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Hotz A, Sprecher E, Bastianelli L, Rodean J, Stringfellow I, Barkoudah E, Cohen LE, Estrada C, Graham R, Greenwood J, Kyle J, Mann N, Pinkham M, Solari T, Rosen R, Saleeb S, Shah AS, Watters K, Wells S, Berry JG. Categorization of a Universal Coding System to Distinguish Use of Durable Medical Equipment and Supplies in Pediatric Patients. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2339449. [PMID: 37874565 PMCID: PMC10599121 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Although durable medical equipment and supplies (DMES) are commonly used to optimize the health and function in pediatric patients, little is known about the prevalence of use and spending on DMES. Objective To categorize the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) for distinguishing DMES types, and to measure the prevalence and related spending of DMES in pediatric patients using Medicaid. Design, Setting, and Participants This study is a cross-sectional analysis of the 2018 Merative Medicaid Database and included 4 569 473 pediatric patients aged 0 to 21 years enrolled in Medicaid in 12 US states from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Data were analyzed from February 2019 to April 2023. Exposure DMES exposure was identified with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services HCPCS codes. Three pediatricians categorized HCPCS DMES codes submitted by vendors for reimbursement of dispensed DMES into DMES types and end-organ systems; 15 expert reviewers refined the categorization (2576 DMES codes, 164 DMES types, 14 organ systems). Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was DMES prevalence & Medicaid spending. The χ2 test was used to compare DMES prevalence and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare per-member-per-year (PMPY) spending by complex chronic conditions (CCC). Results Of the 4 569 473 patients in the study cohort, 49.3% were female and 56.1% were aged 5 to 15 years. Patients used 133 of 164 (81.1%) DMES types. The DMES prevalence was 17.1% (95% CI, 17.0%-17.2%) ranging from 10.1% (95% CI, 10.0%-10.2%) in patients with no chronic condition to 60.9% (95% CI, 60.8%-61.0%) for patients with 2 or more CCCs. The PMPY DMES spending was $593, ranging from $349 for no chronic condition to $4253 for 2 or more CCCs. Lens (7.9%), vision frames (6.2%), and orthotics for orthopedic injury (0.8%) were the most common DME in patients with no chronic condition. Enteral tube / feeding supplies (19.8%), diapers (19.2%), lower extremity orthotics (12.3%), wheelchair (9.6%), oxygen (9.0%), and urinary catheter equipment (4.2%) were among the most common DMES in children with 2 or more CCCs. Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, HCPCS distinguished a variety of DME types and use across pediatric populations. Further investigation should assess the utility of the HCPCS DMES categorization with efforts to optimize the quality and safety of DMES use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arda Hotz
- Complex Care, Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Complex Care, Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lucia Bastianelli
- Cerebral Palsy and Spasticity Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Isabel Stringfellow
- Complex Care, Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth Barkoudah
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laurie E. Cohen
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Carlos Estrada
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Graham
- Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Greenwood
- Department of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Services, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Nina Mann
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Pinkham
- Department of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Services, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Toni Solari
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel Rosen
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan Saleeb
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ankoor S. Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karen Watters
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah Wells
- Complex Care, Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jay G. Berry
- Complex Care, Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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2
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Huth K, Hotz A, Emara N, Robertson B, Leaversuch M, Mercer AN, Khan A, Campos ML, Liss I, Hahn PD, Graham DA, Rossi L, Thomas MV, Elias N, Morris M, Glader L, Pinkham A, Bardsley KM, Wells S, Rogers J, Berry JG, Mauskar S, Starmer AJ. Reduced Postdischarge Incidents After Implementation of a Hospital-to-Home Transition Intervention for Children With Medical Complexity. J Patient Saf 2023; 19:493-500. [PMID: 37729645 DOI: 10.1097/pts.0000000000001155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior research suggests that errors occur frequently for patients with medical complexity during the hospital-to-home transition. Less is known about effective postdischarge communication strategies for this population. We aimed to assess rates of 30-day (1) postdischarge incidents and (2) readmissions and emergency department (ED) visits before and after implementing a hospital-to-home intervention. METHODS We conducted a prospective intervention study of children with medical complexity discharged at a children's hospital from April 2018 to March 2020. A multistakeholder team developed a bundled intervention incorporating the I-PASS handoff framework including a postdischarge telephone call, restructured discharge summary, and handoff communication to outpatient providers. The primary outcome measure was rate of postdischarge incidents collected via electronic medical record review and family surveys. Secondary outcomes were 