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Tremblay-Franco M, Canlet C, Carriere A, Nakhle J, Galinier A, Portais JC, Yart A, Dray C, Lu WH, Bertrand Michel J, Guyonnet S, Rolland Y, Vellas B, Delrieu J, Barreto PDS, Pénicaud L, Casteilla L, Ader I. Integrative Multimodal Metabolomics to Early Predict Cognitive Decline Among Amyloid Positive Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae077. [PMID: 38452244 PMCID: PMC11000317 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is strongly linked to metabolic abnormalities. We aimed to distinguish amyloid-positive people who progressed to cognitive decline from those who remained cognitively intact. We performed untargeted metabolomics of blood samples from amyloid-positive individuals, before any sign of cognitive decline, to distinguish individuals who progressed to cognitive decline from those who remained cognitively intact. A plasma-derived metabolite signature was developed from Supercritical Fluid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (SFC-HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. The 2 metabolomics data sets were analyzed by Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent approaches for Omics studies (DIABLO), to identify a minimum set of metabolites that could describe cognitive decline status. NMR or SFC-HRMS data alone cannot predict cognitive decline. However, among the 320 metabolites identified, a statistical method that integrated the 2 data sets enabled the identification of a minimal signature of 9 metabolites (3-hydroxybutyrate, citrate, succinate, acetone, methionine, glucose, serine, sphingomyelin d18:1/C26:0 and triglyceride C48:3) with a statistically significant ability to predict cognitive decline more than 3 years before decline. This metabolic fingerprint obtained during this exploratory study may help to predict amyloid-positive individuals who will develop cognitive decline. Due to the high prevalence of brain amyloid-positivity in older adults, identifying adults who will have cognitive decline will enable the development of personalized and early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Tremblay-Franco
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Metatoul-AXIOM Platform, MetaboHUB, Toxalim, INRAE, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Canlet
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Metatoul-AXIOM Platform, MetaboHUB, Toxalim, INRAE, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Carriere
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Nakhle
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Galinier
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Charles Portais
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, INSA de Toulouse INSA/CNRS 5504 - UMR INSA/INRA 792,Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Dray
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Wan-Hsuan Lu
- Gérontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand Michel
- Lipidomic, MetaboHUB-MetaToul, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
- I2MC, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France (Biological Sciences Section)
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Gérontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gérontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gérontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Delrieu
- Gérontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe de Souto Barreto
- Gérontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, INSERM, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Luc Pénicaud
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Ader
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301 INSERM, 5070 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Saint-Laurent C, Mazeyrie L, Yart A, Edouard T. Novel therapeutic perspectives in Noonan syndrome and RASopathies. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1011-1019. [PMID: 37863846 PMCID: PMC10951041 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Noonan syndrome belongs to the family of RASopathies, a group of multiple congenital anomaly disorders caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding components or regulators of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway. Collectively, all these pathogenic variants lead to increased RAS/MAPK activation. The better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the different manifestations of NS and RASopathies has led to the identification of molecular targets for specific pharmacological interventions. Many specific agents (e.g. SHP2 and MEK inhibitors) have already been developed for the treatment of RAS/MAPK-driven malignancies. In addition, other molecules with the property of modulating RAS/MAPK activation are indicated in non-malignant diseases (e.g. C-type natriuretic peptide analogues in achondroplasia or statins in hypercholesterolemia). Conclusion: Drug repositioning of these molecules represents a challenging approach to treat or prevent medical complications associated with RASopathies. What is Known: • Noonan syndrome and related disorders are caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding components or regulators of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, resulting in increased activation of this pathway. • This group of disorders is now known as RASopathies and represents one of the largest groups of multiple congenital anomaly diseases known. What is New: • The identification of pathophysiological mechanisms provides new insights into the development of specific therapeutic strategies, in particular treatment aimed at reducing RAS/MAPK hyperactivation. • Drug repositioning of specific agents already developed for the treatment of malignant (e.g. SHP2 and MEK inhibitors) or non-malignant diseases (e.g. C-type natriuretic peptide analogues in achondroplasia or statins in hypercholesterolaemia) represents a challenging approach to the treatment of RASopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Saint-Laurent
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale 1301, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5070, Toulouse, France
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development, FIRENDO Network, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, 330 Avenue de Grande-Bretagne TSA 70034, 31059, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Laurène Mazeyrie
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale 1301, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5070, Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale 1301, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5070, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de La Santé Et de La Recherche Médicale 1301, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique 5070, Toulouse, France.
