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Csordas A, Sipos B, Kurucova T, Volfova A, Zamola F, Tichy B, Hicks DG. Cell Tree Rings: the structure of somatic evolution as a human aging timer. GeroScience 2024; 46:3005-3019. [PMID: 38172489 PMCID: PMC11009167 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological age is typically estimated using biomarkers whose states have been observed to correlate with chronological age. A persistent limitation of such aging clocks is that it is difficult to establish how the biomarker states are related to the mechanisms of aging. Somatic mutations could potentially form the basis for a more fundamental aging clock since the mutations are both markers and drivers of aging and have a natural timescale. Cell lineage trees inferred from these mutations reflect the somatic evolutionary process, and thus, it has been conjectured, the aging status of the body. Such a timer has been impractical thus far, however, because detection of somatic variants in single cells presents a significant technological challenge. Here, we show that somatic mutations detected using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) from thousands of cells can be used to construct a cell lineage tree whose structure correlates with chronological age. De novo single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) are detected in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using a modified protocol. A default model based on penalized multiple regression of chronological age on 31 metrics characterizing the phylogenetic tree gives a Pearson correlation of 0.81 and a median absolute error of ~4 years between predicted and chronological ages. Testing of the model on a public scRNA-seq dataset yields a Pearson correlation of 0.85. In addition, cell tree age predictions are found to be better predictors of certain clinical biomarkers than chronological age alone, for instance glucose, albumin levels, and leukocyte count. The geometry of the cell lineage tree records the structure of somatic evolution in the individual and represents a new modality of aging timer. In addition to providing a numerical estimate of "cell tree age," it unveils a temporal history of the aging process, revealing how clonal structure evolves over life span. Cell Tree Rings complements existing aging clocks and may help reduce the current uncertainty in the assessment of geroprotective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Csordas
- AgeCurve Limited, Cambridge, CB2 1SD, UK.
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.
| | | | - Terezia Kurucova
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czechia
| | - Andrea Volfova
- HealthyLongevity.clinic Inc, 540 University Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Frantisek Zamola
- HealthyLongevity.clinic Inc, 540 University Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94301, USA
| | - Boris Tichy
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500, Brno, Czechia
| | - Damien G Hicks
- AgeCurve Limited, Cambridge, CB2 1SD, UK
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
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Tausen BM, Csordas A, Macrae CN. The Mental Landscape of Imagining Life Beyond the Current Life Span: Implications for Construal and Self-Continuity. Innov Aging 2020; 4:igaa013. [PMID: 32864477 PMCID: PMC7447858 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives With rapid advancements in medicine, technology, and nutrition, the future holds the possibility of longer and healthier lives. Despite garnering attention from myriad disciplines, psychological perspectives on life extension are scarce. In three studies, we addressed this gap by exploring key mental characteristics and psychological variables associated with simulating an expanded life span and thus an extremely distant future self. Research Design and Methods Three studies investigated the construal (i.e., valence, vividness, and visual perspective) of extremely distant future simulations and the extent to which participants felt connected to their future selves (i.e., self-continuity). Studies 1 and 2 investigated the characteristics of imagery associated with different ages ranging from near the current species maximum (e.g., 120, 150) to more highly hypothetical ages (e.g., 201, 501). Study 3 probed the mental construal of extreme aging among different populations (i.e., life-extension supporters, students, and Mechanical Turk workers). Studies also assessed participants’ general feelings about the ethicality and likelihood of techniques that halt or reverse biological aging to help individuals live beyond the current life expectancy. Results Participants in all studies reported being able to vividly imagine expanded aging scenarios (increased chronological, without biological, and aging), but these simulations were characterized by a decreased sense of connection to one’s future self (i.e., self-continuity) compared to a control condition. Temporal distance did not, however, impact ratings of self-continuity when comparing experimental conditions (i.e., imagining one’s self 120 vs 150 or 201 vs 501). Curiously, a sense of self-continuity (when simulating oneself well beyond the current life expectancy) remained intact for individuals who belonged to a community of life-extension supporters. The perceived likelihood and ethicality of extended life-span scenarios also varied significantly across different populations. Discussion and Implications The current work is the first to quantify the disconnect between one’s current and extremely distant (i.e., beyond the current life expectancy) future self. Given the behavioral implications of feeling disconnected from one’s future self (e.g., failing to save for retirement or care for one’s own physical health), these findings inform a critical barrier of extended life spans and provide insight into potential remedies (e.g., enhancing the perceived likelihood of living longer). Theoretical implications of hypotheticality and temporal distance, two key dimensions of Construal Level Theory, and their impact on the construal and self-continuity associated with future simulations are also discussed.
