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Bakshi A, Roy S, Mallick A, Ghosh K. A discrete magno-parvo additive model in early vision for explaining brightness perception in varying contrastive contexts. Biol Cybern 2022; 116:5-21. [PMID: 34635954 DOI: 10.1007/s00422-021-00896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A varying contrastive context filter (VCCF)-based model of brightness perception has been proposed. It is motivated first by a recently proposed difference of difference-of-Gaussian (DDOG) filter. Alongside, it is also inspired from the fact that the nature evolves various discrete systems and mechanisms to carry out many of its complex tasks. A weight factor, used for the linear combination of two filters representing the magnocellular and parvocellular channels in the central visual pathway, has been defined and termed as the factor of contrastive context (FOCC) in the present model. This is a binary variable that lends a property of discretization to the DDOG filter. By analyzing important brightness contrast as well as brightness assimilation illusions, we arrive at the minimal set of values (only two) for FOCC, using which one is able to successfully predict the direction of brightness shift in both situations of brightness contrast, claimed and categorized here as low contrastive context, and those of brightness assimilation, claimed and categorized here as high contrastive context perception, depending upon whether the initial M-channel-filtered stimulus is above or below a threshold of the contrastive context. As distinct from Michelson/Weber/RMS contrast, high or low, the contrastive context claimed is dependent on the edge information in the stimulus determined by the Laplacian operator, also used in the DDOG model. We compared the proposed model against the already well-established oriented difference-of-Gaussian (ODOG) model of brightness perception. Extensive simulations suggest that though for most illusions both ODOG and VCCF produce correct output, for certain intricate cases in which the ODOG filter fails to correctly predict the illusory effect, our proposed VCCF model continues to remain effective.
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Punatar S, Kandekar S, Khattry N, Gokarn A, Prabhash K, Bakshi A, Rane P, Mathew L, Chiplunkar S, Kode J. CD26 expression on donor harvest as a risk predictive biomarker for developing graft-versus-host disease post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A ten-year follow-up study. Cancer Biomark 2022; 33:17-28. [PMID: 34334382 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the preferred treatment option for patients with several hematologic disorders and immunodeficiency syndromes. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an immune mediated post-transplant complication which has a major impact on long-term transplant outcomes. OBJECTIVE Current efforts are focused on identification of new markers that serve as potential predictors of GVHD and other post-transplant clinical outcomes. METHODS This study includes donor harvests collected from twenty-three allogeneic donors during period 2008-2009 and respective transplant recipients followed for clinical outcomes till March 2019. Percent CD26+ and CD34+ cells in donor harvest were analyzed using flow cytometry. Percent expression and infused dose of CD26+ and CD34+ cells were evaluated for association with various clinical outcomes. RESULTS Total 23 healthy donors with median age of 28 years (13 males), and transplant recipients with median age of 24 years (17 males) formed the study cohort. The diagnosis included malignant (n= 13) and non-malignant (n= 10) hematological disorders. Median CD34brCD45lo HSC expression was 0.57% (IQR 0.24-1.03) while median CD26 expression was 19.64% (IQR 8.96-33.56) of all nucleated cells. CD26 expression was associated with donor age (P= 0.037). CD26 percent expression correlated with WBC engraftment (P= 0.015) and with acute GVHD (P= 0.023) whereas infused CD26 cell dose correlated with WBC engraftment (P= 0.004) and risk of CMV reactivation (P= 0.020). There was no statistically significant correlation of either CD26 expression or cell dose with chronic GVHD, EFS or OS. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a role of CD26 expression on human donor harvest as a potential predictor of acute GVHD. This association warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Punatar
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Shruti Kandekar
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Navin Khattry
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Anant Gokarn
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Bakshi
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Hiranandani Hospital, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Pallavi Rane
- Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Libin Mathew
- Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Shubhada Chiplunkar
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Jyoti Kode
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, India
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Al-Kaisey A, Wong G, Young P, Hawson J, Chieng D, Bakshi A, Lacaze P, Giannoulatou E, Kistler P, Fatkin D, Kalman J. Polygenic Risk Scores Identify Atrial Electrophysiological Substrate Abnormalities and Predict Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Following Catheter Ablation. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lacaze P, Polekhina G, Bakshi A, Riaz M, Owen A, Franks A, Wang Y, Abidi J, Tiller J, Orchard S, Mcneil J, Cicuttini F. OP0015 GENOMIC RISK SCORE FOR ADVANCED OSTEOARTHRITIS IN OLDER ADULTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability, with treatment options mostly limited to advanced disease when joint replacement is indicated. Recent genome-wide association analysis more than doubled the number of OA-associated variants identified (1, 2), extending the feasibility of identification of high-risk individuals.Objectives:Including these variants, we calculated polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and performed validation in a well-characterised population of older individuals.Methods:We calculated PRSs for knee and hip OA respectively, using joint replacement surgeries as markers of advanced disease in 12,724 older individuals of European descent in the ASPREE trial. We considered in-trial joint replacement (hospitalizations during median 4.7 years follow-up) and pre-trial joint replacement from self-reported medical history. Multivariable models examined the effect of PRS as a continuous variable (per standard deviation [SD]) and categorical variable (low-risk [0-20%], medium-risk [21-80%], high-risk [81-100%] groups), adjusting for age, sex and BMI.Results:Mean population age at baseline was 75 years and 54.9% of participants were female. In total, 1478 (11.6%) participants had knee replacements and 1324 (10.4%) had hip replacements. Female sex, higher BMI and age were associated with higher risk of knee and hip replacements. PRSs as continuous variables per SD were associated with knee (odds ratio [OR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.17) and hip (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.11-1.25) replacements. We found meaningfully different rates of knee or hip joint replacement occurring between low-, medium- and high-risk PRS groups. Participants in the high-risk PRS group, compared with the low, had a higher risk of knee replacements (OR=1.35, CI 1.12-1.62), and hip replacements (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.37-2.02). We found no interaction between PRS and sex, and no collinearity between PRS and BMI, suggesting PRS is an independent risk factor for OA.Conclusion:Joint-specific genomic risk scores predict advanced OA in older adults, independent of age, sex and BMI. Stronger associations are observed for hip versus knee OA. Our study provides some of the first evidence of potential clinical utility of genomic risk prediction for OA, which may help identify individuals who would benefit most from targeted clinical management and preventive intervention.References:[1]Tachmazidou I, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, et al. 2019. Identification of new therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis through genome-wide analyses of UK Biobank data. Nat Genet, 51, 230-236[2]Zengini E, Hatzikotoulas K, Tachmazidou I, et al. 2018. Genome-wide analyses using UK Biobank data provide insights into the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis. Nat Genet, 50, 549-558Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Mukherjee S, Agarwal M, Bakshi A, Sawant S, Thomas L, Fujii N, Nair P, Kode J. Chemokine SDF1 Mediated Bone Regeneration Using Biodegradable Poly(D,L-lactide- co-glycolide) 3D Scaffolds and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Implication for the Development of an "Off-the-Shelf" Pharmacologically Active Construct. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4888-4903. [PMID: 33136384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing need for bone substitutes for reconstructive orthopedic surgery following removal of bone tumors. Despite the advances in bone regeneration, the use of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) presents a significant challenge, particularly for the treatment of large bone defects in cancer patients. This study aims at developing new chemokine-based technology to generate biodegradable scaffolds that bind pharmacologically active proteins for regeneration/repair of target injured tissues in patients. Primary MSC were cultured from the uninvolved bone marrow (BM) of cancer patients and further characterized for "stemness". Their ability to differentiate into an osteogenic lineage was studied in 2D cultures as well as on 3D macroporous PLGA scaffolds incorporated with biomacromolecules bFGF and homing factor chemokine stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF1). MSC from the uninvolved BM of cancer patients exhibited properties similar to that reported for MSC from BM of healthy individuals. Macroporous PLGA discs were prepared and characterized for pore size, architecture, functional groups, thermostability, and cytocompatibility by ESEM, FTIR, DSC, and CCK-8 dye proliferation assay, respectively. It was observed that the MSC+PLGA+bFGF+SDF1 construct cultured for 14 days supported significant cell growth, osteo-lineage differentiation with increased osteocalcin expression, alkaline phosphatase secretion, calcium mineralization, bone volume, and soluble IL6 compared to unseeded PLGA and PLGA+MSC, as analyzed by confocal microscopy, biochemistry, ESEM, microCT imaging, flow cytometry, and EDS. Thus, chemotactic biomacromolecule SDF1-guided tissue repair/regeneration ability of MSC from cancer patients opens up the avenues for development of "off-the-shelf" pharmacologically active construct for optimal repair of the target injured tissue in postsurgery cancer patients, bone defects, damaged bladder tissue, and radiation-induced skin/mucosal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayanti Mukherjee
