1
|
Khaled AM, Othman MS, Obeidat ST, Aleid GM, Aboelnaga SM, Fehaid A, Hathout HMR, Bakkar AA, Moneim AEA, El-Garawani IM, Morsi DS. Green-Synthesized Silver and Selenium Nanoparticles Using Berberine: A Comparative Assessment of In Vitro Anticancer Potential on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line (HepG2). Cells 2024; 13:287. [PMID: 38334679 PMCID: PMC10854975 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A well-known natural ingredient found in several medicinal plants, berberine (Ber), has been shown to have anticancer properties against a range of malignancies. The limited solubility and bioavailability of berberine can be addressed using Ber-loaded nanoparticles. In this study, we compared the in vitro cytotoxic effects of both Ber-loaded silver nanoparticles (Ber-AgNPs) and Ber-loaded selenium nanoparticles (Ber-SeNPs) in the human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and mouse normal liver cells (BNL). The IC50 values in HepG2 for berberine, Ber-AgNPs, Ber-SeNPs, and cisplatin were 26.69, 1.16, 0.04, and 0.33 µg/mL, respectively. Our results show that Ber and its Ag and Se nanoparticles exerted a good antitumor effect against HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis via upregulating p53, Bax, cytosolic cytochrome C levels, and caspase-3 activity, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2 levels. Similarly, incubation with Ber and both Ber-NPs (Ag and Se) led to a significant dose-dependent elevation in inflammatory markers' (TNF-α, NF-κB, and COX-2) levels compared to the control group. In addition, it led to the arrest of the G1 cell cycle by depleting the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK-2 mRNA. Furthermore, Ber and both Ber-NPs (Ag and Se) caused a significant dose-dependent increase in LDH activity in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, our findings offer evidence that Ber and its nanoparticles intensified oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the migration rate of cells subjected to berberine and its nanoforms was notably decreased compared to that of control cells. It can be inferred that Ber nanoparticles exhibited superior anticancer efficacy against HepG2 compared to unprocessed Ber, perhaps due to their improved solubility and bioavailability. Furthermore, Ber-SeNPs exhibited greater efficacy than Ber-AgNPs, possibly as a result of the inherent anticancer characteristics of selenium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azza M. Khaled
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.K.); (M.S.O.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Mohamed S. Othman
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.K.); (M.S.O.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Sofian T. Obeidat
- Basic Sciences Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, University of Ha’il, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.O.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Ghada M. Aleid
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.K.); (M.S.O.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Shimaa M. Aboelnaga
- Basic Sciences Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year, University of Ha’il, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (S.T.O.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Alaa Fehaid
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, El Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Heba M. R. Hathout
- Natural Resources Department, Faculty of African Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Ashraf A. Bakkar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA), Giza 12566, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Islam M. El-Garawani
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom 32511, Egypt; (I.M.E.-G.); (D.S.M.)
| | - Dalia S. Morsi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom 32511, Egypt; (I.M.E.-G.); (D.S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hassan ESE, Shafaa MW, Faraag AHI, Essawy E, Bakkar AA, Al-Megrin WA, El-Khadragy MF, Abdelfattah MS, Abdel Moneim AE. Evaluation of the antineoplastic property of prodigiosins and 5-fluorouracil in restraining the growth of Ehrlich solid tumors in mice. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:83723-83732. [PMID: 35773616 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21678-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Prodigiosins have been shown to have anticancer activities. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is broadly used chemotherapeutic drug that treats different solid tumors including breast cancer but has low response rates and a variety of side effects. In this study, we evaluated the anticancer properties of prodigiosins in a murine model "Ehrlich tumor" and tested whether it can be added to 5-FU to potentiate its effects. Markers of oxidative stress; MDA, NO, and GSH levels were evaluated as well as antioxidant enzyme activities of CAT SOD, GR, and GPx. The levels of Bax, Bcl-2, PCNA, and NF-κB proteins were measured using ELISA kits. The mRNAs of p53 and Cdc2 and Casp3 were quantitatively measured by real-time PCR and ELISA respectively. Cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometery. Prodigiosins did not influence tumor volume. Prodigiosins have not induced oxidative stress while 5-FU did increase MDA, NO but decreased GSH levels. The combination prodigiosins and 5-FU did reduce oxidative stress markers; MDA, NO and increased GSH levels. Prodigiosins significantly increased CAT only while 5-FU did decreased SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR. The combination prodigiosins and 5-FU increased the levels of these enzymes again. Prodigiosins increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio while the combination deceased it. In conclusion, prodigiosins have pronounced anticancer properties but their combination with 5-FU decreased oxidative stress exerted by 5-FU but weakened the apoptotic effects of 5-FU. Prodigiosins could affect a key mechanism through which 5-FU exerts its tumor inhibitory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed S E Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Medhat W Shafaa
- Medical biophysics Division, Physics Department, Faculty of Science Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H I Faraag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Ehab Essawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A Bakkar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Wafa A Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal F El-Khadragy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bakkar AA, Allory Y, Iwatsubo Y, de Medina SGD, Maille P, Khreich N, Riou A, Leroy K, Vordos D, Abbou CC, Andujar P, Billebaud T, Chammings S, Conso F, De La Taille A, Fontaine E, Gattegno B, Ravery V, Sibony M, Radvanyi F, Chopin DK, Pairon JC. Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons influenced neither the frequency nor the spectrum of FGFR3 mutations in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2010; 49:25-31. [PMID: 19722178 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is associated with an increased risk of urothelial carcinoma (UC). FGFR3 is found mutated in about 70% of Ta tumors, which represent the major group at diagnosis. The influence of PAH on FGFR3 mutations and whether it is related to the emergence or shaping of these mutations is not yet known. We investigated the influence of occupational PAH on the frequency and spectrum of FGFR3 mutations. We included on 170 primary urothelial tumors from five hospitals from France. Patients (median age, 64 yr) were interviewed to gather data on occupational exposure to PAH, revealing 104 non- and possibly PAH exposed patients, 66 probably and definitely exposed patients. Tumors were classified as follows: 75 pTa, 52 pT1, and 43 > or =pT2. Tumor grades were as follows: 6 low malignant potential neoplasms (LMPN) and 41 low-grade and 123 high-grade carcinomas. The SnaPshot method was used to screen for the following FGFR3 mutations: R248C, S249C, G372C, Y375C, A393E, K652E, K652Q, K652M, and K652T. Occupational PAH exposure was not associated with a particular stage or grade of tumors. Thirty-nine percent of the tumors harbored FGFR3 mutations. After adjustment for smoking, occupational exposure to PAH did not influence the frequency [OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.78-1.52], or spectrum of FGFR3 mutations. Occupational exposure to PAH influenced neither the frequency nor the spectrum of FGFR3 mutations and there was no direct relationship between these mutations and this occupational hazard.