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Perez-Riverol Y, Csordas A, Bai J, Bernal-Llinares M, Hewapathirana S, Kundu DJ, Inuganti A, Griss J, Mayer G, Eisenacher M, Pérez E, Uszkoreit J, Pfeuffer J, Sachsenberg T, Yilmaz S, Tiwary S, Cox J, Audain E, Walzer M, Jarnuczak AF, Ternent T, Brazma A, Vizcaíno JA. The PRIDE database and related tools and resources in 2019: improving support for quantification data. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:D442-D450. [PMID: 30395289 PMCID: PMC6323896 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4946] [Impact Index Per Article: 1236.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The PRoteomics IDEntifications (PRIDE) database (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/) is the world’s largest data repository of mass spectrometry-based proteomics data, and is one of the founding members of the global ProteomeXchange (PX) consortium. In this manuscript, we summarize the developments in PRIDE resources and related tools since the previous update manuscript was published in Nucleic Acids Research in 2016. In the last 3 years, public data sharing through PRIDE (as part of PX) has definitely become the norm in the field. In parallel, data re-use of public proteomics data has increased enormously, with multiple applications. We first describe the new architecture of PRIDE Archive, the archival component of PRIDE. PRIDE Archive and the related data submission framework have been further developed to support the increase in submitted data volumes and additional data types. A new scalable and fault tolerant storage backend, Application Programming Interface and web interface have been implemented, as a part of an ongoing process. Additionally, we emphasize the improved support for quantitative proteomics data through the mzTab format. At last, we outline key statistics on the current data contents and volume of downloads, and how PRIDE data are starting to be disseminated to added-value resources including Ensembl, UniProt and Expression Atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasset Perez-Riverol
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Attila Csordas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jingwen Bai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Manuel Bernal-Llinares
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Suresh Hewapathirana
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Deepti J Kundu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Avinash Inuganti
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Johannes Griss
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.,Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Gerhard Mayer
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Eisenacher
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Enrique Pérez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Julian Uszkoreit
- Ruhr University Bochum, Medical Faculty, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Julianus Pfeuffer
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department for Computer Science, University of Tuebingen, Sand 14, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Timo Sachsenberg
- Applied Bioinformatics, Department for Computer Science, University of Tuebingen, Sand 14, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sule Yilmaz
- Computational Systems Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Shivani Tiwary
- Computational Systems Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Jürgen Cox
- Computational Systems Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Enrique Audain
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Mathias Walzer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Andrew F Jarnuczak
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Tobias Ternent
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Juan Antonio Vizcaíno
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
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List J, Gordon G, Csordas A, Stavas J. Radiation exposure during chronic central venous occlusion interventions in the interventional radiology suite: A simulation study comparing two disposable radiation protection devices. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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List J, Gordon G, Csordas A, Stavas J. A uterine artery embolization simulation study comparing the scatter radiation reduction to the operator with two disposable radiation protection devices. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Vizcaíno JA, Csordas A, Del-Toro N, Dianes JA, Griss J, Lavidas I, Mayer G, Perez-Riverol Y, Reisinger F, Ternent T, Xu QW, Wang R, Hermjakob H. 2016 update of the PRIDE database and its related tools. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:11033. [PMID: 27683222 PMCID: PMC5159556 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Vizcaíno
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Attila Csordas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Noemi Del-Toro
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - José A Dianes
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Johannes Griss
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilias Lavidas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Gerhard Mayer
- Medizinisches Proteom Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Yasset Perez-Riverol
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Florian Reisinger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Tobias Ternent
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Qing-Wei Xu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
- National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Deutsch EW, Csordas A, Sun Z, Jarnuczak A, Perez-Riverol Y, Ternent T, Campbell DS, Bernal-Llinares M, Okuda S, Kawano S, Moritz RL, Carver JJ, Wang M, Ishihama Y, Bandeira N, Hermjakob H, Vizcaíno JA. The ProteomeXchange consortium in 2017: supporting the cultural change in proteomics public data deposition. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 45:D1100-D1106. [PMID: 27924013 PMCID: PMC5210636 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 648] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ProteomeXchange (PX) Consortium of proteomics resources (http://www.proteomexchange.org) was formally started in 2011 to standardize data submission and dissemination of mass spectrometry proteomics data worldwide. We give an overview of the current consortium activities and describe the advances of the past few years. Augmenting the PX founding members (PRIDE and PeptideAtlas, including the PASSEL resource), two new members have joined the consortium: MassIVE and jPOST. ProteomeCentral remains as the common data access portal, providing the ability to search for data sets in all participating PX resources, now with enhanced data visualization components. We describe the updated submission guidelines, now expanded to include four members instead of two. As demonstrated by data submission statistics, PX is supporting a change in culture of the proteomics field: public data sharing is now an accepted standard, supported by requirements for journal submissions resulting in public data release becoming the norm. More than 4500 data sets have been submitted to the various PX resources since 2012. Human is the most represented species with approximately half of the data sets, followed by some of the main model organisms and a growing list of more than 900 diverse species. Data reprocessing activities are becoming more prominent, with both MassIVE and PeptideAtlas releasing the results of reprocessed data sets. Finally, we outline the upcoming advances for ProteomeXchange.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Attila Csordas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Zhi Sun
