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Parray HA, Narayanan N, Garg S, Rizvi ZA, Shrivastava T, Kushwaha S, Singh J, Murugavelu P, Anantharaj A, Mehdi F, Raj N, Singh S, Dandotiya J, Lukose A, Jamwal D, Kumar S, Chiranjivi AK, Dhyani S, Mishra N, Kumar S, Jakhar K, Sonar S, Panchal AK, Tripathy MR, Chowdhury SR, Ahmed S, Samal S, Mani S, Bhattacharyya S, Das S, Sinha S, Luthra K, Batra G, Sehgal D, Medigeshi GR, Sharma C, Awasthi A, Garg PK, Nair DT, Kumar R. A broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody overcomes the mutational landscape of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010994. [PMID: 36508467 PMCID: PMC9779650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 necessitates unremitting efforts to discover novel therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Here, we report an extremely potent mAb named P4A2 that can neutralize all the circulating variants of concern (VOCs) with high efficiency, including the highly transmissible Omicron. The crystal structure of the P4A2 Fab:RBD complex revealed that the residues of the RBD that interact with P4A2 are a part of the ACE2-receptor-binding motif and are not mutated in any of the VOCs. The pan coronavirus pseudotyped neutralization assay confirmed that the P4A2 mAb is specific for SARS-CoV-2 and its VOCs. Passive administration of P4A2 to K18-hACE2 transgenic mice conferred protection, both prophylactically and therapeutically, against challenge with VOCs. Overall, our data shows that, the P4A2 mAb has immense therapeutic potential to neutralize the current circulating VOCs. Due to the overlap between the P4A2 epitope and ACE2 binding site on spike-RBD, P4A2 may also be highly effective against a number of future variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Ahmad Parray
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Naveen Narayanan
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sonal Garg
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Zaigham Abbas Rizvi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sachin Kushwaha
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Janmejay Singh
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Praveenkumar Murugavelu
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Anbalagan Anantharaj
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Farha Mehdi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Nisha Raj
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shivam Singh
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Jyotsna Dandotiya
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Asha Lukose
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Deepti Jamwal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Adarsh K. Chiranjivi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Samridhi Dhyani
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Nitesh Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamini Jakhar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sudipta Sonar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Panchal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Tripathy
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shirlie Roy Chowdhury
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shubbir Ahmed
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sweety Samal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Mani
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sankar Bhattacharyya
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Supratik Das
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Subrata Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalpana Luthra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Batra
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Devinder Sehgal
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Guruprasad R. Medigeshi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Chandresh Sharma
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Garg
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak T. Nair
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Garg S, Raj N, Lukose A, Jamwal D, Parray HA, Kumar S, Dhyani S, Jakhar K, Sonar S, Tiwari M, Reema, Mani S, Bhattacharyya S, Sharma C, Shrivastava T, Kumar R. Characterization of a broadly cross reactive tetravalent human monoclonal antibody, recognizing conformational epitopes in receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:202. [PMID: 35928502 PMCID: PMC9345016 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We used human semi-synthetic phage antibody gene libraries to select anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD scFv antibody fragment and subsequent characterization of this novel tetravalent monoclonal antibody targeting conformational epitopes in the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. Binding studies suggest that II62 tetravalent antibody cross-reacts with RBD protein of SARS-CoV2 and its different variants of concerns. The epitope mapping data reveals that II62 tetravalent antibody targets an epitope that does not directly interferes with RBD: ACE2 interaction. Neutralization studies with live authentic SARS-CoV2 virus suggests that increase in valency of II62 mAb from monovalent to tetravalent doesn’t perturbate virus interactions with the ACE2 expressing host cells in cytopathic effect-based (CPE) assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Garg
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Nisha Raj
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Asha Lukose
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Deepti Jamwal
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Hilal Ahmed Parray
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Samridhi Dhyani
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Kamini Jakhar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Sudipta Sonar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Mahima Tiwari
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Reema
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Shailendra Mani
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Sankar Bhattacharyya
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Chandresh Sharma
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India.,Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tripti Shrivastava
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO Box # 04, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India.,Institute of Advanced Virology, Bio 360 Life Science Park, Trivandrum, India