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton VIC Australia 3168
| | - Manish Agarwal
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, TMC, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Bakshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Hiranandani Hospital, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sharada Sawant
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Lynda Thomas
- Laboratory for Polymer Analysis, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Poojappura, Trivandrum, India
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Prabha Nair
- Laboratory for Polymer Analysis, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Poojappura, Trivandrum, India
| | - Jyoti Kode
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Abstract
The market for functional foods, fortified with added nutrients such as minerals, vitamins, micronutrients, antioxidants and fibers, is on the rise. In this review, we discuss the concept and nature of functional foods, the constituents or ingredients that are commonly used to fortify these foods, and the purpose of fortification. Finally, the review surveys consumers� attitudes toward functional foods and their importance to help their development and marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakshi
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - S Chhabra
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - R Kaur
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
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Bakshi A, Ghosh K. Tiny Squares at the Hermann Grid Corners Can Completely Remove the Illusion. Perception 2020; 49:232-239. [PMID: 31902280 DOI: 10.1177/0301006619897193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Bakshi
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Kuntal Ghosh
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India; Center for Soft Computing Research, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
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Bakshi A, Shafi R, Nelson J, Cantrell WC, Subhadarshani S, Andea A, Athar M, Elmets CA. The clinical course of actinic keratosis correlates with underlying molecular mechanisms. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:995-1002. [PMID: 31299087 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic keratoses (AKs) are common premalignant skin lesions triggered by excessive ultraviolet exposure. The majority of AKs regress or persist, but some progress to squamous cell carcinomas. Biomarkers associated with their persistence, progression and regression have not been characterized. OBJECTIVES We performed skin biopsies in patients with extensive actinic damage to identify biomarkers that correlate with clinical progression and regression of AKs. METHODS This was an observational study of a cohort of patients with extensive actinic damage. AKs were mapped on a clear plastic template in 26 patients at months 3, 6, 9 and 11. Biopsies were taken from randomly selected, predetermined AKs and were evaluated for p53, E-cadherin, Snail, Slug and Twist. The study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00027976. RESULTS p53 exhibited greater expression in clinically apparent AKs (histological score 2·89 ± 1·45) than in regressed AKs (0·75 ± 0·96); P < 0·01. There was also significantly less membrane E-cadherin, the lack of which is a marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in clinically apparent AKs (1·89 ± 1·81) than in sun-exposed skin (3·07 ± 1·75); P < 0·005. The E-cadherin transcription repressors Snail, Slug and Twist were increased in AKs compared with sun-exposed skin. A limitation of the study is that measurement of histological biomarkers was not a primary end point. In addition, patients were allowed to apply sunscreens. CONCLUSIONS At the molecular level, loss of E-cadherin and an increase in p53 are linked to the dynamic interplay between the persistence, progression and regression of AKs. What's already known about this topic? Actinic keratoses (AKs) are common dysplastic epidermal lesions that result from chronic and excessive ultraviolet exposure. Biomarkers associated with progression and regression of AK have not been characterized. What does this study add? Decreased E-cadherin and increased p53, Snail, Slug and Twist (E-cadherin transcription factors) were associated with progression from AK to nonmelanoma skin cancer. What is the translational message? Strategies targeting these molecules may be effective in reversing rising skin cancer rates. E-cadherin, p53, Snail, Slug and Twist are potential biomarkers that may be used to assess the efficacy of existing chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakshi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A.,Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A
| | - R Shafi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
| | - J Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
| | - W C Cantrell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
| | - S Subhadarshani
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
| | - A Andea
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - M Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
| | - C A Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A.,Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
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Heath RJ, Bakshi A, Sutton C, Stewart LC, Cohen SN. An 'airy hairy' problem. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 45:229-231. [PMID: 31140639 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R J Heath
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - A Bakshi
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - C Sutton
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - L C Stewart
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - S N Cohen
- Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
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Bakshi A, Moin M, Madhav MS, Kirti PB. Target of rapamycin, a master regulator of multiple signalling pathways and a potential candidate gene for crop improvement. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2019; 21:190-205. [PMID: 30411830 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The target of rapamycin (TOR) protein regulates growth and development in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic eukaryotes. Although the TOR regulatory networks are involved in nutrient and energy signalling, and transcriptional and translational control of multiple signalling pathways, the molecular mechanism of TOR regulation of plant abiotic stress responses is still unclear. The TOR-mediated transcriptional regulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RP) is a necessity under stress conditions for balanced growth and productivity in plants. The activation of SnRKs (sucrose non-fermenting-related kinases) and the inactivation of TOR signalling in abiotic stresses is in line with the accumulation of ABA and transcriptional activation of stress responsive genes. Autophagy is induced under abiotic stress conditions, which results in degradation of proteins and the release of amino acids, which might possibly induce phosphorylation of TOR and, hence, its activation. TOR signalling also has a role in regulating ABA biosynthesis for transcriptional regulation of stress-related genes. The switch between activation and inactivation of TOR by its phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation maintains balanced growth in response to stresses. In the present review, we discuss the important signalling pathways that are regulated by TOR and try to assess the relationship between TOR signalling and tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants. The review also discusses possible cross-talk between TOR and RP genes in response to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakshi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Moin
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - M S Madhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - P B Kirti
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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Buchheit K, Altantzis C, Bakshi A, Jordan T, Van Essendelft D. The BubbleTree toolset: CFD-integrated algorithm for Lagrangian tracking and rigorous statistical analysis of bubble motion and gas fluxes for application to 3D fluidized bed simulations. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bakshi A, Altantzis C, Bershanska A, Stark A, Ghoniem A. On the limitations of 2D CFD for thin-rectangular fluidized bed simulations. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bakshi A, Ghosh K. A parsimonious model of brightness induction. Biol Cybern 2018; 112:237-251. [PMID: 29354875 DOI: 10.1007/s00422-018-0747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a parsimonious model of brightness induction which can account for various brightness illusions of both brightness-contrast and brightness-assimilation types. Our model is based on a difference of difference-of-Gaussian filter and a two-pass model of attentive vision based on the parallel channels in the central visual pathway. It overcomes some of the problems that could not be addressed by the well-known oriented difference of Gaussian model like those associated with Mach band and checkerboard illusions. This model attempts to provide insight to the mechanism of attention in brightness perception through the two major complimentary visual channels, viz. the magnocellular and the parvocellular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Bakshi
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata, 700108, India.
