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Alhadrami HA, Sayed AM, Melebari SA, Khogeer AA, Abdulaal WH, Al-Fageeh MB, Algahtani M, Rateb ME. Targeting allosteric sites of human aromatase: a comprehensive in-silico and in-vitro workflow to find potential plant-based anti-breast cancer therapeutics. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1334-1345. [PMID: 34139914 PMCID: PMC8759730 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1937145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings suggested several allosteric pockets on human aromatase that could be utilised for the development of new modulators able to inhibit this enzyme in a new mechanism. Herein, we applied an integrated in-silico-based approach supported by in-vitro enzyme-based and cell-based validation assays to select the best leads able to target these allosteric binding sites from a small library of plant-derived natural products. Chrysin, apigenin, and resveratrol were found to be the best inhibitors targeting the enzyme’s substrate access channel and were able to produce a competitive inhibition with IC50 values ranged from 1.7 to 15.8 µM. Moreover, they showed a more potent antiproliferative effect against ER+ (MCF-7) than ER- one (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. On the other hand, both pomiferin and berberine were the best hits for the enzyme’s haem-proximal cavity producing a non-competitive inhibition (IC50 15.1 and 21.4 µM, respectively) and showed selective antiproliferative activity towards MCF-7 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani A Alhadrami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostic Lab, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostic Unit, The Regional Laboratory in Makkah, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Sami A Melebari
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, The Regional Laboratory in Makkah, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asem A Khogeer
- Plan and Research Department, General Directorate of Health Affairs, Makkah region, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam H Abdulaal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed B Al-Fageeh
- General Directorate for Funds and Grants (GDFG), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital Program, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa E Rateb
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
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