Collapse
|
4
|
Bakkar AA, Quach V, Le Borgne A, Toublanc M, Henin D, Wallerand H, Radvanyi F, Bittard H, Ravery V, Gibod LB, de Medina SGD, Chopin DK, Grandchamp B. Sensitive allele-specific PCR assay able to detect FGFR3 mutations in tumors and urine from patients with urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Clin Chem 2005; 51:1555-7. [PMID: 16040860 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2005.049619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Bakkar
- EMI INSERM 03-37 and Service d'Urologie, Université Paris 12, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wallerand H, Bakkar AA, de Medina SGD, Pairon JC, Yang YC, Vordos D, Bittard H, Fauconnet S, Kouyoumdjian JC, Jaurand MC, Zhang ZF, Radvanyi F, Thiery JP, Chopin DK. Mutations in TP53, but not FGFR3, in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder are influenced by smoking: contribution of exogenous versus endogenous carcinogens. Carcinogenesis 2004; 26:177-84. [PMID: 15347601 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgh275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCC). Mutations in the FGFR3 and TP53 genes have been shown to define two distinct pathways in superficial papillary and invasive UCC disease, respectively. We investigated the relationship between smoking and these mutations by means of denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and sequencing for 110 primary UCC of the bladder. This study included 48 current smokers, 31 ex-smokers and 31 non-smokers. Thirty-five of the tumors were stage pTa, 40 pT1 and 35 > or =pT2. Fourteen of the tumors were grade 1, 37 were grade 2 and 59 grade 3. Smoking was associated with high stage (P = 0.03) and high grade tumors (P = 0.006). Twenty-two of the 110 tumors studied harbored TP53 mutations (20%) and 43 harbored FGFR3 mutations (39%). Odds ratios (OR) were higher for TP53 mutations in current smokers [OR, 2.25; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.65-7.75] and ex-smokers (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.41-6.42) than in non-smokers. Double TP53 mutations and the A:T-->G:C TP53 mutation pattern was found only in current smokers. Patients with the FGFR3(wild-type)/TP53(mutated) genotype had significantly higher levels of tobacco consumption, as measured in pack-years (P = 0.01). Smoking influenced neither the frequency nor the pattern of FGFR3 mutations. Our results suggest that smoking is associated with invasive and high grade UCCs, at initial presentation, and influenced TP53 or the molecular pathway defined by these mutations. In contrast, FGFR3 mutations are not affected by smoking and probably result from endogenous alterations. These data have potential implications for clinical management and prevention strategies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Carcinogens
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/etiology
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/genetics
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Genes, p53/drug effects
- Genes, p53/genetics
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Staging
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/drug effects
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3
- Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor/drug effects
- Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor/genetics
- Smoking/adverse effects
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/etiology
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Wallerand
- EMI INSERM 03-37 and Service d'Urologie, Université Paris XII, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bakkar AA, Wallerand H, Radvanyi F, Lahaye JB, Pissard S, Lecerf L, Kouyoumdjian JC, Abbou CC, Pairon JC, Jaurand MC, Thiery JP, Chopin DK, de Medina SGD. FGFR3 and TP53 gene mutations define two distinct pathways in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Cancer Res 2004; 10:86-95. [PMID: 14678961 DOI: 10.4238/vol10-1gmr923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
FGFR3 and TP53 mutations are frequent in superficial papillary and invasive disease, respectively. We used denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and sequencing to screen for FGFR3 and TP53 mutations in 81 newly diagnosed urothelial cell carcinomas. Tumors were classified as follows: 31 pTa, 1 carcinoma in situ, 30 pT1, and 19 pT2-T4. Tumor grades were as follows: 10 G1, 29 G2, and 42 G3. FGFR3 mutations were associated with low-stage (P < 0.0001), low-grade (P < 0.008) tumors, whereas TP53 mutations were associated with high-stage (P < 0.003), high-grade (P < 0.02) tumors. Mutations in these two genes were almost mutually exclusive. Our results suggest that FGFR3 and TP53 mutations define separate pathways at initial diagnosis of urothelial cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Bakkar
- Equipe mixte Inserm Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, and Service d'Urologie, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|