| | - Kuntal Ghosh
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata, 700108, India
- Center for Soft Computing Research, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata, 700108, India
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Bakshi A, Panigrahi A. A comprehensive review on chromium induced alterations in fresh water fishes. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:440-447. [PMID: 29854615 PMCID: PMC5977408 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromium is considered as one of the most common ubiquitous pollutants in the aquatic environment, but the pure metallic form is absent naturally. There are three oxidation states in case of Chromium viz., Cr (II), Cr (III), Cr (VI). Among which Cr (II) is most unstable. Cr (III) and Cr (VI) are the stable oxidation state of Chromium in the environment. Being one of the commonly used metals Chromium and its particulates enter the aquatic medium through effluents discharged from different industries like textiles, tanneries, electroplating workshops, ore mining, dyeing, printing-photographic and medical industries. Among these, hexavalent chromium is considered as the most toxic form because it readily passes cellular membranes and then reduced to trivalent form. This trivalent chromium combines with several macromolecules including genetic material inside the cytosol, and is ultimately exposes the toxic and mutagenic alterations due of chromium toxicity. Chromium is taken up either through gastrointestinal tract or respiratory tract. The amount varies depending upon the medium and the form of chromium. In this review, an attempt has been made to accumulate the mammoth available data regarding impact of chromium on fresh water fishes into a systematic representation. The main objective of the review is to provide a future guideline for the scientific community and public officials involved in health risk assessment and management ensuring a better environmental condition for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bakshi
- Ecotoxicology, Fisheries and Aquaculture Extension Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - A.K. Panigrahi
- Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
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Kode J, Khattry N, Bakshi A, Amrutkar V, Bagal B, Karandikar R, Rane P, Fujii N, Chiplunkar S. Study of stem cell homing & self-renewal marker gene profile of ex vivo expanded human CD34 + cells manipulated with a mixture of cytokines & stromal cell-derived factor 1. Indian J Med Res 2017; 146:56-70. [PMID: 29168461 PMCID: PMC5719609 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1319_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Next generation transplantation medicine aims to develop stimulating cocktail for increased ex vivo expansion of primitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). The present study was done to evaluate the cocktail GF (Thrombopoietin + Stem Cell factor + Flt3-ligand) and homing-defining molecule Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) for HSPC ex vivo expansion. METHODS Peripheral blood stem cell (n=74) harvests were analysed for CD34hiCD45lo HSPC. Immunomagnetically enriched HSPC were cultured for eight days and assessed for increase in HSPC, colony forming potential in vitro and in vivo engrafting potential by analyzing human CD45+ cells. Expression profile of genes for homing and stemness were studied using microarray analysis. Expression of adhesion/homing markers were validated by flow cytometry/ confocal microscopy. RESULTS CD34hiCD45lo HSPC expansion cultures with GF+SDF1 demonstrated increased nucleated cells (n=28, P+ cells (n=8, P=0.021) and increased colony forming units (cfu) compared to unstimulated and GF-stimulated HSPC. NOD-SCID mice transplanted with GF+SDF1-HSPC exhibited successful homing/engraftment (n=24, PInterpretation & conclusions: Cocktail of cytokines and SDF1 showed good potential to successfully expand HSPC which exhibited enhanced ability to generate multilineage cells in short-term and long-term repopulation assay. This cocktail-mediated stem cell expansion has potential to obviate the need for longer and large volume apheresis procedure making it convenient for donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kode
- Chiplunkar Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Dr. LH Hiranandani Hospital, Mumbai, India
- Reprint requests: Dr. Jyoti Kode, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Chiplunkar Laboratory, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India e-mail:
| | - Navin Khattry
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Bakshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. LH Hiranandani Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Vasanti Amrutkar
- Chiplunkar Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Bhausaheb Bagal
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Rohini Karandikar
- Chiplunkar Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Pallavi Rane
- Clinical Trial Unit, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shubhada Chiplunkar
- Chiplunkar Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Dr. LH Hiranandani Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Bakshi A, Altantzis C, Glicksman L, Ghoniem A. Gas-flow distribution in bubbling fluidized beds: CFD-based analysis and impact of operating conditions. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wong JLC, Bakshi A, Stewart LC, Al-Sharqi A. Chronic inflammatory acantholytic dermatosis: a previously under-recognized or emerging variant of Grover disease. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017. [PMID: 28636090 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J L C Wong
- Dermatology Department, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Kent Lodge, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, L14 3LB, UK
| | - A Bakshi
- Histopathology Department, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Kent Lodge, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, L14 3LB, UK
| | - L C Stewart
- Dermatology Department, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Kent Lodge, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, L14 3LB, UK
| | - A Al-Sharqi
- Dermatology Department, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Kent Lodge, Thomas Drive, Liverpool, L14 3LB, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bakshi
- Dept. of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Ave.Cambridge MA02139
| | - A. F. Ghoniem
- Dept. of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Ave.Cambridge MA02139
| | - C. Altantzis
- Dept. of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Ave.Cambridge MA02139
- National Energy Technology LaboratoryMorgantown WV26507
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Kummali A, Cyriac S, Deepa S, Bakshi A. EP-1518: Various activation foils for photo neutron measurements in medical linac. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gutte R, Madke B, Bakshi A. A case of pediatric cutaneous mastocytosis successfully treated with imatinib mesylate. Indian J Drugs Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/ijdd.ijdd_16_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Jayasekera
- Department of dermatology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Bakshi
- Department of histopathology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Al-Sharqi
- Department of dermatology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Bakshi A, Roy S, Mallick A, Ghosh K. Limitations of the Oriented Difference of Gaussian Filter in Special Cases of Brightness Perception Illusions. Perception 2015; 45:328-36. [PMID: 26562859 DOI: 10.1177/0301006615602621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Oriented Difference of Gaussian (ODOG) filter of Blakeslee and McCourt has been successfully employed to explain several brightness perception illusions which include illusions of both brightness-contrast type, for example, Simultaneous Brightness Contrast and Grating Induction and the brightness-assimilation type, for example, the White effect and the shifted White effect. Here, we demonstrate some limitations of the ODOG filter in predicting perceived brightness by comparing the ODOG responses to various stimuli (generated by varying two parameters, namely, test patch length and spatial frequency) with experimental observations of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Bakshi
