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Niroula A, Nazir A. New insights into antibubble formation by single drop impact on a same-liquid pool. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:19-30. [PMID: 38335736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Secondary drops (SDs) generated when falling drops impact a same-liquid bath can potentially generate antibubbles. Different mechanisms of antibubble formation can be identified and their size and formation probability (PAb) can be predicted. EXPERIMENTS Surfactant solutions were dropped from various heights using a highly stable pulseless microfluidic pump in a same-liquid bath. The impact was recorded using a high-speed camera. The formation of SDs and antibubbles as well as their sizes were evaluated considering the falling-drop height (HFD) and dimensionless parameters. FINDINGS This study reports new mechanisms for antibubble formation from SDs. A decrease in the surface tension yielded a thinner central jet, thereby yielding more SDs. Larger values of the HFD, impact velocity (U), and Weber number (We) increased the SD size and decreased the SD count; the increase in size increased the antibubble size. The number of SDs correlated with the formation of two distinct antibubbles or a single (coalesced) antibubble. The plots for PAb versus HFD, U, and We exhibited two distinct peaks. A moderate increase in the surfactant concentration enhanced PAb in the first regime, whereas an excessive concentration limited antibubble formation. Artificial neural modeling can successfully predict antibubble formation. These findings provide valuable insights for the research on controlled antibubble generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Niroula
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akmal Nazir
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.
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Thapa Magar B, Katawal SB, Niroula A. Enhancement of sensory and nutritional quality of Sel-roti by the incorporation of soy flour. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6078-6088. [PMID: 34760239 PMCID: PMC8565246 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sel-roti is a doughnut-like deep-fat fried, puffed, spongy, ring-shaped, and fermented rice-flour confectionary indigenous to Nepal. This study was aimed to enhance the sensory and nutritional quality of Sel-roti by incorporating soy flour. The best product was selected by a series of sensory evaluations, and the nutritional quality was then compared with the control. Sel-roti prepared by incorporating 10% of roasted soybean flour (RSF) had significantly superior (p < .05) sensory perceptions viz. color and appearance, texture, flavor, taste, and overall acceptance among the studied samples. The moisture, crude fat, crude protein, total ash, crude fiber, iron, calcium, and energy content in the best product were significantly increased (p < .05) by the incorporation of 10% RSF. However, total carbohydrates was significantly reduced (p < .05) at 10% RSF incorporation. The results can be used by food processors to formulate a batter for the production of Sel-roti with enhanced sensory and nutritional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipana Thapa Magar
- Department of Food TechnologyNational College of Food Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Surendra Bahadur Katawal
- Department of Food TechnologyNational College of Food Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Anuj Niroula
- Department of Food TechnologyNagarik CollegeTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
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Kc KM, Marahatta SB, Niroula A, Kc A, Pangeni RB. Comparative Study between Operative versus Non-operative Treatment for Base of Fifth Metatarsal Fractures in Young Adults. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:190-194. [PMID: 34819434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The treatment of displaced base of fifth metatarsal fracture remains controversial regarding the conservative and operative treatment. Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of operative and non-operative treatment for base of fifth metatarsal fractures. Method This was retrospective comparative study performed in Civil Service Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from December 2014 to November 2019. Patients were randomly divided into two groups by computer generated technique. Group1 included 17 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation using tension band wiring, whereas group 2 included 17 patients who underwent non-operative treatment with boot cast. Result The AOFAS and VAS-FA scores at 3 months in operative and non-operative groups were 89.34±2.14 versus 86.94±2.22 (p < 0.05) and 5.58±0.87 versus 3.58±0.93 (p < 0.05). Similarly, AOFAS and VAS-FA at 12 months after treatment were 90.94±2.43 versus 90.17±1.55 (p > 0.05) and 0.64±0.280.94±0.39 (p > 0.05) in operative and non-operative groups respectively. The average time to bear full weight and return to work were 6.82±1.13 versus 7.08±1.24 weeks (p > 0.05) and 8.76±1.20 versus 10.35±1.41 weeks ( p < 0.05) respectively. The mean of VAS score at 3months of treatment is 5.58±0.87 for non-operative group and 3.58±0.93 for operative group (p <0.05). Conclusion Operative intervention has been preferred over the non-operative treatment in young adults or athletes with more than 3 mm displaced fifth metatarsal base fracture to achieve anatomical reduction of fracture, hasten the recovery and rehabilitation and to decrease the complications associated with non-operative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Kc
- Department of Orthopedics, Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S B Marahatta
- Department of Orthopedics, Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A Niroula
- Department of Orthopedics, Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A Kc
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Sanobharyang, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - R B Pangeni
- Department of Orthopedics, Civil Service Hospital, Minbhawan, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Niroula A, Amgain N, Kc R, Adhikari S, Acharya J. Pigments, ascorbic acid, total polyphenols and antioxidant capacities in deetiolated barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) microgreens. Food Chem 2021; 354:129491. [PMID: 33756330 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The study was aimed to evaluate if deetiolation of barley and wheat microgreens after cultivaton in dark (for 5, 7 and 9 days) can enhance the contents of pigments, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, and equivalent antioxidant capacities (EAC) (measured by DPPH and FRAP assay) in correlation to other. Chlorophylls and carotenoids were higher in microgreens that were exposed more to daylight. In contrast, ascorbic acid, polyphenols and EAC of microgreens could be enhanced by 5-7 days of etiolation. However, prolonged etiolation reduced overall antioxidant capacities of microgreens. All evaluated parameters could be satisfactorily represented by regression expressions for the given number of days of etiolation and growth. The ascorbic acid and total carotenoids content had higher correlations with total chlorophyll contents, while the antioxidant capacities were highly correlated to total polyphenols content. The study confirms the potential of deetiolated cultivation of microgreens to enhance selective phytochemicals content and EAC of microgreens.