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development, FIRENDO Network, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, 330 Avenue de Grande-Bretagne TSA 70034, 31059, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
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3
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Personnaz J, Piccolo E, Dortignac A, Iacovoni JS, Mariette J, Rocher V, Polizzi A, Batut A, Deleruyelle S, Bourdens L, Delos O, Combes-Soia L, Paccoud R, Moreau E, Martins F, Clouaire T, Benhamed F, Montagner A, Wahli W, Schwabe RF, Yart A, Castan-Laurell I, Bertrand-Michel J, Burlet-Schiltz O, Postic C, Denechaud PD, Moro C, Legube G, Lee CH, Guillou H, Valet P, Dray C, Pradère JP. Nuclear HMGB1 protects from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through negative regulation of liver X receptor. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabg9055. [PMID: 35333579 PMCID: PMC8956270 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg9055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulations of lipid metabolism in the liver may trigger steatosis progression, leading to potentially severe clinical consequences such as nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs). Molecular mechanisms underlying liver lipogenesis are very complex and fine-tuned by chromatin dynamics and multiple key transcription factors. Here, we demonstrate that the nuclear factor HMGB1 acts as a strong repressor of liver lipogenesis. Mice with liver-specific Hmgb1 deficiency display exacerbated liver steatosis, while Hmgb1-overexpressing mice exhibited a protection from fatty liver progression when subjected to nutritional stress. Global transcriptome and functional analysis revealed that the deletion of Hmgb1 gene enhances LXRα and PPARγ activity. HMGB1 repression is not mediated through nucleosome landscape reorganization but rather via a preferential DNA occupation in a region carrying genes regulated by LXRα and PPARγ. Together, these findings suggest that hepatocellular HMGB1 protects from liver steatosis development. HMGB1 may constitute a new attractive option to therapeutically target the LXRα-PPARγ axis during NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Personnaz
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Enzo Piccolo
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alizée Dortignac
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jason S. Iacovoni
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Mariette
- MIAT, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Vincent Rocher
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Unit (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Polizzi
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Batut
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Deleruyelle
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucas Bourdens
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Océane Delos
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Combes-Soia
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Paccoud
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Elsa Moreau
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Martins
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Plateforme GeT, Genotoul, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Clouaire
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Unit (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Fadila Benhamed
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F- 75014 Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Montagner
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Walter Wahli
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Unit (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | | | - Armelle Yart
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Castan-Laurell
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- MetaToul-MetaboHUB, Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Postic
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, F- 75014 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Damien Denechaud
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Moro
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gaelle Legube
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Unit (MCD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric Dray
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Pradère
- Institut RESTORE, UMR 1301, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, UMR 1297/I2MC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Delagrange M, Rousseau V, Cessans C, Pienkowski C, Oliver I, Jouret B, Cartault A, Diene G, Tauber M, Salles JP, Yart A, Edouard T. Low bone mass in Noonan syndrome children correlates with decreased muscle mass and low IGF-1 levels. Bone 2021; 153:116170. [PMID: 34492361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although musculoskeletal abnormalities have long been described in patients with Noonan syndrome (NS), only a few studies have investigated the bone status of these patients. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to describe the bone health of children with NS. Thirty-five patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of NS were enrolled. We analyzed the axial skeleton (lumbar spine) using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and the appendicular skeleton (hand) with the BoneXpert system. Bone metabolism markers, including mineral homeostasis parameters, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) levels and markers of bone formation and resorption were also reported. Compared to the general population, axial and appendicular bone mass was significantly decreased in children with NS (p < 0.0001). Serum 25-OHD levels were low in about half of the patients and were negatively correlated with age (r = -0.52; p < 0.0001). Patients with NS exhibited reduced bone formation marker levels and increased bone resorption marker levels (p < 0.0001). No gender difference or genotype-phenotype correlations were found for the different bone parameters. Muscle mass and, to a lesser extent, serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were independent predictors of whole-body bone mineral content (p < 0.0001 for both parameters; adjusted R2 = 0.97). In conclusion, bone mass is reduced in children with NS and correlates with decreased muscle mass and low serum IGF-1 levels. These data justify addressing all potential threats to bone health including sufficient calcium and vitamin D intake, regular physical exercise, and hormone replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Delagrange
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Vanessa Rousseau
- MeDatAS-CIC unit, CIC1436, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Catie Cessans
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Pienkowski
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Oliver
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Béatrice Jouret
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Audrey Cartault
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Gwenaelle Diene
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Maithé Tauber
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Salles
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases and Genetics Unit, Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, ERN BOND, OSCAR Network, Pediatric Research Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France; RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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5
