A, may have potential as microbial feed additives to increase utilization of plant biomass containing antinutritional phytometabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sharma
- Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Palampur, India
| | - G Mal
- Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Palampur, India
| | - A Kannan
- Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Palampur, India
| | - R Bhar
- Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Palampur, India
| | - R Sharma
- Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Palampur, India
| | - B Singh
- Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Palampur, India
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Sweetlin JD, Nehemiah HK, Kannan A. Feature selection using ant colony optimization with tandem-run recruitment to diagnose bronchitis from CT scan images. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2017; 145:115-125. [PMID: 28552117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) plays a vital role in the routine clinical activity for the detection of lung disorders using computed tomography (CT) images. It serves as a source of second opinion that radiologists may consider in order to interpret CT images. In this work, the purpose of CAD is to improve the diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary bronchitis from CT images of the lung. METHODS Left and right lung fields are segmented using optimal thresholding from the lung CT images. Texture and shape features are extracted from the pathology bearing regions. A hybrid feature selection approach based on ant colony optimization (ACO) combining cosine similarity and support vector machine (SVM) classifier is used to select relevant features. Additionally, tandem run recruitment strategy is included in the selection activity to choose the promising features. The SVM classifier is trained using the selected features and the performance of the trained classifier is evaluated using trivial performance evaluation measures. RESULTS The training and testing datasets used in building the classifier model are disjoint and contains 200 CT slices affected with bronchitis, 50 normal slices and 300 slices with cancer. Out of 100 features extracted from each CT slice, a subset of 60 features is used for classification. ACO with tandem run strategy yielded 81.66% of accuracy whereas ACO without tandem run yielded an accuracy of 77.52%. When all the features are used for classifier training without feature selection algorithm, an accuracy of 75.14% is achieved. CONCLUSION From the results, it is inferred that identifying relevant features to train the classifier has a definite impact on the classifier performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Kannan
- Department of Information Science and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, 600025
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Kannan A, Sathyanarayana HP, Padmanabhan S. Effect of functional appliances on the airway dimensions in patients with skeletal class II malocclusion: A systematic review. J Orthod Sci 2017; 6:54-64. [PMID: 28546958 PMCID: PMC5433105 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_154_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the effect of functional appliances on the airway dimensions in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articles were identified through a literature survey carried out through the following databases: (1) PUBMED, (2) Google Scholar, (3) The Cochrane Library, (4) Embase, (5) Lilac, and (6) Web of Scholars. The systematic review analyzed 12 articles comprising removable functional appliances, 3 articles with fixed functional appliances, and 2 articles having both fixed and removable functional appliances. RESULTS Qualitative assessment was done for all the 17 studies. The effect of functional appliances in the dimensions of three airway spaces - nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Significant increase in the dimensions of nasopharynx and oropharynx was observed with Activator. Significant increase in the nasopharynx and hypopharynx (male patients) was observed with Bionator. Insignificant increase in the oropharynx was observed with the same. Significant increase in the oropharynx and hypopharynx was observed with Twin Block. Insignificant increase in the nasopharynx was observed with the same. Significant increase was observed only in the hypopharynx for Frankel II. Decreased or insignificant change was observed with FMA, MPA IV, and Herbst appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Kannan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Haritha Pottipalli Sathyanarayana
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sridevi Padmanabhan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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