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Acharya J, Gautam S, Neupane P, Niroula A. Pigments, ascorbic acid, and total polyphenols content and antioxidant capacities of beet ( Beta vulgaris) microgreens during growth. International Journal of Food Properties 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1955924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Acharya
- Department of Food Technology, Nagarik College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
| | - Sonila Gautam
- Department of Food Technology, Nagarik College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
| | - Prakshya Neupane
- Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Nepal
| | - Anuj Niroula
- Department of Food Technology, Nagarik College, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
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Niroula A, Khatri S, Timilsina R, Khadka D, Khadka A, Ojha P. Profile of chlorophylls and carotenoids of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) microgreens. J Food Sci Technol 2019; 56:2758-2763. [PMID: 31168157 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03768-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of cereal microgreens is increasing because of increased consumer's interest in healthier products. Chlorophyll (Chl) and Carotenoids (Car) are suggested to correlate with health promoting components like phenolics and antioxidant potential of the plant-part. They also play role against clinical conditions like thalassemia and hemolytic anemia and reduce the risk of some chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases and age-related eye diseases. This study was carried out for the comprehensive profiling of Chl and Car in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) micro-greens between 7 and 16 days on dry basis. Chl and Car content strongly correlated with the number of days of growth. Significantly high correlations existed among Chl a, Chl b, total Chl and total Car with concomitant Chl a/b and Chl/Car ratios. The peaks for the rate of accumulation of pigments were between 7-10 days on wheat and 10-13 days on barley. The maximum content of Chl and Car were 616.63 ± 18.45 mg/100 g DM and 54.80 ± 1.72 mg/100 g DM on day 16 and statistically not significant to variety of grain. The Chl level was slightly lower than Chl rich vegetables like kale and comparable to spinach and Car level was comparable to carrots, which is higher than most of the daily consumable fruits and vegetables. Further cell-based or in vivo studies of cereal microgreens could be considered to draw more valuable information related to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Niroula
- 1Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.,2Department of Food Technology, Nagarik College, Tribhuvan University, Gaindakot, Nepal
| | - Sagar Khatri
- 1Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rashika Timilsina
- 1Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Dinesh Khadka
- 1Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Pravin Ojha
- 4Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Food Research Division, Lalitpur, Nepal
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Niroula A, Khatri S, Khadka D, Timilsina R. Total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity profile of selected cereal sprouts and grasses. International Journal of Food Properties 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1588297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Niroula
- Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Department of Food Technology, Nagarik College, Tribhuvan University, Gaindakot, Nepal
| | - Sagar Khatri
- Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Dinesh Khadka
- Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rashika Timilsina
- Department of Food Technology, National College of Food Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Kapil-Mani KC, Niroula A. Acromio-Clavicular Joint Dislocation Types IV to VI: Does the Outcome with the modified Weaver-Dunn Procedure Justify the Treatment? Malays Orthop J 2018; 12:31-36. [PMID: 30112126 PMCID: PMC6092530 DOI: 10.5704/moj.1807.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The optimal surgical treatment for acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) injuries remains controversial. The modified Weaver-Dunn (WD) procedure is one of the frequently used techniques. Recently when it was compared with anatomical autogenous tendon graft reconstruction procedures, the results were inferior. However, these anatomical procedures are technically more demanding with small margin of error and they have tendency for postoperative pain because of extra donor site incision. Materials and Methods: Forty patients with type IV to VI ACJ dislocations were treated by modified WD procedure using non-absorbable synthetic suture passed through the base of coracoid process for augmentation of transferred coraco-acromial (CA) ligament. Functional outcome was assessed using the Oxford Shoulder Score, Nottingham Clavicular Score and Visual Analog Score (VAS) at the final follow-up after surgery. Results: The mean pre-operative Oxford Shoulder Score improved from 25.22±2.64 (range 20 to 30) to 44.75±1.99 (range 40 to 48) and mean pre-operative Nottingham Shoulder Score improved from 49.25±4.91 (range 39 to 58) to 87.27±4.39 (range 79 to 96) at last follow-up after surgery with p-value <0.001. Thirty-five (87.5%) patients had excellent outcomes, four (10%) patients had good outcomes and one (2.5%) patient had fair outcome. Thirty-eight (95%) patients had no pain while two (5%) had moderate pain based on VAS score. Conclusion: Modified Weaver-Dunn is a simple well established technique for grade IV to VI ACJ dislocation. We cannot consider this procedure as old and outdated on the argument that the long term functional outcomes are not suboptimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Kapil-Mani
- Department of Orthopaedics, Civil Service Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A Niroula
- Department of Orthopaedics, Civil Service Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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