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
| | - Sourya Roy
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata
| | - Arijit Mallick
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata
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Tandon N, Banavali S, Menon H, Gujral S, Kadam PA, Bakshi A. Is there a role for metronomic induction (and maintenance) therapy in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia? A literature review. Indian J Cancer 2015; 50:154-8. [PMID: 23979209 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.117033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in older adults differs biologically and clinically from that in younger patients and is characterized by adverse chromosomal abnormalities, stronger intrinsic resistance, and lower tolerance to chemotherapy. In patients over age 60 with AML, cure rates are under 10% despite intensive chemotherapy, and most of them die within a year of diagnosis. Over the last decade, metronomic chemotherapy has emerged as a potential strategy to control advanced/refractory cancer. Here, we report a case of a 68-year-old gentleman having AML with high-risk cytogenetic features, who achieved complete remission on our oral metronomic PrET (PrET: Prednisolone, etoposide, thioguanine) protocol on an outpatient basis. He was later treated with standard high-dose (HD) cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) consolidation followed by maintenance with etoposide, thioguanine, and sodium valproate. Presently, the patient is nearly 35 months since diagnosis and 21 months off treatment. This case report and review highlights that the combination of oral low-intensity metronomic therapy, followed by standard HD consolidation therapy and metronomic maintenance therapy may be well tolerated by elderly patients especially with less proliferative, high (cytogenetic)-risk AML who are otherwise deemed to be unfit for intensive intravenous induction chemotherapy regimens. References for this review were identified through searches of Pubmed for recent publications on the subject as well as searches of the files of the authors themselves. The final list was generated on the basis of originality and relevance to this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tandon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Bakshi A, Altantzis C, Ghoniem A. Towards accurate three-dimensional simulation of dense multi-phase flows using cylindrical coordinates. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Prasad N, Bakshi A, Deshmukh C, Hingmire S, Ranade A, Parikh P. Importance of dose intensity in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in the elderly. South Asian J Cancer 2014; 1:9-15. [PMID: 24455502 PMCID: PMC3876597 DOI: 10.4103/2278-330x.96494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining appropriate dose intensity is important not only in the curative setting but also in treatment with palliative intent. We evaluated the outcome of advanced non small cell lung cancer treated with doublet platinum based chemotherapy. Outcome was compared between patients treated by medical oncologists at a tertiary cancer center and those treated by non medical oncologists in the community. The dose intensity, overall response rate and overall survival was significantly better when patients were treated by trained qualified and experienced medical oncologists. Hence, even in the palliative setting, cancer directed systemic therapy will yield maximum benefit for the patients when treated by medical oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Prasad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kiran Majumdar Shah Cancer Center, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Purvish Parikh
- Director of Clinical Research, BSES GH Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Ramalingam S, Crawford J, Chang A, Manegold C, Perez-Soler R, Douillard JY, Thatcher N, Barlesi F, Owonikoko T, Wang Y, Pultar P, Zhu J, Malik R, Giaccone G, Della-Fiorentina S, Begbie S, Jennens R, Dass J, Pittman K, Ivanova N, Koynova T, Petrov P, Tomova A, Tzekova V, Couture F, Hirsh V, Burkes R, Sangha R, Ambrus M, Janaskova T, Musil J, Novotny J, Zatloukal P, Jakesova J, Klenha K, Roubec J, Vanasek J, Fayette J, Barlesi F, Bennouna-Louridi J, Chouaid C, Mazières J, Vallerand H, Robinet G, Souquet PJ, Spaeth D, Schott R, Lena H, Martinet Y, El Kouri C, Baize N, Scherpereel A, Molinier O, Fuchs F, Josten K, Manegold C, Marschner N, Schneller F, Overbeck T, Thomas M, von Pawel J, Reck M, Schuette W, Hagen V, Schneider CP, Georgoulias V, Varthalitis I, Zarogoulidis K, Syrigos K, Papandreou C, Bocskei C, Csanky E, Juhasz E, Losonczy G, Mark Z, Molnar I, Papai-Szekely Z, Tehenes S, Vinkler I, Almel S, Bakshi A, Bondarde S, Maru A, Pathak A, Pedapenki R, Prasad K, Prasad S, Kilara N, Gorijavolu D, Deshmukh C, John S, Sharma L, Amoroso D, Bajetta E, Bidoli P, Bonetti A, De Marinis F, Maio M, Passalacqua R, Cascinu S, Bearz A, Bitina M, Brize A, Purkalne G, Skrodele M, Baba A, Ratnavelu K, Saw M, Samson-Fernando M, Ladrera G, Jassem J, Koralewski P, Serwatowski P, Krzakowski M, Cebotaru C, Filip D, Ganea-Motan D, Ianuli C, Manolescu I, Udrea A, Burdaeva O, Byakhov M, Filippov A, Lazarev S, Mosin I, Orlov S, Udovitsa D, Khorinko A, Protsenko S, Chang A, Lim H, Tan Y, Tan E, Bastus Piulats R, Garcia-Foncillas J, Valdivia J, de Castro J, Domine Gomez M, Kim S, Lee JS, Kim H, Lee J, Shin S, Kim DW, Kim YC, Park K, Chang CS, Chang GC, Goan YG, Su WC, Tsai CM, Kuo HP, Benekli M, Demir G, Gokmen E, Sevinc A, Crawford J, Giaccone G, Haigentz M, Owonikoko T, Agarwal M, Pandit S, Araujo R, Vrindavanam N, Bonomi P, Berg A, Wade J, Bloom R, Amin B, Camidge R, Hill D, Rarick M, Flynn P, Klein L, Lo Russo K, Neubauer M, Richards P, Ruxer R, Savin M, Weckstein D, Rosenberg R, Whittaker T, Richards D, Berry W, Ottensmeier C, Dangoor A, Steele N, Summers Y, Rankin E, Rowley K, Giridharan S, Kristeleit H, Humber C, Taylor P. Talactoferrin alfa versus placebo in patients with refractory advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (FORTIS-M trial). Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2875-80. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ranade AA, Bapsy PP, Nag S, Raghunadharao D, Raina V, Advani SH, Patil S, Maru A, Gangadharan VP, Goswami C, Sekhon JS, Sambasivaiah K, Parikh P, Bakshi A, Mohapatra R. A multicenter phase II randomized study of Cremophor-free polymeric nanoparticle formulation of paclitaxel in women with locally advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer after failure of anthracycline. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2013; 9:176-81. [PMID: 23176568 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Paclitaxel is extensively used in the treatment of advanced carcinomas of the breast, ovary and non-small cell lung cancer. In clinical use it is formulated in the non-ionic surfactant polyethoxylated castor oil (Cremophor) and dehydrated alcohol to enhance drug solubility. Cremophor adds to toxic effects of paclitaxel by producing or contributing to the well-described hypersensitivity reactions that commonly occur during its infusion, affecting a large number of patients. This randomized trial was conducted to evaluate efficacy and safety of novel nanoparticle-based paclitaxel in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer. METHOD Patients were randomized to receive either nanoparticle paclitaxel (NP) 300 mg/m(2) , (NP300) or NP220 mg/m(2) or Cremophor paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) (CP 175). NP was administered as a 1-h infusion without premedication and CP as a 3-h infusion with premedication every 3 weeks. RESULTS In total, 194 patients who had been administered at least one dose were included for safety analysis and 170 patients who completed at least two cycles of therapy were analyzed for efficacy. NP showed an overall response rate (complete response + partial response) of 40% in the NP220 and NP300 arms as compared to 31% in the CP arm. The incidence of neutropenia (all grades) was lowest in the NP220 arm (39.4%) compared to the NP300 (55%) and CP arm (50%). CONCLUSION NP is well tolerated and can be safely administered without any premedication in comparison to conventional paclitaxel, which requires the use of premedication before administration. NP demonstrates promising efficacy with a favorable safety profile.
