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Shumye AF, Tegegne MM, Eticha BL, Bekele MM, Woredekal AT, Asmare L. Prevalence and associated factors of proliferative diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023: A cross-sectional multicenter study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303267. [PMID: 38728350 PMCID: PMC11086827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is one of the advanced complications of diabetic retinopathy. If left untreated, almost all eyes could lose a significant portion of their vision within four months. There is limited evidence regarding the magnitude of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and associated factors in the study setting and also in Ethiopia. PURPOSE To determine the magnitude and associated factors of proliferative diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients attending Specialized Comprehensive Hospital-Diabetic Care Clinics in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023. METHODS A multicenter, hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on 1219 adult diabetic patients selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through an in-person interview and physical examination. The Statistical Package for Social Science Version 20 was used to analyze the data. Logistic regression methods were used to test the association between predisposing factors and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to determine the strength of association. RESULTS The prevalence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy was 3.1% (95% CI: 2.10%-4.10%). Hypertension (AOR = 4.35 (95% CI: 1.87-10.12)), peripheral neuropathy (AOR = 3.87 (95% CI: 1.57-9.54)), nephropathy (AOR = 2.58 (95% CI: 1.13-5.87)), ≥10 years duration of diabetes mellitus (AOR = 5.30 (95% CI: 2.32-12.14)), insulin use (AOR = 3.07 (95% CI: 1.08-8.68)), and poor adherence to diabetes mellitus medications (AOR = 3.77 (95% CI: 1.64-8.64)) were confirmed to have statistically significant association with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. CONCLUSION The prevalence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients in the diabetes clinic was higher than the global study. Hypertension, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, ≥10 year's duration of diabetic mellitus, insulin use and poor adherence to diabetes mellitus medications were among the factors significantly associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abebech Fikade Shumye
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mebratu Mulusew Tegegne
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Lelisa Eticha
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Matiyas Mamo Bekele
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Lakew Asmare
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Mersha GA, Alemu DS, Ferede MG, Tegegn MT, Tilahun MM, Lorato MM, Eticha BL, Woredekal AT. Correction to: Association of Poor Quality of Sleep with Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy: A Matched Case-Control Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:1155. [PMID: 36856981 PMCID: PMC10011211 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Getasew Alemu Mersha
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Destaye Shiferaw Alemu
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Melkamu Temeselew Tegegn
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mikias Mered Tilahun
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Merkineh Markos Lorato
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Lelisa Eticha
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Alemu Mersha G, Alimaw YA, Woredekal AT. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients in Northwest Ethiopia-A cross sectional hospital based study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262664. [PMID: 35061820 PMCID: PMC8782290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus on eye and it is the leading cause of visual impairment among productive segment of the population. Globally, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is reported to be 27%. In Ethiopia, sufficient data is lacking on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy as well as information on its predisposing factors. The study was required to assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its predisposing factors in diabetic patients attending at a General Hospital in Ethiopia. METHODS An institution based cross sectional study was employed on 331 diabetic patients recruited with a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaire, tracing patients' medical folder and ocular health examination. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Science Version 20. Logistic regression methods of analysis were used to figure out predisposing factors of diabetic retinopathy. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to determine the strength of association. RESULT A total of 331 diabetic patients completed the study with a response rate of 99.10%. The median duration of diabetes was 5 years. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 34.1% (95%Confidence Interval (CI): 28.7%-39.3%). Low family monthly income (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 7.43, 95% CI: 2.44-22.57), longer duration of diabetes (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.30-1.58), poor glycemic control (AOR = 4.76, 95%CI: 2.26-10.00), and being on insulin treatment alone (AOR = 3.85, 95%CI: 1.16-12.74) were independently associated with diabetic retinopathy. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 34.1%, higher than national and global figures. Low family monthly income, longer duration of diabetes, poor glucose control and being on insulin treatment alone were important risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. Proper diabetes self management and early screening of diabetic retinopathy in all diabetic patients were recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getasew Alemu Mersha
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yezinash Addis Alimaw
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Mersha GA, Alimaw YA, Woredekal AT, Assaye AK, Zeleke TC. Awareness and knowledge of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients at a General Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211054994. [PMID: 34888050 PMCID: PMC8649097 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211054994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetic retinopathy is an evident complication of diabetes on eye and contributes for significant portion of blindness worldwide. In Ethiopia, data are lacking on awareness and knowledge of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients. This study desired to assess knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and it is relating factors among diabetic patients attending at a General Hospital in Ethiopia. Methods We have interviewed 306 diabetic patients who were attending at Debre Tabor General Hospital. Binary logistic regression model was used to recognize associated factors to good knowledge of diabetic retinopathy. Adjusted odds ratio was used to show the power of association. A p-value of less than 0.05 was set to determine its statistical significance. Result The diabetic patients had a median age of 45 (range = 30) years. From the total diabetic patients, 242 (79.10%) knew that diabetes could affect the eye and 81 (26.50%) were aware of diabetic retinopathy. From those who were informed of diabetic retinopathy, 32 (39.50%) (95% confidence interval = 27.90-51.20) had good knowledge of diabetic retinopathy. High educational status (adjusted odds ratio = 4.08, 95% confidence interval = 1.00-16.50) and non-government employee (adjusted odds ratio = 0.19, 95% confidence interval = 0.05-0.70) were significantly associated with good knowledge of diabetic retinopathy. Physicians and eye doctors were the most frequent source of information for the awareness of diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion From the total diabetic patients recruited in the study, 39.5% of them obtained information about diabetic retinopathy and the overall knowledge was poor among them. Knowledge of diabetes can affect the eye and it causes blindness was good among majority of the participants. Higher educational status and being a non-government employee were determined to be important predisposing factors of good knowledge. It is also better to involve diabetic educators and counselors in educating diabetic patients on the serious complication of diabetes on eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getasew Alemu Mersha