30-day readmissions and ED visits. RESULTS There were 199 total incidents and the most common were medication related (60%), equipment issues (15%), and delays in scheduling/provision of services (11%). The I-PASS intervention was associated with a 36.4% decrease in the rate of incidents per discharge (1.51 versus 0.95, P = 0.003). There were fewer nonharmful errors and quality issues after intervention (1.27 versus 0.85 per discharge, P = 0.02). The 30-day ED visit rate was significantly lower after intervention (12.6% versus 3.4%, per 100 discharges, P = 0.05). Thirty-day readmissions were 15.8% versus 10.2% postintervention (P = 0.32). CONCLUSIONS A postdischarge communication intervention for patients with medical complexity was associated with fewer postdischarge incidents and reduced 30-day ED visits. Standardized postdischarge communication may play an important role in improving quality and safety in the transition from hospital-to-home for vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Norah Emara
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Isabella Liss
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital
| | - Phillip D Hahn
- Program for Patient Safety and Quality, Boston Children's Hospital
| | | | | | - Margaret V Thomas
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nahel Elias
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marie Morris
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital
| | - Laurie Glader
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy Pinkham
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital
| | | | - Sarah Wells
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital
| | - Jayne Rogers
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital
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3
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Markham JL, Richardson T, Teufel RJ, Hersh AL, DePorre A, Fleegler EW, Antiel RM, Williams DC, Hotz A, Wilder JL, Shah SS. Impact of COVID-19 on Admissions and Outcomes for Children With Complex Chronic Conditions. Hosp Pediatr 2022; 12:337-353. [PMID: 35257170 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2021-006334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pediatric health care use declined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the impact on children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) has not been well reported. OBJECTIVE To describe the impact of the pandemic on inpatient use and outcomes for children with CCCs. METHODS This multicenter cross-sectional study used data from the Pediatric Health Information System. We examined trends in admissions between January 2020 through March 2021, comparing them to the same timeframe in the previous 3 years (pre-COVID-19). We used generalized linear mixed models to examine the association of the COVID-19 period and outcomes for children with CCCs presenting between March 16, 2020 to March 15, 2021 (COVID-19 period) to the same timeframe in the previous 3 years (pre-COVID-19). RESULTS Children with CCCs experienced a 19.5% overall decline in admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Declines began in the second week of March of 2020, reaching a nadir in early April 2020. Changes in admissions varied over time and by admission indication. Children with CCCs hospitalized for pneumonia and bronchiolitis experienced overall declines in admissions of 49.7% to 57.7%, whereas children with CCCs hospitalized for diabetes experienced overall increases in admissions of 21.2%. Total and index length of stay, costs, and ICU use, although statistically higher during the COVID-19 period, were similar overall to the pre-COVID-19 period. CONCLUSIONS Total admissions for children with CCCs declined nearly 20% during the pandemic. Among prevalent conditions, the greatest declines were observed for children with CCCs hospitalized with respiratory illnesses. Despite declines in admissions, overall hospital-level outcomes remained similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Markham
- aChildren's Mercy Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
- bUniversity of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Troy Richardson
- aChildren's Mercy Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
- cChildren's Hospital Association, Lenexa, Kansas
| | - Ronald J Teufel
- dDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Adam L Hersh
- eDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Adrienne DePorre
- aChildren's Mercy Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
- bUniversity of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Eric W Fleegler
- fDivision of Emergency Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine
- gHarvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan M Antiel
- hDivision of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Daniel C Williams
- dDepartment of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Arda Hotz
- iDivision of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jayme L Wilder
- iDivision of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samir S Shah
- jDivisions of Hospital Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- kDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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4