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew Jarnuczak
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Yasset Perez-Riverol
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Tobias Ternent
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Manuel Bernal-Llinares
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shin Kawano
- Database Center for Life Science, Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Kashiwa 277-0871, Japan
| | | | - Jeremy J Carver
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yasushi Ishihama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Antonio Vizcaíno
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
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Vizcaíno JA, Csordas A, del-Toro N, Dianes JA, Griss J, Lavidas I, Mayer G, Perez-Riverol Y, Reisinger F, Ternent T, Xu QW, Wang R, Hermjakob H. 2016 update of the PRIDE database and its related tools. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:D447-56. [PMID: 26527722 PMCID: PMC4702828 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2499] [Impact Index Per Article: 312.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The PRoteomics IDEntifications (PRIDE) database is one of the world-leading data repositories of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics data. Since the beginning of 2014, PRIDE Archive (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/archive/) is the new PRIDE archival system, replacing the original PRIDE database. Here we summarize the developments in PRIDE resources and related tools since the previous update manuscript in the Database Issue in 2013. PRIDE Archive constitutes a complete redevelopment of the original PRIDE, comprising a new storage backend, data submission system and web interface, among other components. PRIDE Archive supports the most-widely used PSI (Proteomics Standards Initiative) data standard formats (mzML and mzIdentML) and implements the data requirements and guidelines of the ProteomeXchange Consortium. The wide adoption of ProteomeXchange within the community has triggered an unprecedented increase in the number of submitted data sets (around 150 data sets per month). We outline some statistics on the current PRIDE Archive data contents. We also report on the status of the PRIDE related stand-alone tools: PRIDE Inspector, PRIDE Converter 2 and the ProteomeXchange submission tool. Finally, we will give a brief update on the resources under development 'PRIDE Cluster' and 'PRIDE Proteomes', which provide a complementary view and quality-scored information of the peptide and protein identification data available in PRIDE Archive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Vizcaíno
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Attila Csordas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Noemi del-Toro
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - José A Dianes
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Johannes Griss
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilias Lavidas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Gerhard Mayer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK Medizinisches Proteom Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Yasset Perez-Riverol
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Florian Reisinger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Tobias Ternent
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Qing-Wei Xu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK Department of Computer Science and Technology, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
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Vaudel M, Verheggen K, Csordas A, Raeder H, Berven FS, Martens L, Vizcaíno JA, Barsnes H. Exploring the potential of public proteomics data. Proteomics 2016; 16:214-25. [PMID: 26449181 PMCID: PMC4738454 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In a global effort for scientific transparency, it has become feasible and good practice to share experimental data supporting novel findings. Consequently, the amount of publicly available MS-based proteomics data has grown substantially in recent years. With some notable exceptions, this extensive material has however largely been left untouched. The time has now come for the proteomics community to utilize this potential gold mine for new discoveries, and uncover its untapped potential. In this review, we provide a brief history of the sharing of proteomics data, showing ways in which publicly available proteomics data are already being (re-)used, and outline potential future opportunities based on four different usage types: use, reuse, reprocess, and repurpose. We thus aim to assist the proteomics community in stepping up to the challenge, and to make the most of the rapidly increasing amount of public proteomics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Vaudel
- Proteomics Unit, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kenneth Verheggen
- Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Attila Csordas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helge Raeder
- Department of Clinical Science, KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode S Berven
- Proteomics Unit, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, KG Jebsen Centre for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lennart Martens
- Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Bioinformatics Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Juan A Vizcaíno
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Harald Barsnes
- Proteomics Unit, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, KG Jebsen Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Perez-Riverol Y, Xu QW, Wang R, Uszkoreit J, Griss J, Sanchez A, Reisinger F, Csordas A, Ternent T, Del-Toro N, Dianes JA, Eisenacher M, Hermjakob H, Vizcaíno JA. PRIDE Inspector Toolsuite: Moving Toward a Universal Visualization Tool for Proteomics Data Standard Formats and Quality Assessment of ProteomeXchange Datasets. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 15:305-17. [PMID: 26545397 PMCID: PMC4762524 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o115.050229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The original PRIDE Inspector tool was developed as an open source standalone tool to enable the visualization and validation of mass-spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics data before data submission or already publicly available in the Proteomics Identifications (PRIDE) database. The initial implementation of the tool focused on visualizing PRIDE data by supporting the PRIDE XML format and a direct access to private (password protected) and public experiments in PRIDE. The ProteomeXchange (PX) Consortium has been set up to enable a better integration of existing public proteomics repositories, maximizing its benefit to the scientific community through the implementation of standard submission and dissemination pipelines. Within the Consortium, PRIDE is focused on supporting submissions of tandem MS data. The increasing use and popularity of the new Proteomics Standards Initiative (PSI) data standards such as mzIdentML and mzTab, and the diversity of workflows supported by the PX resources, prompted us to design and implement a new suite of algorithms and libraries that would build upon the success of the original PRIDE Inspector and would enable users to visualize and validate PX “complete” submissions. The PRIDE Inspector Toolsuite supports the handling and visualization of different experimental output files, ranging from spectra (mzML, mzXML, and the most popular peak lists formats) and peptide and protein identification results (mzIdentML, PRIDE XML, mzTab) to quantification data (mzTab, PRIDE XML), using a modular and extensible set of open-source, cross-platform libraries. We believe that the PRIDE Inspector Toolsuite represents a milestone in the visualization and quality assessment of proteomics data. It is freely available at http://github.com/PRIDE-Toolsuite/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasset Perez-Riverol