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yezinash Addis Alimaw
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Aragaw Kegne Assaye
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tarekegn Chekilie Zeleke
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Alemu Mersha G, Tsegaw Woredekal A, Tilahun Tesfaw M. Sight-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Risk Factors Among Adult Diabetes Patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:4561-4569. [PMID: 33408458 PMCID: PMC7779297 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s285606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with diabetes have an increased risk of developing sight-threatening conditions. Sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) is an advanced microvascular of complication of diabetes on the eye. It remains one of the leading causes of preventable blindness among working age adults around the world. There is a paucity of evidence on the prevalence of STDR and its associated factors in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of STDR and its associated factors among adult diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital (DTGH), Northwest Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 306 diabetes patients at Debre Tabor General Hospital with systematic random sampling technique. Semi-structured questionnaire, document review and physical examination were applied to collect the data. Binary and multivariable logistic regression model were used to identify associated factors for STDR. RESULTS The majority of the participants 163 (53.3%) were type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and the mean age of T1 and T2 DM participants was 34.5 (12.8) and 58.7 (10.7) years respectively. The prevalence of STDR was 15.3% (95%CI: 9.6%-20.9%) and 11.9% (6.6-17.5) in T1DM and T2DM, respectively. Low family monthly income (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=4.4, 95%CI: 1.05-18.40) among T2DM, longer duration of diabetes (AOR=10.9, 95%CI: 2.94-40.4) among T1DM (AOR=3.54, 95CI: 1.06-11.8) among T2DM and poor glycemic control (AOR=3.93, 95%CI: 1.06-14.5) and hypertension (AOR=5.86, 95%CI: 1.20-28.6) among T1DM and BMI (AOR=4.79, 95%CI: 1.35-17.00) among T2DM were significantly associated with STDR. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION The prevalence of STDR was high. Low family monthly income, longer duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control, hypertension and obesity were positively associated with STDR. Early screening of STDR and improving diabetes self management in all diabetes patients were recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getasew Alemu Mersha
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Matyas Tilahun Tesfaw
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Assem AS, Tegegne MM, Alemu DS, Woredekal AT, Tefera TK. Knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors among adult patients with diabetes mellitus attending at debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:453. [PMID: 33208125 PMCID: PMC7672967 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Routine eye examination plays a vital role in detecting diabetic retinopathy in its earliest stage before the onset of blindness. Patients’ knowledge about the nature and the consequences of diabetic retinopathy and routine eye checkup helps for timely identification and early treatment. However, there is limited evidence on knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus on diabetic retinopathy and their eye check-up practices in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among adult diabetic patients at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 20/2018- May 20/2018. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 230 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above. Data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result Out of 238 sample 230 were participated, among this, 119 (51.7%) were males. The mean age of the respondents was 49 (SD ±17.6) years. One hundred nine (47.4%) participants had good knowledge and 91 (39.6%) had good eye check-up practice. Urban residence [AOR = 2.65;95% CI: 1.16–6.07)]), monthly income of 3501–8000 birr [AOR = 4.54;(1.31–15.7)], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR = 3.9;(1.6–9.6)], duration of diabetes (6–12 years [AOR = 4.4;(1.4–13.5)]), history of eye disease [AOR = 5.5;(2.3–13.0)] were associated with good knowledge. Similarly, longer duration of diabetes (13–25 years [AOR = 3.77; (1.05–13.5)]) and history of eye disease [AOR = 2.47; (1.09–5.62)] were associated with good eye check-up practice. Conclusion The proportion of good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Debark hospital was fair (47.4%) and good eye check-up practice (eye examination at least once in the past year) was low (39.6%). Longer duration of diabetes and history of eye disease were identified as positive factors for good knowledge and eye check-up practice. Knowledge and regular eye check-up practice needs to be enhanced through provision of appropriate health education. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12886-020-01730-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Sinshaw Assem
- Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahirdar City, Ethiopia
| | - Mebratu Mulusew Tegegne
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences and Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Destaye Shiferaw Alemu
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences and Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences and Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tsehay Kassa Tefera
- Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences and Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Hussen MS, Gebreselassie KL, Woredekal AT, Adimassu NF. Willingness to donate eyes and its associated factors among adults in Gondar town, North West Ethiopia. BMC Ophthalmol 2017; 17:178. [PMID: 28969612 PMCID: PMC5625743 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Ethiopia, there is a substantial mismatch between need and supply of corneal transplant. Although corneal transplantation service is affected by various factors, willingness to donate eyes is an essential indicator of its availability, accessibility, and acceptability. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude of willingness to donate eyes and its associated factors, which help to develop appropriate strategies that can address this undersupply and unmet need. Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 774 adults who were selected using multistage random sampling in Gondar town, North West, Ethiopia. The data were collected through interviews. Results In this survey, 774 adults with a median age of 30 ± 14.33 years participated. The proportion of willing to donate eyes was 37.6% [95% CI: 34.3%–41.3%]. It was positively associated with the religious belief of Christianity [AOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.08–2.75], having awareness about eye donation [AOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.01–1.92], educational level of high school [AOR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.72–4.90], and College/University [AOR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.28–3.87]. Conclusion The magnitude of willingness to donate eyes was moderate and positively associated with the higher educational level and awareness. It is, therefore, strategic to plan awareness creation programs to mobilize the community. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12886-017-0577-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Seid Hussen
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | | | - Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nebiyat Feleke Adimassu
- Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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