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Frommherz L, Krause A, Kopp J, Hotz A, Hübner S, Reimer-Taschenbrecker A, Casetti F, Zirn B, Fischer J, Has C. High rate of self-improving phenotypes in children with non-syndromic congenital ichthyosis: case series from south-western Germany. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:2293-2299. [PMID: 34273205 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-syndromic congenital ichthyosis describes a heterogeneous group of hereditary skin disorders associated with erythroderma and scaling at birth. Although both severe and mild courses are known, the prediction of the natural history in clinical practice may be challenging. OBJECTIVES To determine clinical course and genotype-phenotype correlations in children affected by non-syndromic congenital ichthyosis in a case series from south-western Germany. METHODS We performed a retrospective observational study of 32 children affected by non-syndromic congenital ichthyoses seen in our genodermatosis clinic between 2011 and 2020. Follow-ups included assessment of weight and severity of skin involvement utilizing a modified Ichthyosis Area Severity Index (mIASI). mIASI was calculated as a sum comprising the previously published IASI score and an additional novel score to evaluate palmoplantar involvement. Linear regression was assessed using Pearson correlation, and statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS This study included 23 patients with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, seven with keratinopathic ichthyosis and two with harlequin ichthyosis. Cutaneous manifestations improved in more than 70% of the children during the follow-up. Especially in patients with mutations in ALOXE3 and ALOX12B, mIASI scores dropped significantly. The most common phenotype observed in this study was designated 'mild fine scaling ichthyosis'. Severe palmoplantar involvement occurred in patients with KRT1 and ABCA12 mutations; most patients demonstrated hyperlinearity as a sign of dryness and scaling. Weight was mainly in the normal range and negatively correlated with the severity of skin involvement. CONCLUSIONS Congenital ichthyosis that self-improves and evolves with mild fine scaling ichthyosis was the most common phenotype observed in our patients. This type might be underdiagnosed if the genetic diagnosis is not performed in the first year of life. mIASI is an easy and fast instrument for scoring disease severity and adding additional points for palmoplantar involvement might be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Frommherz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Krause
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Kopp
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Hübner
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Reimer-Taschenbrecker
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Casetti
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - B Zirn
- Genetikum® Stuttgart, Genetic Counselling and Diagnostics, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Has
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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5
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Reimer-Taschenbrecker A, Hess M, Hotz A, Fischer J, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Has C. Plantar involvement correlates with obesity, pain and impaired mobility in epidermolysis bullosa simplex: a retrospective cohort study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:2097-2104. [PMID: 33960018 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is the most common type of EB, a group of rare genodermatoses. Affected individuals suffer from skin blistering and report a high disease burden. In some EBS subtypes, plantar keratoderma (PK) has been described. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the presence and correlation of PK with body mass index, pain and mobility in EBS. METHODS Individuals (n = 157) with genetically characterized EBS were included in this retrospective cohort study, and clinical data were collected over 16 years (referral patients to the largest German EB centre). Descriptive statistics and mixed linear models were used to assess correlations. RESULTS PK was found in 75.8% of patients beginning at a mean age of 4.3 years. Both focal and diffuse PK were observed, and 60% of adults with localized and severe EBS were preobese or obese, with ~30% of patients reporting severely reduced mobility. The presence of PK, especially diffuse PK, correlated significantly with local infections, obesity, pain and requirement of a wheelchair. CONCLUSION Along with treating skin fragility and blistering, PK should be considered a potential marker of increased morbidity and may represent a target of EBS therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reimer-Taschenbrecker
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Hess
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Abstract
Purpose of Review The majority of patient care occurs in the ambulatory setting, and pediatric patients are at high risk of medical error and harm. Prior studies have described various safety threats in ambulatory pediatrics, and little is known about effective strategies to minimize error. The purpose of this review is to identify best practices for optimizing safety in ambulatory pediatrics. Recent Findings The majority of the patient safety literature in ambulatory pediatrics describes frequencies and types of medical errors. Study of effective interventions to reduce error, and particularly to reduce harm, have been limited. There is evidence that medical complexity and social context are important modifiers of risk. Telemedicine has emerged as a care delivery model with potential to ameliorate and exacerbate safety threats. Though there is variation across studies, developing a safety culture, partnerships with patients and families, and use of structured communication are strategies that support patient safety. Summary There is no standardized taxonomy for errors in ambulatory pediatrics, but errors related to medications, vaccines, diagnosis, and care coordination and care transitions are commonly described. Evidence-based approaches to optimize safety include standardized prescribing and medication reconciliation practices, appropriate use of decision support tools in the electronic health record, and communication strategies like teach-back. Further high-quality intervention studies in pediatric ambulatory care that assess impact on patient harm and clinical outcomes should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Huth