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Qing-Wei Xu
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Rui Wang
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Julian Uszkoreit
- §Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Medizinisches Proteom-Zenter, Medical Bioinformatics, ZKF, E.142, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Johannes Griss
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK; ¶Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Aniel Sanchez
- ‖Department of Proteomics, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Ciudad de la Habana, Cuba
| | - Florian Reisinger
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Attila Csordas
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Tobias Ternent
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Noemi Del-Toro
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jose A Dianes
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Martin Eisenacher
- §Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Medizinisches Proteom-Zenter, Medical Bioinformatics, ZKF, E.142, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Juan Antonio Vizcaíno
- From the ‡European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK;
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Vizcaíno JA, Deutsch EW, Wang R, Csordas A, Reisinger F, Ríos D, Dianes JA, Sun Z, Farrah T, Bandeira N, Binz PA, Xenarios I, Eisenacher M, Mayer G, Gatto L, Campos A, Chalkley RJ, Kraus HJ, Albar JP, Martinez-Bartolomé S, Apweiler R, Omenn GS, Martens L, Jones AR, Hermjakob H. ProteomeXchange provides globally coordinated proteomics data submission and dissemination. Nat Biotechnol 2015; 32:223-6. [PMID: 24727771 PMCID: PMC3986813 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2143] [Impact Index Per Article: 238.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Vizcaíno
- 1] European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK. [2]
| | - Eric W Deutsch
- 1] Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2]
| | - Rui Wang
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Attila Csordas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Florian Reisinger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Ríos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - José A Dianes
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zhi Sun
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Terry Farrah
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pierre-Alain Binz
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Xenarios
- 1] Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Geneva, Switzerland. [2] University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, and Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. [3] Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Eisenacher
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gerhard Mayer
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Laurent Gatto
- Computational Proteomics Unit and Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Campos
- Integromics SL, Santiago Grisolia, Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert J Chalkley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Juan Pablo Albar
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, National Center for Biotechnology-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rolf Apweiler
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- 1] Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA. [2] Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lennart Martens
- 1] Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium. [2] Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew R Jones
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBLEBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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Ternent T, Csordas A, Qi D, Gómez‐Baena G, Beynon RJ, Jones AR, Hermjakob H, Vizcaíno JA. How to submit MS proteomics data to ProteomeXchange via the PRIDE database. Proteomics 2014; 14:2233-41. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Ternent
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
| | - Attila Csordas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
| | - Da Qi
- Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | | | - Robert J. Beynon
- Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Andrew R. Jones
- Institute of Integrative Biology University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
| | - Juan Antonio Vizcaíno
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK
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Budovsky A, Craig T, Wang J, Tacutu R, Csordas A, Lourenço J, Fraifeld VE, de Magalhães JP. LongevityMap: a database of human genetic variants associated with longevity. Trends Genet 2013; 29:559-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zaborszky L, Csordas A, Mosca K, Kim J, Gielow MR, Vadasz C, Nadasdy Z. Neurons in the basal forebrain project to the cortex in a complex topographic organization that reflects corticocortical connectivity patterns: an experimental study based on retrograde tracing and 3D reconstruction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 25:118-37. [PMID: 23964066 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The most prominent feature of the Basal Forebrain (BF) is the collection of large cortically projecting neurons (basal nucleus of Meynert) that serve as the primary source of cholinergic input to the entire cortical mantle. Despite its broad involvement in cortical activation, attention, and memory, the functional details of the BF are not well understood due to the anatomical complexity of the region. This study tested the hypothesis that basalocortical connections reflect cortical connectivity patterns. Distinct retrograde tracers were deposited into various frontal and posterior cortical areas, and retrogradely labeled cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons were mapped in the BF. Concurrently, we mapped retrogradely labeled cells in posterior cortical areas that project to various frontal areas, and all cell populations were combined in the same coordinate system. Our studies suggest that the cholinergic and noncholinergic projections to the neocortex are not diffuse, but instead, are organized into segregated or overlapping pools of projection neurons. The extent of overlap between BF populations projecting to the cortex depends on the degree of connectivity between the cortical targets of these projection populations. We suggest that the organization of projections from the BF may enable parallel modulation of multiple groupings of interconnected yet nonadjacent cortical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Zaborszky
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Attila Csordas
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Kevin Mosca
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Joseph Kim
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Matthew R Gielow
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Csaba Vadasz
- N. S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Zoltan Nadasdy
- Seton Brain & Spine Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
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15
