Intern nursing students' perceptions of patient safety culture and their experiences with factors affecting the safety of care in hospital settings: A mixed method study

BACKGROUND

Patient safety culture is a globally studied subject as it plays a significant role in preventing and reducing errors. There is limited mixed-method research into the in-depth investigation of intern nurses' views on patient safety in hospital settings and the factors affecting it.

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to determine intern nursing students' perceptions of patient safety culture and their experiences with exploring factors affecting the safety of care in hospital settings.

DESIGN AND METHODS

A convergent mixed-method design was used. The study group was selected using the purposive sampling method. STROBE and COREQ checklists were followed. The quantitative phase was descriptive and correlational, and the qualitative phase was phenomenological. Quantitative data were collected using a "Personal Information Form" and "Patient Safety Culture Scale" and qualitative data using a "Semi-Structured Interview Form." Mean ± standard deviation, median (min-max), frequency, percentage values, Shapiro-Wilk, and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed to evaluate quantitative data. The inductive content analysis method was used to analyze qualitative data.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS

The study consisted of intern nursing students from a university in the 2020-2021 academic year. The quantitative phase of the research was conducted with 38 and the qualitative phase with nine intern nursing students. In the qualitative phase, the saturation point was taken as a basis.

RESULTS

In the study, nursing students' perceptions of patient safety culture were high (3.24 ± 0.49; min = 1.88 and max = 4). The results of the qualitative data analysis indicated that the factors affecting patient safety in hospital settings consisted of three themes, namely "health professionals, care environment, and patients and caregivers" and nine subthemes.

CONCLUSIONS

Intern nursing students had high perceptions of patient safety culture and had highly significant experiences with the factors affecting safe care in hospital settings.

The Effect of Prewarming on Perioperative Hypothermia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

PURPOSE

One of the methods for maintaining perioperative normothermia is prewarming. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a preoperative prewarming intervention on perioperative body temperature.

DESIGN

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS

A literature review was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Science Direct, Springer Link, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovid databases. Randomized controlled trials that investigate the effect of prewarming on body temperature in the prevention of perioperative hypothermia were included. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration "risk of bias" tool. Meta-analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 2. Moderator analysis and publication bias assessment were performed. Funnel plots were analyzed using Orwin's fail-safe N, Trim, and Fill test method to investigate the source of heterogeneity.

FINDINGS

A total of 907 studies were found. The systematic review included 27 studies. Of these, 23 were included in the intraoperative meta-analysis, and 16 were included in the postoperative meta-analysis. According to the meta-analysis results, the prewarming intervention was effective in maintaining normothermia in the intraoperative (Hedge's g = 0.972, 95% confidence intervaI = 0.674 to 1.270) and postoperative (Hedge's g = 0.818, 95% confidence intervaI = 0.520 to 1.114) periods.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis showed that preoperative prewarming played a significant role in providing and maintaining perioperative normothermia.

The effect of discharge training with the teach-back method on post-discharge challenges in lumbar disc herniation patients: A quasi-experimental study

BACKGROUND

Shortened length of hospital stay in patients undergoing lumbar disc herniation surgery forces to undertake interventions that facilitate optimal patient outcomes.

AIM

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of discharge training given by teach-back method, and counseling based on individual needs and a study-specific training booklet on postoperative pain and challenges experienced by lumbar disc herniation patients.

METHODS

This study had a quasi-experimental design and was conducted with 94 patients. Patients were divided into a control group (n = 48) and an intervention group (n = 46) using the blocking method. The pain was assessed at the time of patient admission, at discharge, and at follow-up; postoperative challenges were evaluated at discharge and follow-up.

RESULTS

Most patients experienced pain and challenges such as kinesiophobia, weakness-exhaustion-fatigue, irritability, constipation, and insomnia. The patients in the intervention group had less back and leg pain and challenges.

CONCLUSIONS

The benefits of education given by teach-back method, and counseling in reducing the postoperative problems experienced by patients who underwent surgery for lumbar disc herniation were demonstrated in this study. The findings suggest that study-specific training and counseling may be useful for addressing the pain and challenges of patients with lumbar disc herniation.