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Paccoud R, Saint-Laurent C, Piccolo E, Tajan M, Dortignac A, Pereira O, Le Gonidec S, Baba I, Gélineau A, Askia H, Branchereau M, Charpentier J, Personnaz J, Branka S, Auriau J, Deleruyelle S, Canouil M, Beton N, Salles JP, Tauber M, Weill J, Froguel P, Neel BG, Araki T, Heymes C, Burcelin R, Castan I, Valet P, Dray C, Gautier EL, Edouard T, Pradère JP, Yart A. SHP2 drives inflammation-triggered insulin resistance by reshaping tissue macrophage populations. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/591/eabe2587. [PMID: 33910978 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe2587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a key event in type 2 diabetes onset and a major comorbidity of obesity. It results from a combination of fat excess-triggered defects, including lipotoxicity and metaflammation, but the causal mechanisms remain difficult to identify. Here, we report that hyperactivation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 found in Noonan syndrome (NS) led to an unsuspected insulin resistance profile uncoupled from altered lipid management (for example, obesity or ectopic lipid deposits) in both patients and mice. Functional exploration of an NS mouse model revealed this insulin resistance phenotype correlated with constitutive inflammation of tissues involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Bone marrow transplantation and macrophage depletion improved glucose homeostasis and decreased metaflammation in the mice, highlighting a key role of macrophages. In-depth analysis of bone marrow-derived macrophages in vitro and liver macrophages showed that hyperactive SHP2 promoted a proinflammatory phenotype, modified resident macrophage homeostasis, and triggered monocyte infiltration. Consistent with a role of SHP2 in promoting inflammation-driven insulin resistance, pharmaceutical SHP2 inhibition in obese diabetic mice improved insulin sensitivity even better than conventional antidiabetic molecules by specifically reducing metaflammation and alleviating macrophage activation. Together, these results reveal that SHP2 hyperactivation leads to inflammation-triggered metabolic impairments and highlight the therapeutical potential of SHP2 inhibition to ameliorate insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Paccoud
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Céline Saint-Laurent
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Enzo Piccolo
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Mylène Tajan
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Alizée Dortignac
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Ophélie Pereira
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Sophie Le Gonidec
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Inès Baba
- INSERM UMR-S 1166, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Adélaïde Gélineau
- INSERM UMR-S 1166, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Haoussa Askia
- INSERM UMR-S 1166, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Maxime Branchereau
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Julie Charpentier
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Jean Personnaz
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Sophie Branka
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Johanna Auriau
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Simon Deleruyelle
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Nicolas Beton
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse France and Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31024, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Salles
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse France and Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31024, France
| | - Maithé Tauber
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse France and Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31024, France
| | - Jacques Weill
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- INSERM UMR 1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille F-59000, France.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Toshiyuki Araki
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Christophe Heymes
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Rémy Burcelin
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Isabelle Castan
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Cédric Dray
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Emmanuel L Gautier
- INSERM UMR-S 1166, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France.,Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse France and Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM UMR 1043, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31024, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Pradère
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France.,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, INSERM UMR 1048, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31432, France. .,RESTORE, INSERM UMR1301, CNRS UMR5070, Université Paul Sabatier, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse F-31100, France
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6
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Tajan M, Pernin-Grandjean J, Beton N, Gennero I, Capilla F, Neel BG, Araki T, Valet P, Tauber M, Salles JP, Yart A, Edouard T. Noonan syndrome-causing SHP2 mutants impair ERK-dependent chondrocyte differentiation during endochondral bone growth. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:2276-2289. [PMID: 29659837 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth retardation is a constant feature of Noonan syndrome (NS) but its physiopathology remains poorly understood. We previously reported that hyperactive NS-causing SHP2 mutants impair the systemic production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) through hyperactivation of the RAS/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) signalling pathway. Besides endocrine defects, a direct effect of these mutants on growth plate has not been explored, although recent studies have revealed an important physiological role for SHP2 in endochondral bone growth. We demonstrated that growth plate length was reduced in NS mice, mostly due to a shortening of the hypertrophic zone and to a lesser extent of the proliferating zone. These histological features were correlated with decreased expression of early chondrocyte differentiation markers, and with reduced alkaline phosphatase staining and activity, in NS murine primary chondrocytes. Although IGF1 treatment improved growth of NS mice, it did not fully reverse growth plate abnormalities, notably the decreased hypertrophic zone. In contrast, we documented a role of RAS/ERK hyperactivation at the growth plate level since 1) NS-causing SHP2 mutants enhance RAS/ERK activation in chondrocytes in vivo (NS mice) and in vitro (ATDC5 cells) and 2) inhibition of RAS/ERK hyperactivation by U0126 treatment alleviated growth plate abnormalities and enhanced chondrocyte differentiation. Similar effects were obtained by chronic treatment of NS mice with statins. In conclusion, we demonstrated that hyperactive NS-causing SHP2 mutants impair chondrocyte differentiation during endochondral bone growth through a local hyperactivation of the RAS/ERK signalling pathway, and that statin treatment may be a possible therapeutic approach in NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Tajan
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC)
| | - Julie Pernin-Grandjean
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Beton
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Gennero
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Capilla
- INSERM, US006, ANEXPLO/CREFRE, Histopathology Unit, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Benjamin G Neel
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Toshiyuki Araki
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU-Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Philippe Valet
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC)
| | - Maithé Tauber
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric Department, Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Salles
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric Department, Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC)
| | - Thomas Edouard
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric Department, Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