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Singh V, Garg S, Raj N, Lukose A, Jamwal D, Perween R, Dhyani S, Parray HA, Sharma C, Kumar R. Protocol for High Throughput Screening of Antibody Phage Libraries. Bio Protoc 2022; 12:e4450. [PMID: 35864902 PMCID: PMC9257838 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage display is a proven and widely used technology for selecting specific antibodies against desired targets. However, an immense amount of effort is required to identify and screen the desired positive clones from large and diverse combinatorial libraries. On the other hand, the selection of positive binding clones from synthetic and semi-synthetic libraries has an inherent bias toward clones with randomly produced amber stop codons, making it more difficult to identify desirable binding antibodies. To overcome the screening of desired clones with amber codons, we present a step-by-step approach for effective phage library screening to isolate useful antibodies. The procedure calls for creating a simple new vector system for soluble production of phage ELISA positive binding clones with one or more amber stop codons in their single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) gene sequences, which is otherwise difficult in standard screening. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanshika Singh
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Sonal Garg
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Nisha Raj
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Asha Lukose
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Deepti Jamwal
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Reshma Perween
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Samridhi Dhyani
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Hilal Ahamed Parray
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Chandresh Sharma
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana-121001, India,Institutes of Advanced Virology, Bio 360 Life Science Park, Trivandrum, Kerala,*For correspondence: ;
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Goncalves MD, Taylor S, Halpenny DF, Schwitzer E, Gandelman S, Jackson J, Lukose A, Plodkowski AJ, Tan KS, Dunphy M, Jones LW, Downey RJ. Imaging skeletal muscle volume, density, and FDG uptake before and after induction therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Radiol 2018; 73:505.e1-505.e8. [PMID: 29317048 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess whether changes in body composition could be assessed serially using conventional thoracic computed tomography (CT) and positron-emission tomography (PET)/CT imaging in patients receiving induction chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS CT-based skeletal muscle volume and density were measured retrospectively from thoracic and lumbar segment CT images from 88 patients with newly diagnosed and untreated NSCLC before and after induction chemotherapy. Skeletal muscle 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) uptake was measured from PET/CT images from a subset of patients (n=42). Comparisons of each metric before and after induction chemotherapy were conducted using the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired data. The association between clinical factors and percentage change in muscle volume was examined using univariate linear regression models, with adjustment for baseline muscle volume. RESULTS Following induction chemotherapy, thoracic (-3.3%, p=0.0005) and lumbar (-2.6%, p=0.0101) skeletal muscle volume were reduced (adiposity remained unchanged). The proportion of skeletal muscle with a density <0 HU increased (7.9%, p<0.0001), reflecting a decrease in skeletal muscle density and skeletal muscle FDG uptake increased (10.4-31%, p<0.05). No imaging biomarkers were correlated with overall survival. CONCLUSION Changes in body composition can be measured from routine thoracic imaging. During chemotherapy skeletal muscle volume and metabolism are altered; however, there was no impact on survival in this retrospective series, and further validation in prospective, well-controlled studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Goncalves
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S Taylor
- Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - D F Halpenny
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - E Schwitzer
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S Gandelman
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J Jackson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - A Lukose
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - A J Plodkowski
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - K S Tan
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Dunphy
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - L W Jones
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - R J Downey
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Venue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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John JP, Lukose A, Manjunath S. Off-label use of memantine as adjunctive treatment in schizophrenia: a retrospective case series study. Pharmacopsychiatry 2014; 47:202-9. [PMID: 25167200 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1385931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Memantine, an uncompetitive N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) open-channel blocker holds great promise for its potential clinical effectiveness as add-on therapy to on-going treatment with antipsychotics. METHODS We report here the results of a chart review-based retrospective case series study that examined the effectiveness of off-label use of memantine in patients with schizophrenia when used as adjunctive therapy to standard neuroleptic therapy. RESULTS 17 of the 26 patients, whose case files were reviewed using a study-specific proforma showed clinical improvement in positive and/or negative psychopathology as well as in cognitive and/or functional domains. The doses of on-going antipsychotic medications could be reduced in a sizeable number of responders. None of the subjects reported serious adverse events. DISCUSSION Memantine holds great promise as adjunctive therapy for treatment of schizophrenia. Randomized controlled trials, wherein memantine is administered at adequate doses for an adequate period of time to ongoing antipsychotic treatment are required to confirm its efficacy in alleviating symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P John
- Multimodal Brain Image Analysis Laboratory (MBIAL) NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - A Lukose
- Multimodal Brain Image Analysis Laboratory (MBIAL) NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - S Manjunath
- Multimodal Brain Image Analysis Laboratory (MBIAL) NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
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