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Arda Hotz
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Amy J. Starmer
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
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Lee DS, Gross E, Hotz A, Rastogi D. Comparison of severity of asthma hospitalization between African American and Hispanic children in the Bronx. J Asthma 2019; 57:736-742. [PMID: 31062634 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1609981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: There are racial and ethnic disparities in childhood asthma burden and outcomes. Although there have been comparisons between whites and minorities, there are few between minority groups. This study aimed to compare characteristics of asthma hospitalizations in African American and Hispanic children.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to compare asthma characteristics between African American and Hispanic children aged 2-18 years hospitalized at an urban, tertiary care hospital for an acute asthma exacerbation. Length of stay (LOS), need for intensive care unit (ICU), and need for additional medications or respiratory support were compared between the groups.Results: Of the 925 children that met the inclusion criteria, 64% were Hispanic and 36% were African American. The groups were similar in age, gender, insurance status, and weight classification. African American children were more likely to have severe persistent asthma (12% vs. 7%, p = .02). They were also more likely to require magnesium sulfate (45% vs. 32%, p < .001) and admission to the ICU from the emergency department (ED) (14% vs. 8%, p = .01), which were independent of asthma severity. There was no significant difference in LOS or other characteristics of hospitalization.Conclusions: African American children hospitalized for asthma have more severe exacerbations compared to Hispanic children, which is independent of their asthma severity. However, this was not associated with longer LOS, which may indicate greater responsiveness to inpatient asthma management. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying asthma and exacerbation severity among minority groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elissa Gross
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Arda Hotz
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepa Rastogi
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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8
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Heinz L, Bourrat E, Vabres P, Thevenon J, Hotz A, Hörer S, Küsel J, Zimmer A, Alter S, Happle R, Fischer J. Mosaicism in women with focal dermal hypoplasia. Br J Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Heinz L, Bourrat E, Vabres P, Thevenon J, Hotz A, Hörer S, Küsel J, Zimmer A, Alter S, Happle R, Fischer J. 局灶性真皮发育不全女性中的嵌合现象. Br J Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and obesity are 2 common pediatric problems. Obesity is a known risk factor for asthma, and obese children with asthma have higher disease burden. However, little is known on how obesity in urban minority children, mainly Hispanic and African American children, impacts morbidity during pediatric asthma hospitalizations. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted on children and adolescents age 2 to 18 years hospitalized at the Children's Hospital at Montefiore for an acute asthma exacerbation. We elucidated the association of overweight or obese status with severity of the exacerbation, quantified by length of stay (LOS) and need for intensive care management. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of LOS. RESULTS A total of 975 children met the inclusion criteria, of whom 55% were normal weight and 45% were overweight or obese. Sixty percent were Hispanic, and 37% were African American. The overall average LOS was 2.57 days (range: 0.67-12.92). Overweight or obese status was associated with a higher asthma severity at baseline (P = .021). Overweight or obese children had a longer average LOS compared with normal weight children (2.75 vs 2.39 days; P < .01) with more PICU stays (P = .006), even after adjustment for higher baseline asthma severity. The severity of the exacerbation did not differ by ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Obesity in children hospitalized for asthma is associated with more severe asthma exacerbations, longer LOS, and increased use of PICU level care, independent of their higher baseline disease severity and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Gross
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York; .,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and
| | - Diana S Lee
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and
| | - Arda Hotz
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kim Chi Ngo
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and
| | - Deepa Rastogi
- Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and
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11
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Heinz L, Bourrat E, Vabres P, Thevenon J, Hotz A, Hörer S, Küsel J, Zimmer AD, Alter S, Happle R, Fischer J. Mosaicism due to postzygotic mutations in women with focal dermal hypoplasia. Br J Dermatol 2018; 180:657-661. [PMID: 30022487 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH, Goltz syndrome, MIM #305600) constitutes a rare multisystem genetic disorder of the skin, skeleton, teeth and eyes with considerable variation in the clinical features. FDH is transmitted as an X-linked dominant trait and is caused by mutations in PORCN. In male children, hemizygous PORCN mutations are lethal in utero. Around 300 cases have been reported in the literature to date. About 10% of them are male patients presenting with either Klinefelter syndrome (karyotype 47, XXY) or mosaicism of a postzygotic mutation. Here we describe four cases of women with typical features of FDH, in whom a PORCN mutation was found in DNA from affected cutaneous tissue but not in DNA from peripheral blood. This study suggests that mosaicism caused by a postzygotic mutation occurs more often than assumed to date in female patients with FDH. A negative analysis performed on peripheral blood DNA does not exclude the diagnosis of FDH and it is therefore of practical importance to analyse DNA from the affected skin in order to identify low-level mosaicism and thus to improve diagnostic precision. In total, we found two missense variants, one novel indel and one novel splice-site variant. Individuals harbouring postzygotic mosaicism run a risk of transmitting the disorder to their daughters, because the maternal mosaic could also affect the gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Heinz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - E Bourrat