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7
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Moniez S, Pienkowski C, Lepage B, Hamdi S, Daudin M, Oliver I, Jouret B, Cartault A, Diene G, Verloes A, Cavé H, Salles JP, Tauber M, Yart A, Edouard T. Noonan syndrome males display Sertoli cell-specific primary testicular insufficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 2018; 179:409-418. [PMID: 30325180 DOI: 10.1530/eje-18-0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Context Abnormalities in the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis have long been reported in Noonan syndrome (NS) males with only few data available in prepubertal children. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the gonadal function of NS males from childhood to adulthood. Design It is a retrospective chart review. Patients and methods A total of 37 males with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of NS were included. Clinical and genetic features, as well as serum hormone levels (LH, FSH, testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and inhibin B) were analysed. Results Of the 37 patients, 16 (43%) children had entered puberty at a median age of 13.5 years (range: 11.4-15.0 years); age at pubertal onset was negatively correlated with BMI SDS (r = -0.541; P = 0.022). In pubertal boys, testosterone levels were normal suggesting a normal Leydig cell function. In contrast, NS patients had significant lower levels of AMH (mean SDS: -0.6 ± 1.1; P = 0.003) and inhibin B (mean SDS: -1.1 ± 1.2; P < 0.001) compared with the general population, suggesting a Sertoli cell dysfunction. Lower AMH and inhibin B levels were found in NS-PTPN11 patients, whereas these markers did not differ from healthy children in SOS1 patients. No difference was found between cryptorchid and non-cryptorchid patients for AMH and inhibin B levels (P = 0.43 and 0.62 respectively). Four NS-PTPN11 patients had a severe primary hypogonadism with azoospermia/cryptozoospermia. Conclusions NS males display Sertoli cell-specific primary testicular insufficiency, whereas Leydig cell function seems to be unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Moniez
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
| | | | - Benoit Lepage
- Department of Epidemiology, CECOS Midi-Pyrénées, EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Safouane Hamdi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Hormonology, CECOS Midi-Pyrénées, EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
- Fertility Centre, CECOS Midi-Pyrénées, EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Myriam Daudin
- Fertility Centre, CECOS Midi-Pyrénées, EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Oliver
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
| | - Béatrice Jouret
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
| | - Audrey Cartault
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
| | - Gwenaelle Diene
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
| | - Alain Verloes
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Cavé
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Salles
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP)
| | - Maithé Tauber
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP)
| | - Armelle Yart
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital
- INSERM UMR 1043, Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP)
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Tajan M, Paccoud R, Branka S, Edouard T, Yart A. The RASopathy Family: Consequences of Germline Activation of the RAS/MAPK Pathway. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:676-700. [PMID: 29924299 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Noonan syndrome [NS; Mendelian Inheritance in Men (MIM) #163950] and related syndromes [Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (formerly called LEOPARD syndrome; MIM #151100), Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair (MIM #607721), Costello syndrome (MIM #218040), cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome (MIM #115150), type I neurofibromatosis (MIM #162200), and Legius syndrome (MIM #611431)] are a group of related genetic disorders associated with distinctive facial features, cardiopathies, growth and skeletal abnormalities, developmental delay/mental retardation, and tumor predisposition. NS was clinically described more than 50 years ago, and disease genes have been identified throughout the last 3 decades, providing a molecular basis to better understand their physiopathology and identify targets for therapeutic strategies. Most of these genes encode proteins belonging to or regulating the so-called RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, so these syndromes have been gathered under the name RASopathies. In this review, we provide a clinical overview of RASopathies and an update on their genetics. We then focus on the functional and pathophysiological effects of RASopathy-causing mutations and discuss therapeutic perspectives and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Tajan
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Paccoud
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Branka
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an update on recent developments on Noonan syndrome with a special focus on endocrinology, bone, and metabolism aspects. The key issues still to be resolved and the future therapeutic perspectives will be discussed. RECENT FINDINGS The discovery of the molecular genetic causes of Noonan syndrome and Noonan-syndrome-related disorders has permitted us to better understand the mechanisms underlying the different symptoms of these diseases and to establish genotype-phenotype correlations (in growth patterns for example). In addition to the classical clinical hallmarks of Noonan syndrome, new important aspects include decreased fertility in men, lean phenotype with increased energy expenditure and possible impact on carbohydrate metabolism/insulin sensitivity, and impaired bone health. Further clinical studies are needed to investigate the long-term impact of these findings and their possible interconnections. Finally, the understanding of the crucial role of RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinases dysregulation in the pathophysiology of Noonan syndrome allows us to devise new therapeutic approaches. Some agents are currently undergoing clinical trials in Noonan syndrome patients. SUMMARY On the last 10 years, our knowledge of the molecular basis and the pathophysiology of Noonan syndrome has greatly advanced allowing us to gain insight in all the aspects of this disease and to devise new specific therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Yart
- INSERM UMR1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), Paul Sabatier University
| | - Thomas Edouard
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital
- INSERM UMR1043 - CNRS U5282, Physiopathology Center of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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10