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Gupta S, Bharath R, Shet T, Desai S, Patil V, Bakshi A, Parmar V, Badwe R. Single Agent Weekly Paclitaxel as Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: A Feasibility Study. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2012; 24:604-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ceccarelli A, Jackson JS, Tauhid S, Arora A, Gorky J, Dell'Oglio E, Bakshi A, Chitnis T, Khoury SJ, Weiner HL, Guttmann CRG, Bakshi R, Neema M. The impact of lesion in-painting and registration methods on voxel-based morphometry in detecting regional cerebral gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:1579-85. [PMID: 22460341 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE VBM has been widely used to study GM atrophy in MS. MS lesions lead to segmentation and registration errors that may affect the reliability of VBM results. Improved segmentation and registration have been demonstrated by WM LI before segmentation. DARTEL appears to improve registration versus the USM. Our aim was to compare the performance of VBM-DARTEL versus VBM-USM and the effect of LI in the regional analysis of GM atrophy in MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3T T1 MR imaging scans were acquired from 26 patients with RRMS and 28 age-matched NC. LI replaced WM lesions with normal-appearing WM intensities before image segmentation. VBM analysis was performed in SPM8 by using DARTEL and USM with and without LI, allowing the comparison of 4 VBM methods (DARTEL + LI, DARTEL - LI, USM + LI, and USM - LI). Accuracy of VBM was assessed by using NMI, CC, and a simulation analysis. RESULTS Overall, DARTEL + LI yielded the most accurate GM maps among the 4 methods (highest NMI and CC, P < .001). DARTEL + LI showed significant GM loss in the bilateral thalami and caudate nuclei in patients with RRMS versus NC. The other 3 methods overestimated the number of regions of GM loss in RRMS versus NC. LI improved the accuracy of both VBM methods. Simulated data suggested the accuracy of the results provided from patient MR imaging analysis. CONCLUSIONS We introduce a pipeline that shows promise in limiting segmentation and registration errors in VBM analysis in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ceccarelli
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Laboratory for Neuroimaging Research, Partners MS Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02445, USA
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Bakshi A, Ghosh K. Some insights into why the perception of Mach bands is strong for luminance ramps and weak or vanishing for luminance steps. Perception 2012; 41:1403-8. [PMID: 23513626 DOI: 10.1068/p7358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we present some demonstrations concerning the width of Mach bands and henceforth hypothesize certain relations. We show that it is the variation in width of Mach bands in relation to luminance gradients which is responsible for Mach bands being strong for luminance ramps and weak or vanishing for luminance steps. We present the results of the experiments carried out by us using some of these demonstrations to provide support for our claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Bakshi
- Machine Intelligence Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 BT Road, Kolkata-108, India
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W Minz R, Bakshi A, Chhabra S, Joshi K, Sakhuja V. Role of myofibroblasts and collagen type IV in patients of IgA nephropathy as markers of renal dysfunction. Indian J Nephrol 2011; 20:34-9. [PMID: 20535269 PMCID: PMC2878409 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.62098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the role of a-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and collagen type IV as markers of chronicity in renal biopsies of IgA nephropathy patients and to correlate the degree of their interstitial expression with renal function as judged by serum creatinine. Renal biopsies from 29 clinically, histologically and immunologically confirmed cases of IgA nephropathy were reviewed to assess activity and chronicity indices. Immunohistochemical stains for α-SMA and collagen type IV was performed on 23 patients with adequate tissue available in the block. The interstitial expression of α-SMA and collagen type IV was then correlated with chronicity and activity indices, serum creatinine and 24 hours urinary protein. Pearson's coefficient of correlation, unpaired-t test were used for statistical analysis. α-SMA and collagen type IV were shown to be expressed in the interstitium in all 22 cases showing interstitital fibrosis. Both showed a similar distribution pattern with predominant periglomerular and peritubular positivity. The cases were divided into two groups (low and high grade) depending on the percentage of interstitial area showing positivity for these two antibodies. On statistical analysis, the expression of both a-smooth muscle actin and collagen type IV showed a striking correlation with the histological chronicity index (P<0.01). A positive correlation was also noted with the serum creatinine at the time of diagnosis. It is seen that an immunohistochemical approach to grading interstitial fibrosis as in this study is far simpler than the histological grading systems prevalent and is an important baseline prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Minz
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Bakshi A, Bajaj A, Malhotra G, Madan M, Amrutiya N. A novel metered dose transdermal spray formulation for oxybutynin. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:733-9. [PMID: 21369433 PMCID: PMC3040866 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.49094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to develop a metered dose spray formulation for transdermal delivery of oxybutynin and to carry out the in vitro characterization of the optimized formulation. Oxybutynin release from a series of ethanol/acetone/methylal based formulations was assessed in vitro and the developed formulation was used for delivery from a metered dose spray. Various qualitative and quantitative parameters like spray pattern, particle size distribution, pH, evaporation time, pump seal efficiency test, average weight per metered dose, content per spray and content uniformity were evaluated. The different film forming agents were assessed and carbopol (0.5%) and lutrol (0.1%) were found to give good clarity of solution, evaporation rate, spray pattern and tackiness of the film. Diffusion studies of the optimized formulations through the semipermeable membrane showed the release of drug to the extent of almost 50% over a period of 24 h. Stability studies were conducted as per ICH guidelines and indicated that formulations were stable. Skin irritation studies were performed using rabbit as an animal model. The results obtained show that the metered dose transdermal spray formulation can be a promising and innovative therapeutic system for the transdermal administration of oxybutynin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakshi
- C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy, SNDT Women's University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai-400 049, India