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - P Vabres
- Department of Dermatology, Bocage Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - J Thevenon
- L'équipe Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, INSERM, UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon et Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - A Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Hörer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Küsel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A D Zimmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Alter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - R Happle
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Hotz A, Fagerberg C, Vahlquist A, Bygum A, Törmä H, Rauschendorf MA, Zhang H, Heinz L, Bourrat E, Hausser I, Vestergaard V, Dragomir A, Zimmer A, Fischer J. Identification of mutations in SDR9C7
in six families with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:e207-e209. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Faculty of Medicine; Freiburg Germany
| | - C. Fagerberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - A. Vahlquist
- Department of Medical Sciences; Section of Dermatology; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - A. Bygum
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - H. Törmä
- Department of Medical Sciences; Section of Dermatology; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - M.-A. Rauschendorf
- Institute of Human Genetics; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Faculty of Medicine; Freiburg Germany
| | - H. Zhang
- Department of Medical Sciences; Section of Dermatology; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - L. Heinz
- Institute of Human Genetics; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Faculty of Medicine; Freiburg Germany
- Faculty of Biology; University of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
| | - E. Bourrat
- Centre de Reference des Genodermatoses; Hôpital Saint-Louis; Paris France
| | - I. Hausser
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - V. Vestergaard
- Department of Clinical Pathology; Odense University Hospital; Odense Denmark
| | - A. Dragomir
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - A.D. Zimmer
- Institute of Human Genetics; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Faculty of Medicine; Freiburg Germany
| | - J. Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Faculty of Medicine; Freiburg Germany
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Angelidou A, Michael Z, Hotz A, Friedman K, Emani S, LaRovere K, Christou H. Is There More to Zika? Complex Cardiac Disease in a Case of Congenital Zika Syndrome. Neonatology 2018; 113:177-182. [PMID: 29248924 DOI: 10.1159/000484656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) has resulted in a surge of newborns with microcephaly and brain abnormalities. In this report, we describe the first case, to our knowledge, of congenital Zika syndrome with concomitant critical congenital heart disease. The mother had a confirmed ZIKV infection in the first trimester of pregnancy. Fetal ultrasonography at 31 weeks of gestation revealed cerebral cortical calcifications and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The severity of brain involvement was assessed by postnatal magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiogram, and palliative surgery was performed. The ethical dimensions of this infant's clinical management are discussed. ZIKV is known to affect neural progenitor cells, but whether it could have a tropism for other tissues remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asimenia Angelidou
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Zimmer AD, Kim GJ, Hotz A, Bourrat E, Hausser I, Has C, Oji V, Stieler K, Vahlquist A, Kunde V, Weber B, Radner FPW, Leclerc-Mercier S, Schlipf N, Demmer P, Küsel J, Fischer J. Sixteen novel mutations in PNPLA1 in patients with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis reveal the importance of an extended patatin domain in PNPLA1 that is essential for proper human skin barrier function. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:445-455. [PMID: 28093717 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a genetically heterogeneous group of rare Mendelian skin disorders characterized by cornification and differentiation defects of keratinocytes. Mutations in nine genes including PNPLA1 are known to cause nonsyndromic forms of ARCI. To date, only 10 distinct pathogenic mutations in PNPLA1 have been reported. OBJECTIVES To identify new causative PNPLA1 mutations. METHODS We screened genetically unresolved cases, including our ARCI collection, comprising more than 700 families. Screening for mutations was performed either by direct Sanger sequencing or in combination with a multigene panel, followed by sequence and mutation analysis. RESULTS Here we report on 16 novel mutations present in patients from 17 families. While all previously reported mutations and most of our novel mutations are located within the core patatin domain, we