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Cessans C, Ehlinger V, Arnaud C, Yart A, Capri Y, Barat P, Cammas B, Lacombe D, Coutant R, David A, Baron S, Weill J, Leheup B, Nicolino M, Salles JP, Verloes A, Tauber M, Cavé H, Edouard T. Growth patterns of patients with Noonan syndrome: correlation with age and genotype. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:641-50. [PMID: 26903553 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth patterns of patients with Noonan syndrome (NS) were established before the involved genes were identified. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to compare growth parameters according to genotype in patients with NS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study population included 420 patients (176 females and 244 males) harboring mutations in the PTPN11, SOS1, RAF1, or KRAS genes. NS-associated PTPN11 mutations (NS-PTPN11) and NS with multiple lentigines-associated PTPN11 mutations (NSML-PTPN11) were distinguished. Birth measures and height and body mass index (BMI) measures at 2, 5, 10 years, and adulthood were compared with the general population and between genotypes. RESULTS Patients with NS were shorter at birth (mean birth length standard deviation score (SDS): -1.0 ± 1.4; P < 0.001) and throughout childhood than the healthy population, with height SDS being -2.1 ± 1.3 at 2 years, and -2.1 ± 1.2 at 5 and 10 years and adulthood (P < 0.001). At birth, patients with NS-PTPN11 were significantly shorter and thinner than patients with NSML-PTPN11, SOS1, or KRAS. Growth retardation was significantly less severe and less frequent at 2 years in patients with NSML-PTPN11 and SOS1 than in patients with NS-PTPN11 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002 respectively). Patients with NS had lower BMI at 10 years (P < 0.001). No difference between genotypes was demonstrated. CONCLUSION Determining the growth patterns of patients with NS according to genotype should better inform clinicians about the natural course of growth in NS so that they can optimize the follow-up and management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catie Cessans
- EndocrineBone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Ehlinger
- UMR 1027 INSERMUniversity of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Arnaud
- UMR 1027 INSERMUniversity of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Clinical Epidemiology UnitToulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- INSERM UMR 1048Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Yline Capri
- Departments of GeneticsRobert-Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Barat
- Pediatric Endocrinology DepartmentClinical investigation Centre (CIC 1401), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benoit Cammas
- Pediatric Endocrinology DepartmentClinical investigation Centre (CIC 1401), Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Genetics DepartmentBordeaux University Hospital, EA4576, Bordeaux, France
| | - Régis Coutant
- Pediatric Endocrinology DepartmentAngers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Albert David
- Genetics DepartmentNantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Sabine Baron
- Pediatric Endocrine UnitNantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Jacques Weill
- Pediatric Endocrine UnitLille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Bruno Leheup
- Pediatric and Genetics UnitNancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre, France
| | - Marc Nicolino
- Pediatric Endocrinology DepartmentLyon University Pediatric Hospital, INSERM U.1060/UCBL/HCL, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Salles
- EndocrineBone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France INSERM UMR 1043Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Verloes
- Departments of GeneticsRobert-Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Maithé Tauber
- EndocrineBone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France INSERM UMR 1043Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Cavé
- Departments of GeneticsRobert-Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- EndocrineBone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France INSERM UMR 1043Centre of Pathophysiology of Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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11
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Nédélec A, Edouard T, Combier J, Bel-Vialar S, Métrich M, Conte-Auriol F, Lyonnet S, Parfait B, Tauber M, Salles J, Lezoualc’h F, Yart A, Raynal P. R39: Impact des mutations de PTPN11 (SHP2) responsables du syndrome LEOPARD sur la signalisation PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta induite par l’epidermal growth factor (EGF) : implication dans la tumorogenèse ? Bull Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(15)30956-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Edouard T, Montagner A, Dance M, Conte F, Yart A, Parfait B, Tauber M, Salles JP, Raynal P. How do Shp2 mutations that oppositely influence its biochemical activity result in syndromes with overlapping symptoms? Cell Mol Life Sci 2007; 64:1585-90. [PMID: 17453145 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-6509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Activating and inactivating mutations of SHP-2 are responsible, respectively, for the Noonan (NS) and the LEOPARD (LS) syndromes. Clinically, these developmental disorders overlap greatly, resulting in the apparent paradox of similar diseases caused by mutations that oppositely influence SHP-2 phosphatase activity. While the mechanisms remain unclear, recent functional analysis of SHP-2, along with the identification of other genes involved in NS and in other related syndromes (neurofibromatosis-1, Costello and cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes), strongly suggest that Ras/MAPK represents the major signaling pathway deregulated by SHP-2 mutants. We discuss the idea that, with the exception of LS mutations that have been shown to exert a dominant negative effect, all disease-causing mutations involved in Ras/MAPK-mediated signaling, including SHP-2, might lead to enhanced MAPK activation. This suggests that a narrow range of MAPK signaling is required for appropriate development. We also discuss the possibility that LS mutations may not simply exhibit dominant negative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Edouard
- Dept. Lipoprotéines et Médiateurs Lipidiques, INSERM U563, Site Purpan, 31024, Toulouse, France
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Zhao J, Yart A, Frigerio S, Perren A, Schraml P, Weisstanner C, Stallmach T, Krek W, Moch H. Sporadic human renal tumors display frequent allelic imbalances and novel mutations of the HRPT2 gene. Oncogene 2006; 26:3440-9. [PMID: 17130827 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inactivation of the HRPT2 gene encoding parafibromin was recently linked to the familial hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. Patients with this syndrome carry an increased risk of parathyroid and renal tumors. To determine the relevance of HRPT2 for sporadic renal tumors, clear cell, papillary and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas as well as oncocytomas and Wilms tumors were analysed for HRPT2 gene alterations. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of HRPT2 was found in seven of 56 (12.5%) clear cell, three of 14 (21%) papillary, six of 10 (60%) chromophobe renal cell carcinomas, three of eight (38%) oncocytomas and four of 10 (40%) Wilms tumors. In addition, two novel HRPT2 point mutations, causing K34Q and R292K changes in parafibromin, were detected in one clear cell carcinoma and one Wilms tumor, respectively. These tumors displayed LOH of the remaining wild-type allele, but interestingly no von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutation. Functional analysis revealed that the K34Q mutant species of parafibromin is, unlike wild-type protein, defective in suppressing cyclin D1 expression in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that renal cancer-associated mutations in parafibromin occur in the absence of VHL mutation, which in turn may contribute to constitutively elevated cyclin D1 expression and abnormal cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Dance M, Montagner A, Yart A, Masri B, Audigier Y, Perret B, Salles JP, Raynal P. The adaptor protein Gab1 couples the stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 to the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:23285-95. [PMID: 16787925 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m600987200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) mediates essential functions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), including the stimulation of endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Nevertheless, the mechanisms coupling the receptor VEGFR-2 to PI3K remain obscure. We observed that the