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Laskar S, Nair C, Mallik S, Bahl G, Pai S, Shet T, Gupta T, Arora B, Bakshi A, Pramesh CS, Mistry R, Qureshi S, Medhi S, Jambhekar N, Kurkure P, Banavali S, Muckaden MA. Prognostic factors and outcome in Askin-Rosai tumor: a review of 104 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 79:202-7. [PMID: 20399028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prognostic factors and treatment outcome of patients with Askin-Rosai tumor of the chest wall treated at a single institution. METHODS AND MATERIALS Treatment comprised multiagent chemotherapy and local therapy, which was either in the form of surgery alone, radical external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) alone, or a combination of surgery and EBRT. Thirty-two patients (40%) were treated with all three modalities, 21 (27%) received chemotherapy and radical EBRT, and 19 (24%) underwent chemotherapy followed by surgery only. RESULTS One hundred four consecutive patients aged 3-60 years were treated at the Tata Memorial Hospital from January 1995 to October 2003. Most (70%) were male (male/female ratio, 2.3:1). Asymptomatic swelling (43%) was the most common presenting symptom, and 25% of patients presented with distant metastasis. After a median follow-up of 28 months, local control, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates were 67%, 36%, and 45%, respectively. Median time to relapse was 25 months, and the median survival was 76 months. Multivariate analysis revealed age ≥18 years, poor response to induction chemotherapy, and presence of pleural effusion as indicators of inferior survival. Fifty-six percent of patients with metastatic disease at presentation died within 1 month of diagnosis, with 6-month and 5-year actuarial survival of 14% and 4%, respectively. CONCLUSION Primary tumor size, pleural effusion, response to chemotherapy, and optimal radiotherapy were important prognostic factors influencing outcome. The combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy resulted in optimal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
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Prabhash K, Khattry N, Bakshi A, Karandikar R, Joshi A, Kannan S, Sastry PSRK, Parikh P, Kode JA. CD26 expression in donor stem cell harvest and its correlation with engraftment in human haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: potential predictor of early engraftment. Ann Oncol 2010; 21:582-588. [PMID: 19759183 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdp342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficiency of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is important when donor cell numbers are limiting. Stable white blood cell (WBC) and platelet engraftment is crucial for the outcome of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). DESIGN This article evaluates CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-IV expression on mobilised peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) harvest of donors and its correlation with engraftment in HSCT. We have analysed CD26 expression on cells in various gates, that is, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and all populations using flow cytometry tool. RESULTS Ours is the first study on human mobilised PBSC harvest from cancer patients or allogeneic related donors (n = 28) to demonstrate that increased CD26 expression leads to early engraftment in transplanted cancer patients. Correlation of CD26 expression with WBC engraftment was statistically significant (lymphocyte gate: P < 0.00001; monocyte gate: P < 0.00001; neutrophil gate: P < 0.00001; all populations: P < 0.00001). CD34 expression is a known predictor of engraftment. Nevertheless, there was no correlation between CD34 and CD26 expression in these cases. CONCLUSIONS This study has given important leads indicating that CD26 expression may be an independent predictor of engraftment. Further study with large number of patients as well as study on circulatory CD26 may add valuable information towards improving current knowledge on CD26.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Prabhash
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Oncology
| | - N Khattry
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Oncology
| | - A Bakshi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Oncology
| | | | - A Joshi
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Oncology
| | - S Kannan
- Epidemiology and Clinical Transfer Unit, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - P S R K Sastry
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Oncology
| | - P Parikh
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Oncology
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Laskar S, Muckaden MA, Bahl G, de S, Nair R, Gupta S, Bakshi A, Prabhash K, Maru D, Gujral S, Parikh P, Shrivastava SK, Dinshaw KA. Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasopharynx: Prognostic factors and outcome of 113 Indian patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 47:2132-9. [PMID: 17071487 DOI: 10.1080/10428190600733531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This single institutional study evaluated the prognostic factors and treatment outcome of 113 Indian patients with primary nasopharyngeal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. At presentation, 28% had stage I and 62% had stage II disease. Treatment comprised of a combination of chemotherapy (CTh) and radiotherapy (RT) in the majority of the patients (76%). After a median follow-up of 56 months, the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for the whole group were 55.8% and 57.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that; age > 30 years [hazard ratio (HR) = 6.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.59 - 16.7, P < 0.0001], WHO performance score > or = 2 (HR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.01 - 5.46, P = 0.050), T-cell lymphomas (HR = 2.81, 95% CI = 1.14 - 6.96, P < 0.001) and the presence of B symptoms (HR = 3.65, 95% CI = 1.77 - 7.53, P = 0.025), had a negative influence on survival. Patients treated with a combination of CTh and RT had a significantly better outcome than those treated with CTh alone (OS: 69%vs. 31%, P < 0.00001). HR for death in the CTh alone group was 3.73 (95% CI = 1.95 - 7.13). The CR (P = 0.01), DFS (P = 0.01) and OS (P = 0.03) rates were significantly better for patients receiving a RT dose of > or =4500 cGy. HR in the subgroup that received a RT dose of <4500 cGy was 2.51 (95% CI = 1.04 - 6.06). These results suggest that combined modality treatment, comprising of CTh and RT (with an RT dose of > or =4500 cGy), results in satisfactory outcome in patients with this rare neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
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Prabhash K, Vikram GS, Nair R, Sengar M, Gujral S, Bakshi A, Gupta S, Parikh PM. Fludarabine in lymphoproliferative malignancies: a single-centre experience. Natl Med J India 2008; 21:171-174. [PMID: 19267037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fludarabine has been reported to be an effective drug for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and indolent lymphomas. However, its safety and efficacy in Indian patients has not been studied. We retrospectively analysed our experience with fludarabine in low grade lymphomas and CLL. METHODS The records of all patients with low grade lymphoma or CLL who received fludarabine between April 1999 and November 2006 were analysed. Response evaluation was done as per the National Cancer Institute-Working Group guidelines for CLL and International Workshop criteria for non-Hodgkin lymphomas, respectively, in those patients who received at least 3 cycles of fludarabine. Toxicity was graded as per the common terminology criteria for adverse events, version 3.0. Median event-free survival was obtained using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS Forty-seven patients were included in the study and 189 cycles were administered (median: 4 cycles per patient). Sixteen patients had a treatment delay, 14 due to myelosuppression. Twenty-five patients had low grade lymphoma and 22 had CLL. The response was evaluable in 22 patients with low grade lymphoma and 20 with CLL. The overall response rate for CLL was 100% in those treated upfront (n=9) and 55% in those with relapsed disease (n=11). The overall response rate for low grade lymphoma was 88% (63% complete remission) in untreated patients and 79% (43% complete remission) in those with relapsed disease. Common adverse events were myelosuppression and infection. Two patients died of sepsis and 4 due to disease progression on treatment. Median event-free survival for patients treated upfront with fludarabine was 31.4 months. CONCLUSION In our patient population, response to fludarabine is similar to that in the published literature. Our patients had a higher frequency of haematological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Dr Ernest Borges Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India