report five novel PNPLA1 mutations that are downstream of this domain. Thus, as recently described for PNPLA2, we hypothesize that a region larger than the core domain is required for full enzymatic activity of PNPLA1 in human skin barrier formation. CONCLUSIONS We estimate the frequency of PNPLA1 mutations among patients with ARCI to be around 3%. Most of our patients were born as collodion babies and showed a relatively mild ichthyosis phenotype. In four unrelated patients we observed a cyclic scaling course, which seems to be a potential phenotypic variation in a small percentage of patients with PNPLA1 mutations. The variability of the clinical manifestations and the lack of typical clinical features are specific for patients with PNPLA1 mutations, and emphasize the importance of DNA sequencing for differential diagnosis of ARCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Zimmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - G-J Kim
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - E Bourrat
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases MAGEC, Saint Louis Hospital AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - I Hausser
- Institute of Pathology IPH, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - V Oji
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - K Stieler
- Department of Dermatology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Child Dermatology and Hair Competence Centre, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Vahlquist
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - V Kunde
- Department of Neonatology, Christian Children's Hospital, Osnabrück, Switzerland
| | - B Weber
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F P W Radner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Leclerc-Mercier
- Department of Dermatology and Pathology, Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases MAGEC, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - N Schlipf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Demmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Küsel
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Brognoli D, Hickman G, Hotz A, Bagot M, Fischer J, Bourrat E. Ichtyose congenitale autosomique récessive en rapport avec des mutations du gène Ichthyin/NIPAL4 : données phénotypiques et génotypiques. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2016.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Hotz A, Hena Z, Gross E. A Case of Back Pain That Wakes a Child From Sleep. JAMA Pediatr 2016; 170:1101-1102. [PMID: 27820627 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arda Hotz
- Children's Hospital of Montefiore, Bronx, New York2Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Zachary Hena
- Children's Hospital of Montefiore, Bronx, New York2Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Elissa Gross
- Children's Hospital of Montefiore, Bronx, New York2Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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17
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Hotz A, Oji V, Bourrat E, Jonca N, Mazereeuw-Hautier J, Betz R, Blume-Peytavi U, Stieler K, Morice-Picard F, Schönbuchner I, Markus S, Schlipf N, Fischer J. Erratum. Acta Derm Venereol 2016. [DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Noguera-Morel L, Hernández-Ostiz S, Casas-Fernández L, Hernández-Martín A, Rodríguez-Blanco I, Requena L, Hotz A, Fischer J, Torrelo A. CHILD syndrome with minimal limb abnormalities. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:e201-e202. [PMID: 26611379 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Noguera-Morel
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - L Casas-Fernández
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Barbanza, EOXI, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - I Rodríguez-Blanco
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Barbanza, EOXI, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - L Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Hotz
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Fischer
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Torrelo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
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Kirchmeier P, Sayar E, Hotz A, Hausser I, Islek A, Yilmaz A, Artan R, Fischer J. Novel mutation in the CLDN1 gene in a Turkish family with neonatal ichthyosis sclerosing cholangitis (NISCH) syndrome. Br J Dermatol 2015; 170:976-8. [PMID: 24641442 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Kirchmeier
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Breisacherstraße 33, 79106, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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Hotz A, Bourrat E, Hausser I, Haftek M, da Silva MV, Fischer J. Two novel mutations in the LOR gene in three families with loricrin keratoderma. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172:1158-62. [PMID: 25234742 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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21
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Schinz H, Baensch W, Friedl E, Franke H, Holzmann M, Hotz A, Lindgren E, Lysholm E, Uehlinger E, Ulrich K, Weltz G, Zuppinger A, Holfelder H. Lehrbuch der Röntgendiagnostik1. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1120528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hotz A. ["Doping and ethics"--a traditional and obviously never ending subject! Why is it so difficult to act ethically responsibly also in sports?]. Ther Umsch 2001; 58:239-45. [PMID: 11344956 DOI: 10.1024/0040-5930.58.4.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Everybody knows that doping is not allowed. Whether doping is also unethical is less clear. To use doping agens as long as they are prohibited is clearly unethical. But why do we have to ban doping agens? This needs some reflections and has to be discussed all the time!