Grb2-bound adapter Gab1 is tyrosine-phosphorylated and relocated to membrane fractions upon VEGF stimulation of endothelial cells. We could detect the PI3K regulatory subunit p85 in immunoprecipitates of endogenous Gab1, and vice versa, and measure a Gab1-associated lipid kinase activity upon VEGF stimulation. Furthermore, transfection of the Gab1-YF3 mutant lacking all p85-binding sites strongly repressed PI3K activation measured in vitro. Moreover, Gab1-YF3 severely decreased the cellular amount of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) generated in response to VEGF. Furthermore, adenoviral expression of Gab1-YF3 suppressed both Akt phosphorylation and recovery of wounded human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers, a VEGF-dependent process involving cell migration and proliferation under PI3K control. Transfection of other Gab1 mutants, lacking Grb2-binding sites or the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, also prevented Akt activation, further demonstrating Gab1 involvement in PI3K activation. These mutants were also used to show that interactions with both Grb2 and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 mediate Gab1 recruitment by VEGFR-2. Importantly, Gab1 mobilization was impaired by (i) PI3K inhibitors, (ii) deletion of Gab1 PH domain, (iii) PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) overexpression to repress PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 production, and (iv) overexpression of a competitor PH domain for PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 binding, which altogether demonstrated that PI3K is also an upstream regulator of Gab1. Gab1 thus appears as a primary actor in coupling VEGFR-2 to PI3K/Akt, recruited through an amplification loop involving PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and its PH domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dance
- Département Lipoprotéines et Médiateurs Lipidiques, INSERM U563, Bat. C, Hôpital Purpan, B. P. 3028, 31024 Toulouse, France
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Yart A, Gstaiger M, Wirbelauer C, Pecnik M, Anastasiou D, Hess D, Krek W. The HRPT2 tumor suppressor gene product parafibromin associates with human PAF1 and RNA polymerase II. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25:5052-60. [PMID: 15923622 PMCID: PMC1140601 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.12.5052-5060.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of the HRPT2 tumor suppressor gene is associated with the pathogenesis of the hereditary hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome and malignancy in sporadic parathyroid tumors. The cellular function of the HPRT2 gene product, parafibromin, has not been defined yet. Here we show that parafibromin physically interacts with human orthologs of yeast Paf1 complex components, including PAF1, LEO1, and CTR9, that are involved in transcription elongation and 3' end processing. It also associates with modified forms of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II, in particular those phosphorylated on serine 5 or 2 within the carboxy-terminal domain, that are important for the coordinate recruitment of transcription elongation and RNA processing machineries during the transcription cycle. These interactions depend on a C-terminal domain of parafibromin, which is deleted in ca. 80% of clinically relevant mutations. Finally, RNAi-induced downregulation of parafibromin promotes entry into S phase, implying a role for parafibromin as an inhibitor of cell cycle progression. Taken together, these findings link the tumor suppressor parafibromin to the transcription elongation and RNA processing pathway as a PAF1 complex- and RNA polymerase II-bound protein. Dysfunction of this pathway may be a general phenomenon in the majority of cases of hereditary parathyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Yart
- Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Raynal P, Montagner A, Dance M, Yart A. [Lysophospholipids and cancer: current status and perspectives]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 53:57-62. [PMID: 15620613 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2004.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2004] [Accepted: 01/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Circulating phospholipids carrying a single esterified fatty acid, the so-called lysophospholipids, are now considered as mediators of the intercellular communication. Their major members are the lysophosphatidic acid and the sphingosine 1-phosphate, two molecules displaying biological activities similar to those of growth factors or cytokines, through a recently identified subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. They are involved in various biological processes, e.g., brain development and angiogenesis, but the following evidences suggest that these lipids are also significant actors of tumour development: (i) they stimulate the growth, survival and migration of tumour cells from various origins (ovary, prostate, glioblastoma...); (ii) they are abundant in malignant effusions; (iii) the lysophospholipid-producing enzymes are tumourigenic. Even if it remains necessary to define the role of these "oncolipids" in relationship with oncogenes and tumor suppressors, they may well be the mediators of an efficient autostimulatory system of the proliferating and migratory capacities of cancer cells, suggesting that lysophospholipids could represent novel valuable targets for anticancer pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Raynal
- Département lipoprotéines et médiateurs lipidiques (LML), Inserm U563, IFR 30, centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan, hôpital Purpan, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Montagner A, Yart A, Dance M, Perret B, Salles JP, Raynal P. A Novel Role for Gab1 and SHP2 in Epidermal Growth Factor-induced Ras Activation. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:5350-60. [PMID: 15574420 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m410012200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SHP2 was recently found to down-regulate PI3K activation by dephosphorylating Gab1 but the mechanisms explaining the positive role of the Gab1/SHP2 pathway in EGF-induced Ras activation remain ill defined. Substrate trapping experiments now suggest that SHP2 dephosphorylates other Gab1 phosphotyrosines located within a central region displaying four YXXP motifs. Because these sites are potential docking motifs for Ras-GAP, we tested whether SHP2 dephosphorylates them to facilitate Ras activation. We observed that a Gab1 construct preventing SHP2 recruitment promoted membrane relocation of RasGAP. Moreover, a RasGAP-inactive mutant restored the activation of Ras in cells transfected with SHP2-inactivating Gab1 mutant or in SHP2-deficient fibroblasts, supporting the hypothesis that RasGAP is a downstream target of SHP2. To determine whether Gab1 is a RasGAP-binding partner, a Gab1 mutant deleted of four YXXP motifs was produced. The deletion suppressed RasGAP redistribution and restored the defective Ras activation caused by SHP2-inactivating mutations. Moreover, Gab1 was found to interact with RasGAP SH2 domains, only under conditions where SHP2 is not activated. To identify Ras-GAP-binding sites, Tyr to Phe mutants of Gab1 YXXP motifs were produced. Gab1 constructs mutated on Tyr(317) were severely affected in RasGAP binding and were the most active in compensating for Ras-defective activation and blocking RasGAP redistribution induced by SHP2 inactivation. We have thus localized on Gab1 a Ras-negative regulatory tyrosine phosphorylation site involved in RasGAP binding and showed that an important SHP2 function is to down-regulate its phosphorylation to disengage RasGAP and sustain Ras activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Montagner
- Département Lipoprotéines et Médiateurs Lipidiques, INSERM U563, Hôpital Purpan, 31300 Toulouse, France
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Abstract