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Csordas A, Wang R, Ríos D, Reisinger F, Foster JM, Slotta DJ, Vizcaíno JA, Hermjakob H. From Peptidome to PRIDE: public proteomics data migration at a large scale. Proteomics 2013; 13:1692-5. [PMID: 23533138 PMCID: PMC3717177 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The PRIDE database, developed and maintained at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), is one of the most prominent data repositories dedicated to high throughput MS-based proteomics data. Peptidome, developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) as a sibling resource to PRIDE, was discontinued due to funding constraints in April 2011. A joint effort between the two teams was started soon after the Peptidome closure to ensure that data were not “lost” to the wider proteomics community by exporting it to PRIDE. As a result, data in the low terabyte range have been migrated from Peptidome to PRIDE and made publicly available under experiment accessions 17 900–18 271, representing 54 projects, ∼53 million mass spectra, ∼10 million peptide identifications, ∼650 000 protein identifications, ∼1.1 million biologically relevant protein modifications, and 28 species, from more than 30 different labs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Csordas
- EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
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Lewis S, Csordas A, Killcoyne S, Hermjakob H, Hoopmann MR, Moritz RL, Deutsch EW, Boyle J. Hydra: a scalable proteomic search engine which utilizes the Hadoop distributed computing framework. BMC Bioinformatics 2012; 13:324. [PMID: 23216909 PMCID: PMC3538679 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-13-324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For shotgun mass spectrometry based proteomics the most computationally expensive step is in matching the spectra against an increasingly large database of sequences and their post-translational modifications with known masses. Each mass spectrometer can generate data at an astonishingly high rate, and the scope of what is searched for is continually increasing. Therefore solutions for improving our ability to perform these searches are needed. Results We present a sequence database search engine that is specifically designed to run efficiently on the Hadoop MapReduce distributed computing framework. The search engine implements the K-score algorithm, generating comparable output for the same input files as the original implementation. The scalability of the system is shown, and the architecture required for the development of such distributed processing is discussed. Conclusion The software is scalable in its ability to handle a large peptide database, numerous modifications and large numbers of spectra. Performance scales with the number of processors in the cluster, allowing throughput to expand with the available resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Lewis
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA.
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17
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Vizcaíno JA, Côté RG, Csordas A, Dianes JA, Fabregat A, Foster JM, Griss J, Alpi E, Birim M, Contell J, O'Kelly G, Schoenegger A, Ovelleiro D, Pérez-Riverol Y, Reisinger F, Ríos D, Wang R, Hermjakob H. The PRoteomics IDEntifications (PRIDE) database and associated tools: status in 2013. Nucleic Acids Res 2012. [PMID: 23203882 PMCID: PMC3531176 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1579] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The PRoteomics IDEntifications (PRIDE, http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride) database at the European Bioinformatics Institute is one of the most prominent data repositories of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics data. Here, we summarize recent developments in the PRIDE database and related tools. First, we provide up-to-date statistics in data content, splitting the figures by groups of organisms and species, including peptide and protein identifications, and post-translational modifications. We then describe the tools that are part of the PRIDE submission pipeline, especially the recently developed PRIDE Converter 2 (new submission tool) and PRIDE Inspector (visualization and analysis tool). We also give an update about the integration of PRIDE with other MS proteomics resources in the context of the ProteomeXchange consortium. Finally, we briefly review the quality control efforts that are ongoing at present and outline our future plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Vizcaíno
- EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
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18
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Côté RG, Griss J, Dianes JA, Wang R, Wright JC, van den Toorn HWP, van Breukelen B, Heck AJR, Hulstaert N, Martens L, Reisinger F, Csordas A, Ovelleiro D, Perez-Rivevol Y, Barsnes H, Hermjakob H, Vizcaíno JA. The PRoteomics IDEntification (PRIDE) Converter 2 framework: an improved suite of tools to facilitate data submission to the PRIDE database and the ProteomeXchange consortium. Mol Cell Proteomics 2012; 11:1682-9. [PMID: 22949509 PMCID: PMC3518121 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o112.021543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The original PRIDE Converter tool greatly simplified the process of submitting mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics data to the PRIDE database. However, after much user feedback, it was noted that the tool had some limitations and could not handle several user requirements that were now becoming commonplace. This prompted us to design and implement a whole new suite of tools that would build on the successes of the original PRIDE Converter and allow users to generate submission-ready, well-annotated PRIDE XML files. The PRIDE Converter 2 tool suite allows users to convert search result files into PRIDE XML (the format needed for performing submissions to the PRIDE database), generate mzTab skeleton files that can be used as a basis to submit quantitative and gel-based MS data, and post-process PRIDE XML files by filtering out contaminants and empty spectra, or by merging several PRIDE XML files together. All the tools have both a graphical user interface that provides a dialog-based, user-friendly way to convert and prepare files for submission, as well as a command-line interface that can be used to integrate the tools into existing or novel pipelines, for batch processing and power users. The PRIDE Converter 2 tool suite will thus become a cornerstone in the submission process to PRIDE and, by extension, to the ProteomeXchange consortium of MS-proteomics data repositories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Côté
- Proteomics Services Team, EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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Csordas A, Ovelleiro D, Wang R, Foster JM, Ríos D, Vizcaíno JA, Hermjakob H. PRIDE: quality control in a proteomics data repository. Database (Oxford) 2012; 2012:bas004. [PMID: 22434838 PMCID: PMC3308160 DOI: 10.1093/database/bas004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The PRoteomics IDEntifications (PRIDE) database is a large public proteomics data repository, containing over 270 million mass spectra (by November 2011). PRIDE is an archival database, providing the proteomics data supporting specific scientific publications in a computationally accessible manner. While PRIDE faces rapid increases in data deposition size as well as number of depositions, the major challenge is to ensure a high quality of data depositions in the context of highly diverse proteomics work flows and data representations. Here, we describe the PRIDE curation pipeline and its practical application in quality control of complex data depositions. Database URL:http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Csordas
- EMBL Outstation, European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.