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Hingmire SS, Biswas G, Bakshi A, Desai S, Dighe S, Nair R, Gupta S, Parikh PM. Cytomegalovirus oesophagitis in a patient with Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008; 26:79-80. [PMID: 18227606 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.38866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is frequent in immunocompromised patients, especially in AIDS, organ transplantation and rarely in Hodgkin's disease and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We present a case of NHL with CMV oesophagitis, which has rarely been documented in literature. Apart from fungal and herpes simplex infections, as the common differential diagnosis for oesophagitis in patients of lymphoma, CMV should be considered an important etiologic agent. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of CMV oesophagitis with gancyclovir can avert significant morbidity and avoid unacceptable treatment delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Hingmire
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai - 400 012, Maharashtra, India.
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Hingmire SS, Biswas G, Bakshi A, Desai S, Dighe S, Nair, Gupta S, Parikh PM. CYTOMEGALOVIRUS OESOPHAGITIS IN A PATIENT WITH NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02000-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nair R, Hingmire S, Hingmire S, Bakshi A, Gujaral S, Badwe R. Multiple myeloma mimicking bone metastasis in a patient of carcinoma breast. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-5851.51446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bahl G, Laskar S, Muckaden MA, Nair R, Gupta S, Bakshi A, Gujral S, Parikh PM, Shrivastava SK, Dinshaw KA. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the Waldeyer's ring: Is a higher radiotherapy dose required? J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8067 Background: To evaluate the prognostic factors and treatment outcome of Indian patients with primary Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL) of the Waldeyer's Ring (WR) region treated at a single institute. Methods: 269 patients with NHL of the WR treated at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai from January 1990 to December 2002 were included. The median age was 45 years and majority of the patients (67%) were males. Systemic symptoms were present in only 16% of patients, primary site was the tonsil in 58%, nasopharynx in 42% and base tongue in 5% of patients. Majority had Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (85%); 26% patients presented with stage I disease and 66% had stage II disease. Treatment comprised of a combination of chemotherapy (CTh) and radiotherapy (RT) in majority of the patients (71%). Among these patients, 63% received an RT dose of =45Gy. Results: The complete response rate was 68%. After a median follow-up of 57 months, the 5 year DFS & OS for the whole group were 62.2% and 70.1% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that; age >30 years (HR=4.05, 95%CI=1.53–10.7, p=0.005), WHO performance score =2 (HR=2.36, 95%CI=1.12–4.95, p=0.023), T-cell lymphomas (HR=5.55, 95%CI=2.43–12.7, p<0.001), bulky tumors (HR=2.08, 95%CI=1.02–4.257, p=0.045), and nasopharyngeal primary (HR=3.26, 95%CI=1.51–7.02, p=0.003), had a negative influence on survival. Patients treated with a combination of CTh & RT had a significantly better outcome than those treated with CTh alone (OS: 78.9% vs. 48.1%, p<0.00001). The hazard ratio for death (HR) in the chemotherapy alone group was 3.50 (95% CI=2.17–5.65). The CR (p=0.01), DFS (p<0.0001) and OS (p=0.002) rates were significantly better for patients receiving a RT dose of =45Gy. The HR in the subgroup that received a RT dose of < 45Gy was 5.09 (95% CI=2.39–10.86). Conclusions: Age at diagnosis, WHO performance score, T-cell histological type, size and site of the tumor significantly influence outcome in patients with primary NHL of the Waldeyer's Ring. Combined modality treatment, comprising of CTh & RT (with an RT dose of =45Gy), results in satisfactory outcome in patients with this rare neoplasm. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Bahl
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S. Laskar
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - R. Nair
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S. Gupta
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - A. Bakshi
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S. Gujral
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Nair R, Prabhash K, Sengar M, Bakshi A, Gujral S, Gupta S, Parikh P. The effect of short-term intensive chemotherapy on reactivation of tuberculosis. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:1243-5. [PMID: 17434895 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various malignancies and cytotoxic chemotherapy have been proposed to increase the risk of reactivation of tuberculosis. Available literature to support this observation is still conflicting. There is scarcity of data from countries with rampant tubercular infection, such as India, in this regard. DESIGN AND METHODS In the present retrospective analysis, patients with high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with past history of tuberculosis and have had adequate antitubercular therapy were identified from a Lymphoma Group study. These patients were followed up during cytotoxic chemotherapy and later to assess the risk of reactivation. RESULTS A cohort of eight patients with past history of tuberculosis was selected from 141 patients of high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The median age was 33.5 years (range, 24-53 years). Median duration between completion of antitubercular treatment and diagnosis of lymphoma was 5 years (range, 1.5-10 years). All patients received cyclical cytotoxic chemotherapy. The median duration of follow up after completion of chemotherapy was 5 years (range, 10 months to 5 years). None of these patients developed reactivation of tuberculosis. CONCLUSION Cyclical chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma does not lead to reactivation of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nair
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Laskar S, Bahl G, Muckaden MA, Nair R, Gupta S, Bakshi A, Gujral S, Shet T, Shrivastava SK, Dinshaw KA. Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the tonsil. Cancer 2007; 110:816-23. [PMID: 17582622 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose was to evaluate the prognostic factors and treatment outcome of Indian patients with primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the tonsil treated at a single institution. METHODS In all, 121 patients with DLBCL of the tonsil, treated at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, from January 1990 to December 2002, were included. The median age was 45 years and the majority of patients (68%) were males. Systemic symptoms were present in 12% of patients; 28% presented with stage I and 67% had stage II disease. Treatment consisted of a combination of chemotherapy (CTh) and radiotherapy (RT) for the majority of patients (69.4%). Among those receiving RT, 64% received an RT dose of > or =45 Gy. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 62 months, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 66.4% and 81.6%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors included: WHO performance score > or =2 (OS: 72.1% vs 95.6%, P = .016), bulky tumors (OS: 68.5% vs 86.9%, P = .001), presence of B-symptoms (OS: 36.7% vs 79.6%, P < .001), and Ann Arbor stage. On multivariate analysis; WHO performance score > or =2 (hazard ratio [HR], 4.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-15.12), and B symptoms (HR, 6.27; 95% CI, 2.38-16.48), retained statistical significance. CTh + RT resulted in a significantly better outcome than those treated with CTh alone (OS: 85.7% vs 70.7%, P = .008). The complete response (P = .053), DFS (P = .039), and OS (P = .014) rates were significantly better for patients receiving an RT dose > or =45 Gy. CONCLUSIONS Tumor bulk, WHO performance score, the presence of B symptoms, and Ann Arbor stage significantly influence outcome. A combined modality treatment, consisting of CTh and RT (with an RT dose of > or =45 Gy), results in a satisfactory outcome in patients with this uncommon neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