Ras proteins function as molecular switches that cycle between an inactive GDP-bound state, and an active GTP-bound form that triggers different signaling pathways. Because Ras can integrate both proliferative and anti-apoptotic stimuli, GTP-locked Ras mutants play a critical role in the development of human tumors. Moreover, wild-type Ras relays the transforming potential of a number of molecules involved in tumor development, including protein tyrosine kinases. Consequently, the molecular intermediates that control Ras activation are potential targets of anti-tumoral pharmacology. Besides the canonical Shc/Grb2/Sos module classically involved in Ras activation, novel effectors have recently been shown to participate in this pathway, including the multivalent Grb2-associated docking protein Gab1, the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Recent genetic advances have shown that these proteins are critically involved in cell proliferation and survival, further suggesting that they could be interesting targets for selective tumor therapy. Here we review recent progress in our understanding of the role of Gab1 and its partners in Ras activation, and other survival/proliferation pathways. Implications for the pharmacological manipulation of this pathway in the treatment of cancer will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Yart
- INSERM U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse-Purpan, Dept. of Lipoproteins and Lipid Mediators, I.F.R.30, Hôpital Purpan, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Peres C, Yart A, Perret B, Salles JP, Raynal P. Modulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation by cholesterol level suggests a novel positive role for lipid rafts in lysophosphatidic acid signalling. FEBS Lett 2003; 534:164-8. [PMID: 12527380 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MbetaCD) was used to explore a role for cholesterol-enriched plasma membrane microdomains in coupling lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) stimulation to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation. Cholesterol depletion strongly inhibited the production of phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate in Vero cells stimulated with LPA. In agreement, the phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B, but not of Erk kinases, was suppressed by MbetaCD. MbetaCD did not interfere with the overall phospholipid metabolism, and its effects were reversed in cholesterol add-back experiments. Finally, PI3K was detected in lipid rafts prepared from control but not MbetaCD-treated cells, suggesting that these microdomains contribute to LPA signalling by compartmentalising component(s) of the PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Peres
- INSERM U563, Department of Lipoproteins and Lipid Mediators, IFR 30, Hôpital Purpan, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Yart A, Roche S, Wetzker R, Laffargue M, Tonks N, Mayeux P, Chap H, Raynal P. A function for phosphoinositide 3-kinase beta lipid products in coupling beta gamma to Ras activation in response to lysophosphatidic acid. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:21167-78. [PMID: 11916960 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110411200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Gbetagamma is thought to mediate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in response to G protein-coupled receptor stimulation, the mechanisms involved in this pathway have not been clearly defined. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) has been proposed as an early intermediate in this process, but its role has remained elusive. We have observed that dominant negative mutants of p110beta, but not of p110gamma, inhibited MAPK stimulation in response to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). The role of p110beta was located upstream from Ras. To determine which of the lipid or protein kinase activities of p110beta were important for Ras activation, we produced a mutant p110beta lacking the lipid but not the protein kinase activity. This protein displayed a dominant negative activity similar to a kinase-dead mutant, indicating that p110beta lipid kinase activity was essentially involved in Ras activation. In agreement, overexpression of the lipid phosphatase PTEN was found to specifically inhibit Ras stimulation induced by LPA. In addition, we have observed that the PH domain-containing adapter protein Gab1, which is involved in p110beta activation during LPA stimulation, is also implicated in this pathway downstream of p110beta. Indeed, both membrane redistribution and phosphorylation of Gab1 were reduced in the presence of PI3K inhibitors or dominant negative p110beta. Downstream of Gab1, the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 was found to mediate Ras activation in response to LPA and to be recruited through PI3K and Gab1, because transfection of Gab1 mutant deficient for SHP2 binding inhibited Ras activation without interfering with PI3K activation. We conclude that LPA-induced Ras activation is mediated by a p110beta/Gab1/SHP2 pathway. Moreover, we present data indicating that p110beta is effectively the target of betagamma in this pathway, suggesting that the p110beta/Gab1/SHP2 pathway provides a novel link between betagamma and Ras by integrating two early events of LPA signaling, i.e. Gbetagamma release and tyrosine kinase receptor transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Yart
- INSERM U326, IFR 30, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse 31059, France
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Yart A, Chap H, Raynal P. Phosphoinositide 3-kinases in lysophosphatidic acid signaling: regulation and cross-talk with the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta 2002; 1582:107-11. [PMID: 12069817 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-1981(02)00144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports have shown that phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) mediate various biological activities of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), including cell proliferation or survival. In addition, these enzymes have been proposed to be early intermediates of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. Here we summarize our current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying these observations. p110gamma is an isoform of PI3K that can be activated in vitro by Gbetagamma subunits and was therefore considered as the logical candidate to mediate responses induced by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists. In agreement with this, p110gamma has been involved in different biochemical models linking Gbetagamma to MAPK activation. Nevertheless, its apparent tissue-specific distribution has raised questions regarding the physiological relevance of these models. In addition, LPA can activate p110beta, a member of the phosphotyrosine-dependent PI3K subfamily that participates in the mitogenic effect of LPA. Its activation is thought to involve a synergistic effect of Gbetagamma and phosphotyrosine motifs provided by a transactivated EGF receptor/Gab1 pathway. We are currently studying a possible role of p110beta upstream from Ras, suggesting that this protein could provide a novel connection between betagamma and the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Yart
- INSERM U326, IFR 30, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
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22