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Wang R, Fabregat A, Ríos D, Ovelleiro D, Foster JM, Côté RG, Griss J, Csordas A, Perez-Riverol Y, Reisinger F, Hermjakob H, Martens L, Vizcaíno JA. PRIDE Inspector: a tool to visualize and validate MS proteomics data. Nat Biotechnol 2012; 30:135-7. [PMID: 22318026 PMCID: PMC3277942 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Csordas A, Wick G, Maass M, Lach S. INFECTION WITH CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE INDUCES A PRONOUNCED PRO-INFLAMMATORY PHENOTYPE IN HUVEC VIA INDUCTION OF EGR-1 AND NFAT. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)71066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bernhard D, Skvortsov S, Tinhofer I, Hübl H, Greil R, Csordas A, Kofler R. Inhibition of histone deacetylase activity enhances Fas receptor-mediated apoptosis in leukemic lymphoblasts. Cell Death Differ 2001; 8:1014-21. [PMID: 11598799 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2001] [Revised: 05/17/2001] [Accepted: 05/29/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that butyrate, an inhibitor of histone deacetylases, is capable of inducing Fas-independent apoptosis in the acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line CCRF-CEM. Here we demonstrate that butyrate enhances Fas-induced apoptosis in this cell line. The application of different histone deacetylase inhibitors revealed that tetra-acetylated histone H4 is associated with the amplifying effect of butyrate on Fas-induced cell death. FasL, Fas, FADD, RIP, caspase-8, caspase-3, Bid, FLIP(S+L), FLASH and FAP-1, proteins known to act within the Fas-apoptosis cascade, showed no changes in their expression levels in cells treated with butyrate compared with untreated cells. Analyses of Fas-oligomerization and Western blotting as well as enzyme activity assays of caspase-2, caspase-3 and caspase-8 suggest that butyrate enhances Fas-induced apoptosis downstream of Fas but upstream of caspase-8 activation. In immunoprecipitation experiments a 37 kD butyrate-regulated protein was detected which specifically interacts with caspase-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bernhard
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innrain 66, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Tinhofer I, Bernhard D, Senfter M, Anether G, Loeffler M, Kroemer G, Kofler R, Csordas A, Greil R. Resveratrol, a tumor-suppressive compound from grapes, induces apoptosis via a novel mitochondrial pathway controlled by Bcl-2. FASEB J 2001; 15:1613-5. [PMID: 11427503 DOI: 10.1096/fj.00-0675fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Tinhofer
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Bernhard D, Tinhofer I, Tonko M, Hübl H, Ausserlechner MJ, Greil R, Kofler R, Csordas A. Resveratrol causes arrest in the S-phase prior to Fas-independent apoptosis in CEM-C7H2 acute leukemia cells. Cell Death Differ 2000; 7:834-42. [PMID: 11042678 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), in the concentration range of 20 microM and above, induced arrest in the S-phase and apoptosis in the T cell-derived T-ALL lymphocytic leukemia cell line CEM-C7H2 which is deficient in functional p53 and p16. Expression of transgenic p16/INK4A, which causes arrest in G0/G1, markedly reduced the percentage of apoptotic cells. Antagonist antibodies to Fas or FasL, or constitutive expression of crmA did not diminish the extent of resveratrol-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, a caspase-8-negative, Fas-resistant Jurkat cell line was sensitive to resveratrol-induced apoptosis which could be strongly inhibited in the Jurkat as well as in the CEM cell line by z-VAD-fmk and z-IETD-fmk. The almost complete inhibition by z-IETD-fmk and the lack of inhibition by crmA suggested caspase-6 to be the essential initiator caspase. Western blots revealed the massive conversion of procaspase-6 to its active form, while caspase-3 and caspase-2 were proteolytically activated to a much lesser extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bernhard
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Bernhard D, Ausserlechner MJ, Tonko M, Löffler M, Hartmann BL, Csordas A, Kofler R. Apoptosis induced by the histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate in human leukemic lymphoblasts. FASEB J 1999; 13:1991-2001. [PMID: 10544182 DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.13.14.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The histone deacetylase inhibitor and potential anti-cancer drug sodium butyrate is a general inducer of growth arrest, differentiation, and in certain cell types, apoptosis. In human CCRF-CEM, acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells, butyrate, and other histone deacetylase inhibitors caused G2/M cell cycle arrest as well as apoptotic cell death. Forced G0/G1 arrest by tetracycline-regulated expression of transgenic p16/INK4A protected the cells from butyrate-induced cell death without affecting the extent of histone hyperacetylation, suggesting that the latter may be necessary, but not sufficient, for cell death induction. Nuclear apoptosis, but not G2/M arrest, was delayed but not prevented by the tripeptide broad-range caspase inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp.fluoromethylketone (zVAD) and, to a lesser extent, by the tetrapeptide 'effector caspase' inhibitors benzyloxycarbonyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp.fluoromethylketone (DEVD) and benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Glu-Ile-Asp.fluoromethyl-ketone (VEID); however, the viral protein inhibitor of 'inducer caspases', crmA, had no effect. Bcl-2 overexpression partially protected stably transfected CCRF-CEM sublines from butyrate-induced apoptosis, but showed no effect on butyrate-induced growth inhibition, further distinguishing these two butyrate effects. c-myc, constitutively expressed in CCRF-CEM cells, was down-regulated by butyrate, but this was not causative for cell death. On the contrary, tetracycline-induced transgenic c-myc sensitized stably transfected CCRF-CEM derivatives to butyrate-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bernhard
- Institute for General and Experimental Pathology, Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, A-6020
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Bernhard D, Löffler M, Hartmann BL, Yoshida M, Kofler R, Csordas A. Interaction between dexamethasone and butyrate in apoptosis induction: non-additive in thymocytes and synergistic in a T cell-derived leukemia cell line. Cell Death Differ 1999; 6:609-17. [PMID: 10453071 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In thymocytes butyrate and trichostatin A are unable to augment dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. In cultured rat thymocytes the extent of apoptosis induced by dexamethasone alone did not increase by addition of 0.1 - 10 mM butyrate. Even more pronounced was the non-additive interrelationship between dexamethasone and trichostatin A, as trichostatin A-induced apoptosis was not only blocked by the presence of dexamethasone but dexamethasone-induced apoptosis was also partially inhibited in the presence of 0.1 - 0.5 microM trichostatin A. The fact that the non-additive relationship with dexamethasone for apoptosis induction was observed with both histone deacetylase inhibitors suggests that in thymocytes this phenomenon is related to histone acetylation. In contrast to this, in the human T cell-derived leukemia cell line CEM-C7H2, dexamethasone did not block butyrate- or trichostatin A-induced apoptosis; moreover, butyrate, in the concentration range of 0.1 - 1 mM, had a marked synergistic effect on dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. This synergism, however, was not mimicked by trichostatin A, indicating that the effect is not related to histone acetylation but rather due to a pleiotropic effect of butyrate. Furthermore, in CEM-C7H2 cells, at higher concentrations of butyrate (5 - 10 mM) or trichostatin A (0.4 - 0.8 microM), there was a minor but reproducible antagonistic effect of dexamethasone on apoptosis induced by each of the two histone deacetylase inhibitors, suggesting that this antagonistic effect too, is related to histone hyperacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bernhard
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Fritz-Pregl-Str. 3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Görg A, Obermaier C, Boguth G, Csordas A, Diaz JJ, Madjar JJ. Very alkaline immobilized pH gradients for two-dimensional electrophoresis of ribosomal and nuclear proteins. Electrophoresis 1997; 18:328-37. [PMID: 9150910 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150180306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Basic proteins normally lost by the cathodic drift of carrier ampholyte focusing, or separated by NEPHGE with limited reproducibility, could be well separated by two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis under equilibrium conditions using immobilized pH gradients (IPGs) 4-10 and 6-10 using a previously published protocol (Görg et al., Electrophoresis 1988, 9, 531-546). In the present study we have extended the pH gradient to pH 12 with IPGs 8-12, 9-12 and 10-12 for the analysis of very basic proteins. Different optimization steps with respect to pH engineering, gel composition and running conditions, such as substitution of acrylamide by dimethylacrylamide and addition of isopropanol with and without methylcellulose to the IPG rehydration solution (in order to suppress the reverse electroosmotic flow) were necessary to obtain highly reproducible 2-D patterns of ribosomal proteins from HeLa cells and mouse liver. Histones from chicken erythrocyte nuclei as well as total cell extracts of erythrocytes were also successfully separated under steady-state conditions. Due to the selectivity of isoelectric focusing in IPG 9-12, where the more acidic proteins abandon the gel, the tedious procedure of nuclei preparation prior to histone extraction can be omitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Görg
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Food Technology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
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Abstract
