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Picard LP, Schonegge AM, Bouvier M. Structural Insight into G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling Efficacy and Bias between Gs and β-Arrestin. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2019; 2:148-154. [PMID: 32259053 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) form the largest family of membrane proteins involved in signal transduction. Because of their ability to regulate a wide range of cellular responses and their dysregulation being associated with many diseases, GPCRs remain a key therapeutic target for several clinical indications. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that ligands for a given receptor can engage distinct pathways with different relative efficacies, a concept known as biased signaling or functional selectivity. However, the structural determinants of this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Using the β2-adrenergic receptor as a model, we identified a linker residue (L1243.43) between the known PIF and NPxxY structural motifs, that plays a central role in the differential efficacy of biased ligands toward the Gs and β-arrestin pathways. Given the high level of conservation of this linker residue, the study provides structural explanations for biased signaling that can be extrapolated to other GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Philippe Picard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Schonegge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Ceraudo E, Galanth C, Carpentier E, Banegas-Font I, Schonegge AM, Alvear-Perez R, Iturrioz X, Bouvier M, Llorens-Cortes C. Biased signaling favoring gi over β-arrestin promoted by an apelin fragment lacking the C-terminal phenylalanine. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:24599-610. [PMID: 25012663 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.541698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Apelin plays a prominent role in body fluid and cardiovascular homeostasis. We previously showed that the C-terminal Phe of apelin 17 (K17F) is crucial for triggering apelin receptor internalization and decreasing blood pressure (BP) but is not required for apelin binding or Gi protein coupling. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that the important role of the C-terminal Phe in BP decrease may be as a Gi-independent but β-arrestin-dependent signaling pathway that could involve MAPKs. For this purpose, we have used apelin fragments K17F and K16P (K17F with the C-terminal Phe deleted), which exhibit opposite profiles on apelin receptor internalization and BP. Using BRET-based biosensors, we showed that whereas K17F activates Gi and promotes β-arrestin recruitment to the receptor, K16P had a much reduced ability to promote β-arrestin recruitment while maintaining its Gi activating property, revealing the biased agonist character of K16P. We further show that both β-arrestin recruitment and apelin receptor internalization contribute to the K17F-stimulated ERK1/2 activity, whereas the K16P-promoted ERK1/2 activity is entirely Gi-dependent. In addition to providing new insights on the structural basis underlying the functional selectivity of apelin peptides, our study indicates that the β-arrestin-dependent ERK1/2 activation and not the Gi-dependent signaling may participate in K17F-induced BP decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Ceraudo
- From the Laboratory of Central Neuropeptides in the Regulation of Body Fluid Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Functions, INSERM U1050, Paris F-75005, France, the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris F-75005, France, CNRS, UMR 7241, Paris F-75005, France, and
| | - Cécile Galanth
- From the Laboratory of Central Neuropeptides in the Regulation of Body Fluid Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Functions, INSERM U1050, Paris F-75005, France, the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris F-75005, France, CNRS, UMR 7241, Paris F-75005, France, and
| | - Eric Carpentier
- the Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Inmaculada Banegas-Font
- From the Laboratory of Central Neuropeptides in the Regulation of Body Fluid Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Functions, INSERM U1050, Paris F-75005, France, the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris F-75005, France, CNRS, UMR 7241, Paris F-75005, France, and
| | - Anne-Marie Schonegge
- the Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Alvear-Perez
- From the Laboratory of Central Neuropeptides in the Regulation of Body Fluid Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Functions, INSERM U1050, Paris F-75005, France, the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris F-75005, France, CNRS, UMR 7241, Paris F-75005, France, and
| | - Xavier Iturrioz
- From the Laboratory of Central Neuropeptides in the Regulation of Body Fluid Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Functions, INSERM U1050, Paris F-75005, France, the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris F-75005, France, CNRS, UMR 7241, Paris F-75005, France, and
| | - Michel Bouvier
- the Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Catherine Llorens-Cortes
- From the Laboratory of Central Neuropeptides in the Regulation of Body Fluid Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Functions, INSERM U1050, Paris F-75005, France, the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Paris F-75005, France, CNRS, UMR 7241, Paris F-75005, France, and
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