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Yart A, Laffargue M, Mayeux P, Chretien S, Peres C, Tonks N, Roche S, Payrastre B, Chap H, Raynal P. A critical role for phosphoinositide 3-kinase upstream of Gab1 and SHP2 in the activation of ras and mitogen-activated protein kinases by epidermal growth factor. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:8856-64. [PMID: 11134009 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m006966200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the mechanisms involved in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) by receptor tyrosine kinases do not display an obvious role for phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), we have observed in the nontransformed cell line Vero stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) that wortmannin and LY294002 nearly abolished MAPK activation. The effect was observed under strong stimulation and was independent of EGF concentration. In addition, three mutants of class Ia PI3Ks were found to inhibit MAPK activation to an extent similar to their effect on Akt/protein kinase B activation. To determine the importance of PI3K lipid kinase activity in MAPK activation, we have used the phosphatase PTEN and the pleckstrin homology domain of Tec kinase. Overexpression of these proteins, but not control mutants, was found to inhibit MAPK activation, suggesting that the lipid products of class Ia PI3K are necessary for MAPK signaling. We next investigated the location of PI3K in the MAPK cascade. Pharmacological inhibitors and dominant negative forms of PI3K were found to block the activation of Ras induced by EGF. Upstream from Ras, although association of Grb2 with its conventional effectors was independent of PI3K, we have observed that the recruitment of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 required PI3K. Because SHP2 was also essential for Ras activation, this suggested the existence of a PI3K/SHP2 pathway leading to the activation of Ras. In addition, we have observed that the docking protein Gab1, which is involved in PI3K activation during EGF stimulation, is also implicated in this pathway downstream of PI3K. Indeed, the association of Gab1 with SHP2 was blocked by PI3K inhibitors, and expression of Gab1 mutant deficient for binding to SHP2 was found to inhibit Ras stimulation without interfering with PI3K activation. These results show that, in addition to Shc and Grb2, a PI3K-dependent pathway involving Gab1 and SHP2 is essential for Ras activation under EGF stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yart
- INSERM U326, IFR 30, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse 31059, INSERM U363, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, Paris 75014, France
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Laffargue M, Raynal P, Yart A, Peres C, Wetzker R, Roche S, Payrastre B, Chap H. An epidermal growth factor receptor/Gab1 signaling pathway is required for activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase by lysophosphatidic acid. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:32835-41. [PMID: 10551845 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.46.32835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) has been shown to play an essential role in G protein-induced signaling even in non-myeloid cells where few agonists of G protein-coupled receptors are known to activate PI3K. We have identified adherent cell lines where lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) strongly and rapidly activates the accumulation of PI3K lipid products. The process is not modified by expression of a kinase-dead mutant of the Gbetagamma-responsive PI3K p110gamma. In contrast, it is inhibited by genistein or expression of a dominant negative mutant of p85 and potentiated by overexpressing wild-type p110alpha or -beta but not -gamma. By using a specific chemical inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and expression of a dominant negative mutant, we have observed that recruitment of p85/p110 PI3Ks occurs through transactivation of the EGFR by LPA and downstream mobilization of the docking protein Gab1 that associates with p85 upon LPA stimulation. Finally, we show that LPA cannot activate PI3K in cell lines lacking the EGFR/Gab1 pathway, including cells that transactivate the PDGF receptor. Altogether, these results demonstrate that activation of PI3K by LPA is conditioned by the ability of LPA to transactivate an EGFR/Gab1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Laffargue
- INSERM U326, IFR 30, Hopital Purpan, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Brignolas F, Lacroix B, Lieutier F, Sauvard D, Drouet A, Claudot AC, Yart A, Berryman AA, Christiansen E. Induced Responses in Phenolic Metabolism in Two Norway Spruce Clones after Wounding and Inoculations with Ophiostoma polonicum, a Bark Beetle-Associated Fungus. Plant Physiol 1995; 109:821-827. [PMID: 12228635 PMCID: PMC161382 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.3.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Two Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) clones, one resistant and the other susceptible to mass inoculation with Ophiostoma polonicum Siem., were compared with regard to their phenolic compositions and chalcone synthase (CHS) and stilbene synthase activities of their phloem before and at 6 and 12 d after artificial inoculation with sterile malt agar or O. polonicum. In unwounded phloem, the resistant clone differed from the susceptible clone by the presence of taxifolin glycoside, lower concentrations of stilbene glycosides, and higher CHS activity. After inoculation, (+)-catechin concentration and CHS activity dramatically increased around the wound, particularly in the resistant clone. Stilbene synthase activity also increased, but more slowly and to a lower level, whereas the concentrations of stilbenes remained stable. Tanning ability decreased in the susceptible clone, whereas it remained stable in the resistant one. It is proposed that the induced phenolic response of Norway spruce phloem consists of an activation of the phenolic pathway, finally leading to tannins and insoluble polymers. It is suggested that resistance to O. polonicum depends on the ability of the tree to easily activate the flavonoid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Brignolas
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Zoologie Forestiere, Ardon, 45160 Olivet, France (F.B., F.L., D.S., A.Y.)
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25
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Lieutier F, Garcia J, Yart A, Vouland G, Pettinetti M, Morelet M. Ophiostomatales (Ascomycètes) associées à lps acuminatus GylI (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) sur le pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L) dans le Sud-Est de la France et comparaison avec lps sexdentatus Boern. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1051/agro:19910911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Lieutier F, Yart A, Garcia J, Ham MC. Cinétique de croissance des champignons associés à lps sexdentatus Boern et Tomicus piniperda L (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) et des réactions de défense des pins sylvestres (Pinus sylvestris L) inoculés. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1051/agro:19900307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Lieutier F, Yart A, Garcia J, Ham MC, Morelet M, Levieux J. Champignons phytopathogènes associés à deux coléoptères scolytidae du pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) et étude préliminaire de leur agressivité envers l'hôte. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1051/forest:19890301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Piou D, Lieutier F, Yart A. Observations symptomatologiques et rôles possibles d'Ophiostoma minus Hedgc. (ascomycète : Ophiostomatales) et de Tomicus piniperda L. (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) dans le dépérissement du pin sylvestre en forêt d'Orléans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1051/forest:19890104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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29
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Lieutier F, Yart A. Preferenda thermiques des champignons associés à lps sexdentatus Boern. et Tomicus piniperda L. ( Coleoptera : Scolytidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1051/forest:19890408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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