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Prabhash K, Prasad N, Biswas G, Bakshi A, Parikh PM. Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as double head. Indian J Gastroenterol 2006; 25:255. [PMID: 17090845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai 400 012, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear how delivery through a feeding tube compares between esomeprazole in water, lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet in water, omeprazole/NaHCO(3) in water and simplified lansoprazole suspension. AIM This in vitro study compared delivery through a narrow calibre (8F) feeding tube among four proton pump inhibitors when given by skilled [nurse; (n = 8)] or unskilled [lay; (n = 8)] providers. METHODS Following standard instruction, subjects were observed delivering each proton pump inhibitor in a sequential, but random, fashion to evaluate administration quality and time. Delivery was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography methods and subject preferences were evaluated. RESULTS Delivery (%), similar between lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet (95.7 +/- 3.2) and omeprazole/NaHCO(3) (96.1 +/- 3.0), was both greater for lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet than esomeprazole in water (88.9 +/- 8.6; P = 0.006) or simplified lansoprazole suspension (86.1 +/- 9.5; P = 0.0001) and omeprazole/NaHCO(3) than esomeprazole in water (P = 0.004) or simplified lansoprazole suspension (P < 0.001), and was not affected by prior subject experience. Quality was higher with both omeprazole/NaHCO(3) and lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet than simplified lansoprazole suspension. Administration was quicker for lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet than esomeprazole in water. Subjects preferred lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet and omeprazole/NaHCO(3). CONCLUSIONS When given through an in vitro feeding tube, omeprazole/NaHCO(3) and lansoprazole oral disintegrating tablet lead to greater drug delivery, improved administration quality and higher user satisfaction, than either esomeprazole in water or simplified lansoprazole suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Devlin
- School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Arora B, Parikh PM, Nair R, Vora A, Gupta S, Sastry P, Menon H, Bakshi A, Kumar P, Goyal L. Status of geriatric oncology in India: A national multicentric survey of oncology professionals. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.16035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
16035 Background: Elderly cancer patients are underrepresented in cancer services utilization and clinical research in India. National data on providers’ knowledge, attitude and practices with regard to elderly cancer patients is sparse and is urgently required to address needs of this vulnerable and growing population. Methods: A self administered questionnaire was mailed to nationally representative sample of practicing oncologists all over India. 112 Oncologists (Medical Oncologists-51%; Radiation Oncologists-25%; Surgical Oncologists-20%; allied fields-4%) responded out of 250 mailed Questionnaires. Results: A designated Geriatric Oncology unit is in existence in very few (<5%) centers. Majority (51%) considered patients with chronological age of >60 years as elderly for India. Although 75% of elderly patients receive some therapy, only 50% of potentially curable patients and a similar percentage of potentially incurable patients receive standard of care. Also, 50% patients require modification in their treatment and only two-third of treated patients complete therapy. The existent barriers to treatment included poor performance status (53%), advanced stage (16%), and co-morbidities (15%). Only 51% Oncologists always discussed and 28% always enrolled elderly patients in clinical trials. Standard of care and evidence based recommendations for elderly patients were felt to be lacking by 49% and 92% of respondents respectively. The need of separate trials for elderly and a separate discipline of Geriatric Oncology was voiced by 93% and 89% of respondents respectively. Major differences in treatment practice between medical oncologists and non medical oncologists are shown in table . Conclusions: Treatment practices and accrual of elderly cancer patients in clinical trials in India is far from optimal. Formation of a National Geriatric Oncology society and creation of designated Geriatric oncology services at key centers may enhance the understanding and clinical care of this population. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Arora
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - R. Nair
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - A. Vora
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S. Gupta
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - P. Sastry
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - H. Menon
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - A. Bakshi
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - P. Kumar
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - L. Goyal
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Bakshi A, Sastry P, Narayanan P, Bhagwat R, Biswas G, Mishra B, Khadwal A, Parikh P. G-CSF(filgrastim) on day −1 (day before stem cell infusion) provides stable engraftment and good progression free and overall survival (PFS and OS) in hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)-Tata Memorial Centre experience. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.11.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sastry P, Narayanan P, Bakshi A, Bhagwat R, Biswas G, Khadwal A, Mishra B, Parikh P. High dose chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) in Hodgkin’s Disease (HD) with ≥2 reLapses—tata memorial hospital data. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.11.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Laskar S, Talapatra K, Nemade B, Bhutani R, Kane S, Bakshi A, Muckaden M. Recurrent episodes of hematuria: A rare presentation of leiomyosarcoma of prostate. J Cancer Res Ther 2006; 2:212-4. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.29837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Bakshi A, Biswas G, Deshmukh C, Prasad N, Nair R, Parikh PM. Successful complete regression of isolated intramedullary spinal cord metastases from epithelial ovarian carcinoma with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Indian J Cancer 2006; 43:136-8. [PMID: 17065773 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.27937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Advances in the management of ovarian cancer by use of aggressive surgery and effective platinum-based chemotherapy have prolonged survival; this may have resulted in an alteration of the metastatic pattern of the disease and spread to unusual sites (e.g, CNS) has become more common. Also, with the availability of more sensitive imaging techniques, these tumors are being diagnosed with increasing frequency. Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis is rare. We report one such case treated successfully with chemotherapy and radiotherapy with long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
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