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23
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Kübler D, Pyerin W, Bill O, Hotz A, Sonka J, Kinzel V. Evidence for ecto-protein kinase activity that phosphorylates Kemptide in a cyclic AMP-dependent mode. J Biol Chem 1989; 264:14549-55. [PMID: 2547801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The heptapeptide Leu-Arg-Arg-Ala-Ser-Leu-Gly (Kemptide) is a synthetic construct of a substrate for cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PK). In this work we show that Kemptide has all the properties of a cytophilic substrate, i.e. it is a molecule preserving cell membrane intactness when added to cultured cells. Kemptide thus satisfies the prerequisites for employment in assays for cell surface-located ecto-PK activity. Different types of intact cells catalyze the phosphorylation of Kemptide in the presence of extracellular ATP and cAMP with Km values of 3-4 microM for Kemptide. Kemptide phosphorylation was influenced by PKI, the inhibitory protein specific for cAMP-PK. The results of comparative experiments with intact cells and with cell extracts demonstrate the ectoenzyme nature of this cAMP-PK. Further, the possibility was ruled out of a transfer of enzyme activity from damaged cells to the surface of intact cells. The anchorage of the surface cAMP-PK activity to the plasma membrane appears to be relatively stable since (i) cell supernatants, obtained after preincubation of intact cells with cAMP or Kemptide, did not show Kemptide phosphorylation, and (ii) the cAMP-dependent PK activity remained with cells even after five consecutive washes with cAMP or Kemptide. This is in contrast to the ecto-cAMP-independent phosvitin/casein type PK (Kübler, D., Pyerin, W., Burow, E., and Kinzel, V. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 4021-4025) which is released from intact cells through the addition of substrate. Data are presented which show that both ectokinase activities are exhibited independently. In conjunction with published evidence for an active export of cAMP from cells as well as for the appearance of extracellular ATP the demonstration of an ecto-cAMP-PK further supports the potential of PK for intercellular regulation. The potential of ecto-cAMP-PK is demonstrated by its ability to phosphorylate biologically active forms of atrial natriuretic peptide, the atrial natriuretic peptide, which possesses the specific sequence for a cAMP-PK-catalyzed phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kübler
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg
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Hotz A, König N, Taniguchi H, Chrivia JC, Kinzel V. Catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase from bovine heart: several isoforms demonstrated by high resolution focusing in immobilized pH gradient. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 160:596-601. [PMID: 2719683 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)92474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic subunit (C) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme type II from bovine cardiac muscle was separated by isoelectric focusing in Immobiline polyacrylamide gels into 9 protein forms. The major forms (i) appeared at pH 7.1, 7.4, 7.5, and 7.7, (ii) exhibited protein kinase activity and were inhibited by heat and acid stable inhibitor, (iii) represented approx. 30%, 4%, 64%, and 1% of the protein respectively, (iv) refocused in the same position from which they had been eluted from the first gel. Antibodies against C detected additional proteins at approx. pH 7.55, 7.75, and 7.8. Two more bands became detectable at approx. pH 7.3 and 7.45 by application of antibody against C beta (Uhler, M.D. & McKnight G.S. 1987, J.Biol.Chem. 262, 15202-15207). The relation of the different forms of C to the fractions CA and CB (Kinzel V. et al. 1987 Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 253, 341-349) is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hotz
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg
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Van Patten SM, Hotz A, Kinzel V, Walsh DA. The inhibitor protein of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase-catalytic subunit interaction. Composition of multiple complexes. Biochem J 1988; 256:785-9. [PMID: 2852005 PMCID: PMC1135484 DOI: 10.1042/bj2560785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that the combination of pure preparations of the inhibitor protein of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and the catalytic subunit of this enzyme resulted in the formation of multiple complexes [Van Patten, Fletcher & Walsh (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 5514-5523]. In the present study it is demonstrated that these multiple species occur because the bovine heart protein kinase preparation contains multiple forms of catalytic subunit [Kinzel, Hotz, König, Gagelmann, Pyerin, Reed, Köbler, Hofmann, Obst, Gensheimer, Goldblatt & Shaltiel (1987) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 253, 341-349].
