1
|
Hamilton CB, Hoens AM, McKinnon AM, McQuitty S, English K, Hawke LD, Li LC. Shortening and validation of the Patient Engagement In Research Scale (PEIRS) for measuring meaningful patient and family caregiver engagement. Health Expect 2021; 24:863-879. [PMID: 33729634 PMCID: PMC8235891 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To shorten the Patient Engagement In Research Scale (PEIRS) to its most essential items and evaluate its measurement properties for assessing the degree of patients’ and family caregivers’ meaningful engagement as partners in research projects. Methods A prospective cross‐sectional web‐based survey in Canada and the USA, and also paper‐based in Canada. Participants were patients or family caregivers who had engaged in research projects within the last 3 years, were ≥17 years old, and communicated in English. Extensive psychometric analyses were conducted. Results 119 participants: 99 from Canada, 74 female, 51 aged 17‐35 years and 50 aged 36‐65 years, 60 had post‐secondary education, and 74 were Caucasian/white. The original 37‐item PEIRS was shortened to 22 items (PEIRS‐22), mainly because of low inter‐item correlations. PEIRS‐22 had a single dominant construct that accounted for 55% of explained variance. Analysis of PEIRS‐22 scores revealed the following: (1) acceptable floor and ceiling effects (<15%), (2) internal consistency (ordinal alpha = 0.96), (3) structural validity by fit to a Rasch measurement model, (4) construct validity by moderate correlations with the Public and Patient Engagement Evaluation Tool, (5) good test‐retest reliability (ICC2,1 = 0.86) and (6) interpretability demonstrated by significant differences among PEIRS‐22 scores across three levels of global meaningful engagement in research. Conclusions The shortened PEIRS is valid and reliable for assessing the degree of meaningful patient and family caregiver engagement in research. It enables standardized assessment of engagement in research across various contexts. Patient or public contribution A researcher‐initiated collaboration, patient partners contributed from study conception to manuscript write‐up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clayon B Hamilton
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Alison M Hoens
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Annette M McKinnon
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Shanon McQuitty
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly English
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa D Hawke
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda C Li
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hamilton CB, Hoens AM, McQuitty S, McKinnon AM, English K, Backman CL, Azimi T, Khodarahmi N, Li LC. Development and pre-testing of the Patient Engagement In Research Scale (PEIRS) to assess the quality of engagement from a patient perspective. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206588. [PMID: 30383823 PMCID: PMC6211727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and examine the content and face validity of the Patient Engagement In Research Scale (PEIRS) for assessing the quality of patient engagement in research projects from a patient partner perspective. METHODS Our team of researchers and patient partners conducted a mixed qualitative and quantitative study in three phases. Participants were English-speaking adult patients (including informal caregivers, family members, and friends) with varying experiences as partners in research projects in Canada. 1) Questionnaire items were generated following thematic analysis of in-depth interviews and published literature. 2) A three-round e-Delphi survey process via email correspondence was undertaken to refine and select the items for a provisional PEIRS. 3) Two rounds of cognitive interviewing elicited participants' understanding and opinions of each item and the structure of the PEIRS. RESULTS One hundred and twenty items were generated from 18 interviews and organized across eight themes of meaningful engagement of patients in health research to form an initial questionnaire. The e-Delphi survey and cognitive interviewing each included 12 participants with a range of self-reported diseases, health-related conditions, and use of healthcare services. The e-Delphi survey yielded a 43-item provisional PEIRS. The PEIRS was then reduced to 37 items organized across seven themes after 1) refinement of problems in its instructions and items, and 2) the combining of two themes into one. CONCLUSIONS We developed a 37-item self-reported questionnaire that has demonstrated preliminary content and face validity for assessing the quality of patient engagement in research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clayon B. Hamilton
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Alison M. Hoens
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- BC SUPPORT Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shanon McQuitty
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Annette M. McKinnon
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly English
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine L. Backman
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tara Azimi
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | | | - Linda C. Li
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- BC SUPPORT Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hamilton CB, Hoens AM, Backman CL, McKinnon AM, McQuitty S, English K, Li LC. An empirically based conceptual framework for fostering meaningful patient engagement in research. Health Expect 2017; 21:396-406. [PMID: 28984405 PMCID: PMC5750689 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patient engagement in research (PEIR) is promoted to improve the relevance and quality of health research, but has little conceptualization derived from empirical data. Objective To address this issue, we sought to develop an empirically based conceptual framework for meaningful PEIR founded on a patient perspective. Methods We conducted a qualitative secondary analysis of in‐depth interviews with 18 patient research partners from a research centre‐affiliated patient advisory board. Data analysis involved three phases: identifying the themes, developing a framework and confirming the framework. We coded and organized the data, and abstracted, illustrated, described and explored the emergent themes using thematic analysis. Directed content analysis was conducted to derive concepts from 18 publications related to PEIR to supplement, confirm or refute, and extend the emergent conceptual framework. The framework was reviewed by four patient research partners on our research team. Results Participants’ experiences of working with researchers were generally positive. Eight themes emerged: procedural requirements, convenience, contributions, support, team interaction, research environment, feel valued and benefits. These themes were interconnected and formed a conceptual framework to explain the phenomenon of meaningful PEIR from a patient perspective. This framework, the PEIR Framework, was endorsed by the patient research partners on our team. Conclusions The PEIR Framework provides guidance on aspects of PEIR to address for meaningful PEIR. It could be particularly useful when patient‐researcher partnerships are led by researchers with little experience of engaging patients in research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clayon B Hamilton
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Cananda.,Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Alison M Hoens
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Cananda.,Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada.,BC SUPPORT Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine L Backman
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Annette M McKinnon
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Shanon McQuitty
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly English
- Arthritis Patient Advisory Board, Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Linda C Li
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Cananda.,Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada.,BC SUPPORT Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|