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Rizzo P, Mele D, Caliceti C, Pannella M, Fortini C, Clementz AG, Morelli MB, Aquila G, Ameri P, Ferrari R. The role of notch in the cardiovascular system: potential adverse effects of investigational notch inhibitors. Front Oncol 2015; 4:384. [PMID: 25629006 PMCID: PMC4292456 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the Notch pathway is a new promising therapeutic approach for cancer patients. Inhibition of Notch is effective in the oncology setting because it causes a reduction of highly proliferative tumor cells and it inhibits survival of cancer stem cells, which are considered responsible for tumor recurrence and metastasis. Additionally, since Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4)-activated Notch signaling is a major modulator of angiogenesis, anti-Dll4 agents are being investigated to reduce vascularization of the tumor. Notch plays a major role in the heart during the development and, after birth, in response to cardiac damage. Therefore, agents used to inhibit Notch in the tumors (gamma secretase inhibitors and anti-Dll4 agents) could potentially affect myocardial repair. The past experience with trastuzumab and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors used for cancer therapy demonstrates that the possible cardiotoxicity of agents targeting shared pathways between cancer and heart and the vasculature should be considered. To date, Notch inhibition in cancer patients has resulted only in mild gastrointestinal toxicity. Little is known about the potential long-term cardiotoxicity associated to Notch inhibition in cancer patients. In this review, we will focus on mechanisms through which inhibition of Notch signaling could lead to cardiomyocytes and endothelial dysfunctions. These adverse effects could contrast with the benefits of therapeutic responses in cancer cells during times of increased cardiac stress and/or in the presence of cardiovascular risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rizzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy ; Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy ; GVM Hospitals , Cotignola , Italy
| | - Donato Mele
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara , Cona , Italy
| | | | - Micaela Pannella
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Cinzia Fortini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | | | | | - Giorgio Aquila
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Research Center of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy ; Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy ; Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara , Cona , Italy
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a critical component of stroma-to-cell interactions that subsequently activate intracellular signaling cascades, many of which are associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. The ECM contains a wide range of proteins with multiple functions, including cytokines, cleaved cell-surface receptors, secreted epithelial cell proteins, and structural scaffolding. Fibrillar collagens, abundant in the normal ECM, surround cellular structures and provide structural integrity. However during the initial stages of invasive cancers, the ECM is among the first compartments to be compromised. Also present in the normal ECM is the nonfibrillar collagen XV, which is seen in the basement membrane zone but is lost prior to tumor metastasis in several organs. In contrast, the tumor microenvironment often exhibits increased synthesis of fibrillar collagen I and collagen IV, which are associated with fibrosis. The unique localization of collagen XV and its disappearance prior to tumor invasion suggests a fundamental role in maintaining basement membrane integrity and preventing the migration of tumor cells across this barrier. This review examines the structure of collagen XV, its functional domains, and its involvement in cell-surface receptor-mediated signaling pathways, thus providing further insight into its critical role in the suppression of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony George Clementz
- Human Molecular Genetics Program, Lurie Children's Research Center, 2430 North Halsted Street, Chicago, IL 60614.
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Pandya K, Meeke K, Clementz AG, Rogowski A, Roberts J, Miele L, Albain KS, Osipo C. Targeting both Notch and ErbB-2 signalling pathways is required for prevention of ErbB-2-positive breast tumour recurrence. Br J Cancer 2011; 105:796-806. [PMID: 21847123 PMCID: PMC3171020 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We reported that Notch-1, a potent breast oncogene, is activated in response to trastuzumab and contributes to trastuzumab resistance in vitro. We sought to determine the preclinical benefit of combining a Notch inhibitor (γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI)) and trastuzumab in both trastuzumab-sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant, ErbB-2-positive, BT474 breast tumours in vivo. We also studied if the combination therapy of lapatinib plus GSI can induce tumour regression of ErbB-2-positive breast cancer. METHODS We generated orthotopic breast tumour xenografts from trastuzumab- or lapatinib-sensitive and trastuzumab-resistant BT474 cells. We investigated the antitumour activities of two distinct GSIs, LY 411 575 and MRK-003, in vivo. RESULTS Our findings showed that combining trastuzumab plus a GSI completely prevented (MRK-003 GSI) or significantly reduced (LY 411 575 GSI) breast tumour recurrence post-trastuzumab treatment in sensitive tumours. Moreover, combining lapatinib plus MRK-003 GSI showed significant reduction of tumour growth. Furthermore, a GSI partially reversed trastuzumab resistance in resistant tumours. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that a combined inhibition of Notch and ErbB-2 signalling pathways could decrease recurrence rates for ErbB-2-positive breast tumours and may be beneficial in the treatment of recurrent trastuzumab-resistant disease.
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MESH Headings
- Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cyclic S-Oxides/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Gene Targeting
- Genes, erbB
- Genes, erbB-2
- Humans
- Lapatinib
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Quinazolines/administration & dosage
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Notch/genetics
- Recurrence
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Thiadiazoles/pharmacology
- Trastuzumab
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pandya
- Molecular Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - K Meeke
- Oncology Institute, Stritch School of Medicine at Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - A G Clementz
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Program, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - A Rogowski
- Molecular Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - J Roberts
- Oncology Institute, Stritch School of Medicine at Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - L Miele
- University of Mississippi Cancer Institute, 350 Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 600, Jackson, MS 39213, USA
| | - K S Albain
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - C Osipo
- Molecular Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Oncology Institute, Stritch School of Medicine at Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Program, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Pathology, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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