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Van Patten
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616
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Kinzel V, Hotz A, König N, Gagelmann M, Pyerin W, Reed J, Kübler D, Hofmann F, Obst C, Gensheimer HP. Chromatographic separation of two heterogeneous forms of the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme type I and type II from striated muscle of different mammalian species. Arch Biochem Biophys 1987; 253:341-9. [PMID: 3566280 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(87)90187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrophoretically homogeneous preparations of catalytic subunit (C) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase isolated according to two different procedures from holoenzyme type I and type II from rabbit and from holoenzyme type II from rat skeletal muscle and from bovine cardiac muscle can be separated on carboxymethyl cellulose or on a Mono S column (Pharmacia) by salt gradient elution into two enzymatically active peaks called A and B, which do not interconvert on rechromatography. Cochromatography of peak A fractions or of peak B fractions derived from both holoenzymes respectively yields single enzyme peaks in each case, thus indicating that both represent different entities, which were named CA and CB. The separate character of both enzyme forms is supported by the fact that CB under all conditions is degraded faster by the C-specific protease (E. Alhanaty et al. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 3492-3495) than CA, a phenomenon which is enhanced in both enzyme forms by substrate (Kemptide). The separation of both subtypes from each other is probably based on differences in isoelectric values (delta pH less than or equal to 0.5 units). The reason for the charge difference is not presently known. CA and CB do not differ significantly in their phosphate content. No differences between CA and CB have been detectable so far with respect to their migration in SDS gels, kinetic behavior regarding both substrates and cosubstrate, pH dependence, inhibition by regulatory subunits of holoenzyme type I (rabbit skeletal muscle) and of type II (bovine cardiac muscle), and inhibition by specific-heat and acid-stable inhibitor-modulator. The peptide pattern of both forms after limited proteolysis exhibits small differences.
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Abstract
Glucocorticoid receptors of wild-type lymphoid cells and of two classes of glucocorticoid-resistant variants of "nuclear transfer deficient" (nt-) and "increased nuclear transfer" (nti) phenotypes, respectively, were investigated. Photoaffinity labeling of receptor complexes with a radiolabeled glucocorticoid of high affinity was used to analyze these receptor types by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate containing gels. Wild-type and nt- -variant receptors yielded radiolabeled polypeptide bands of Mr 94 000 +/- 5000 while nti-variant receptors had a molecular weight of 40 000 +/- 2000. Partial proteolysis of wild-type and nt- receptors with alpha-chymotrypsin resulted in steroid-labeled receptor fragments of Mr 37 000-38 000 while nti-variant receptors remained unchanged. In the case of wild-type receptors, the chymotryptic fragment had increased affinity for DNA indistinguishable from that of native nti-variant receptors. Depending on the nt- cell clone, the chymotryptic receptor fragments containing the steroid binding site had either the same low affinity for DNA as the undigested receptors or a slightly increased affinity. Partial proteolysis with trypsin of wild-type, nt-, and nti receptors resulted in steroid-labeled fragments of Mr 29 000 as major products and some fragments of Mr 27 000. These tryptic receptor fragments were devoid of DNA binding ability regardless of the original receptor types. With a lysine-specific protease, similar fragments were obtained from wild-type, nt-, and nti receptors. In contrast, a protease specific for arginine residues did not produce receptor fragments detectable by our techniques. A model of the wild-type receptor is discussed.
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Abstract
[3H]Triamcinolone acetonide was used to tag covalently specific glucocorticoid receptors by photoaffinity labelling at lambda greater than or equal to 320 nm. Receptors of wild-type mouse lymphoma cells and two glucocorticoid resistant mutants of "nuclear transfer deficient" (nt-) and "increased nuclear transfer" (nti) phenotypes, respectively, were used. Wild-type and nt- receptors yielded radiolabelled polypeptide bands of mol. wt. 98 000 as revealed by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions and fluorography. In contrast, the nti receptor had a mol. wt. of 42 000. Partial proteolysis of the wild-type receptor with alpha-chymotrypsin resulted in a fragment of mol. wt. 39 000 which still contained the steroid binding site but had increased affinity for DNA indistinguishable from that of the nti receptor. Chymotrypsin thus removed a domain from the wild-type receptor polypeptide which is involved in modulating DNA binding. The same domain is missing from the nti receptor.
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Hotz A. Die pulsdynamischen Untersuchungsmethoden und ihre klinische Anwendung. Clin Exp Med 1923. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02609163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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