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Lennon AM, Buchanan AH, Rego SP, Choudhry OA, Elias PZ, Sadler JR, Roberta J, Zhang Y, Flake DD, Honushefsky A, Salvati ZM, Sheridan K, Wagner ES, Fishman EK, Papadopoulos N, Beer TM. Outcomes following a false positive multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test: Results from DETECT-A, the first large, prospective, interventional MCED study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2024:745184. [PMID: 38705577 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Guideline recommended standard of care (SoC) screening is available for four cancer types; most cancer-related deaths are caused by cancers without SoC screening. DETECT-A is the first prospective interventional trial evaluating an MCED blood test (CancerSEEK) in women without a history of cancer, providing the first opportunity to assess the long-term outcomes of individuals with false positive (FP) MCED results. This prospective analysis of DETECT-A participants with FP results evaluates the performance of an imaging-based diagnostic workflow and examines cancer risk following a FP result. This analysis included all DETECT-A participants with a positive CancerSEEK test and subsequent flourine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-IV contrast enhanced computed tomography (18-F-FDG PET-CT) imaging and clinical workup indicating no evidence of cancer within one year of enrollment (n=98). Medical records, study interactions, and study surveys were used to assess cancer incidence, treatments, and clinical outcomes through August 2023. Ninety-five of 98 participants with a FP result remained cancer-free with a median follow-up of 3.6 years (IQR: 2.5-4.1) from determination of FP status. Three incident cancers were observed over the follow-up period. One bilateral stage IIIC ovarian cancer was diagnosed 1.9 years after determination of FP status; two stage I breast cancers were diagnosed 0.1 and 1.6 years from determination of FP status. The annual incidence rate of cancer during follow-up from FP determination was 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2%-2.8%). Participants with a positive CancerSEEK test who underwent 18-F-FDG PET-CT and clinical workup without cancer findings had low risk for cancer over the following several years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tomasz M Beer
- Exact Sciences (United States), Madison, WI, United States
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Honushefsky A, Wagner ES, Sheridan K, Spickard KM, LeMasters WR, Walter CN, Beaver T, Lennon AM, Papadopoulos N, Rahm AK, Buchanan AH. Real-time evaluation and adaptation to facilitate rapid recruitment in a large, prospective cohort study. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:336. [PMID: 38481315 PMCID: PMC10938733 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruiting large cohorts efficiently can speed the translation of findings into care across a range of scientific disciplines and medical specialties. Recruitment can be hampered by factors such as financial barriers, logistical concerns, and lack of resources for patients and clinicians. These and other challenges can lead to underrepresentation in groups such as rural residents and racial and ethnic minorities. Here we discuss the implementation of various recruitment strategies for enrolling participants into a large, prospective cohort study, assessing the need for adaptations and making them in real-time, while maintaining high adherence to the protocol and high participant satisfaction. METHODS While conducting a large, prospective trial of a multi-cancer early detection blood test at Geisinger, an integrated health system in central Pennsylvania, we monitored recruitment progress, adherence to the protocol, and participants' satisfaction. Tracking mechanisms such as paper records, electronic health records, research databases, dashboards, and electronic files were utilized to measure each outcome. We then reviewed study procedures and timelines to list the implementation strategies that were used to address barriers to recruitment, protocol adherence and participant satisfaction. RESULTS Adaptations to methods that contributed to achieving the enrollment goal included offering multiple recruitment options, adopting group consenting, improving visit convenience, increasing the use of electronic capture and the tracking of data and source documents, staffing optimization via leveraging resources external to the study team when appropriate, and integrating the disclosure of study results into routine clinical care without adding unfunded work for clinicians. We maintained high protocol adherence and positive participant experience as exhibited by a very low rate of protocol deviations and participant complaints. CONCLUSION Recruiting rapidly for large studies - and thereby facilitating clinical translation - requires a nimble, creative approach that marshals available resources and changes course according to data. Planning a rigorous assessment of a study's implementation outcomes prior to study recruitment can further ground study adaptations and facilitate translation into practice. This can be accomplished by proactively and continuously assessing and revising implementation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric S Wagner
- Geisinger, 549 Fair Street, Bloomsburg, PA, 17815, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Taryn Beaver
- Geisinger, 549 Fair Street, Bloomsburg, PA, 17815, USA
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Lennon AM, Buchanan AH, Kinde I, Warren A, Honushefsky A, Cohain AT, Ledbetter DH, Sanfilippo F, Sheridan K, Rosica D, Adonizio CS, Hwang HJ, Lahouel K, Cohen JD, Douville C, Patel AA, Hagmann LN, Rolston DD, Malani N, Zhou S, Bettegowda C, Diehl DL, Urban B, Still CD, Kann L, Woods JI, Salvati ZM, Vadakara J, Leeming R, Bhattacharya P, Walter C, Parker A, Lengauer C, Klein A, Tomasetti C, Fishman EK, Hruban RH, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Papadopoulos N. Feasibility of blood testing combined with PET-CT to screen for cancer and guide intervention. Science 2020; 369:eabb9601. [PMID: 32345712 PMCID: PMC7509949 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb9601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatments are often more successful when the disease is detected early. We evaluated the feasibility and safety of multicancer blood testing coupled with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging to detect cancer in a prospective, interventional study of 10,006 women not previously known to have cancer. Positive blood tests were independently confirmed by a diagnostic PET-CT, which also localized the cancer. Twenty-six cancers were detected by blood testing. Of these, 15 underwent PET-CT imaging and nine (60%) were surgically excised. Twenty-four additional cancers were detected by standard-of-care screening and 46 by neither approach. One percent of participants underwent PET-CT imaging based on false-positive blood tests, and 0.22% underwent a futile invasive diagnostic procedure. These data demonstrate that multicancer blood testing combined with PET-CT can be safely incorporated into routine clinical care, in some cases leading to surgery with intent to cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Lennon
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Isaac Kinde
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andrew Warren
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Third Rock Ventures, LLC, 29 Newbury Street Boston, MA 02116, USA
| | | | - Ariella T Cohain
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Fred Sanfilippo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 100 Woodruff Circle Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | | | - Christian S Adonizio
- Geisinger, 100 N. Academy Avenue Danville, PA 17822, USA
- Geisinger Cancer Institute, 100 N. Academy Avenue Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Hee Jung Hwang
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kamel Lahouel
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joshua D Cohen
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Ludwig Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christopher Douville
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Ludwig Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Aalpen A Patel
- Geisinger, 100 N. Academy Avenue Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Leonardo N Hagmann
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Nirav Malani
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shibin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Ludwig Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Ludwig Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - David L Diehl
- Geisinger, 100 N. Academy Avenue Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Bobbi Urban
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Lisa Kann
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Julie I Woods
- Geisinger, 100 N. Academy Avenue Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Carroll Walter
- Geisinger, 100 N. Academy Avenue Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Alex Parker
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Christoph Lengauer
- Thrive Earlier Detection Corp., 38 Sidney Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Third Rock Ventures, LLC, 29 Newbury Street Boston, MA 02116, USA
| | - Alison Klein
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cristian Tomasetti
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Elliot K Fishman
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kenneth W Kinzler
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Ludwig Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Ludwig Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- The Ludwig Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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