In vitro, for animal cells generally, butyrate at millimolar concentrations is an inhibitor of growth. In vivo, however, colonocytes are able to grow in the environment of about 20 mM butyrate produced by bacterial fermentation on the luminal side of the colonic epithelium. An in vivo increase of the butyrate supply results in growth stimulation of cells in the colonic crypts. This discrepancy, namely, that in cell cultures butyrate is an inhibitor of growth, whereas in vivo it has a trophic effect, is the so called in vivo paradox of butyrate. In the present review it is pointed out that butyrate is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases and there is sufficient evidence for hyperacetylation being the mechanism of the in vitro growth-inhibiting effect of butyrate. As within animal cells hyperacetylation has to occur at a certain butyrate concentration (1-10 mM), it is postulated that the in vivo lack of inhibition and 'paradoxical' stimulation of growth is a result of a low intracellular steady state concentration of butyrate in the lower layers of the crypt in spite of the much higher butyrate concentration on the luminal side. As butyrate is the preferential source of energy for colonocytes, the in vivo trophic effect is not paradoxical, when in spite of an increase of the butyrate concentration in stool, the intracellular butyrate concentration of intestinal epithelial cells still remains below the inhibiting level. For mature non-dividing colonocytes which are programmed for apoptosis, there is no difference between the observations made in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, recent developments are discussed which suggest that cyclo-oxygenase-2 may play an essential role in colonic carcinogenesis. Cyclo-oxygenase-2 is found to be expressed in most colorectal carcinomas, but not in normal non-transformed intestinal epithelial cells (DeWitt and Smith, 1995). Cyclo-oxygenase-2 overexpression makes intestinal epithelial cells resistant to butyrate-induced apoptosis (Tsujii and DuBois, 1995). This escape from butyrate-induced apoptosis appears to be an essential prerequisite for the development of colorectal cancer and suggests a functional role of butyrate in growth, differentiation and programmed cell death of colonic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Csordas
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Univesity of Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Electrophoretic analysis of tissue-specific differences of nonhistone high mobility group (HMG) proteins from nuclei of various organs of the chicken revealed that in organs with a higher proportion of replicating cells (thymus, Bursa Fabricii, spleen) the relative amount of HMG-17 is considerably higher than that of HMG-14; however, in transcriptionally active organs with a very small proportion of replicating cells (glandular stomach, liver) HMG-14 and HMG-17 are present at roughly equal and low amounts. In glandular stomach, liver and spleen, the relative contents of both HMG-1 and HMG-2 are markedly lower than in thymus and Bursa Fabricii. Moreover, the total amount of HMG proteins is higher in those organs which contain replicating lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pedrini
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Schauenstein K, Csordas A, Krömer G, Dietrich H, Wick G. In-vivo treatment with 5-azacytidine causes degeneration of central lymphatic organs and induces autoimmune disease in the chicken. Int J Exp Pathol 1991; 72:311-8. [PMID: 1726865 PMCID: PMC2001946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In-vitro evidence suggests that DNA methylation may be involved in the development of forbidden immune responses that can result in autoimmune disease. In the present study we examined in-vivo effects of 5-azacytidine (5-azaC), a substance that inhibits DNA methylation, on the immune system and the occurrence of a spontaneous autoimmune disease in the chicken model. We found that (1) treatment of young normal chickens with 1.0 mg/kg 5-azaC on 7 consecutive days caused a rapid degeneration of the central lymphoid organs thymus and bursa; (2) this regimen with 5-azaC apparently inhibited B cell maturation, as the frequency of cytoplasmic Ig+ plasma cells in the bone marrow was found to be significantly reduced, whereas the total number of bone marrow cells was unchanged; and (3) a chronic low-dose (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) application of 5-azaC through 6 weeks was found to significantly enhance the spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis in newly hatched chickens of the Cornell C strain, as determined by anti-thyroglobulin autoantibody titres and histological analysis of thyroid gland infiltration. The possible implications of these data for the generation of pathogenic autoimmune responses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schauenstein
- Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Rybczynska M, Csordas A. Interaction of free fatty acids with the erythrocyte membrane as affected by hyperthermia and ionizing radiation. Biosci Rep 1990; 10:155-63. [PMID: 2357483 DOI: 10.1007/bf01116574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The interference of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation, respectively, with the effects of capric (10:0), lauric (12:0), myristic (14:0), oleic (cis-18:1) and elaidic (trans-18:1) acids on the osmotic resistance of human erythrocytes was investigated. The results are summarized as follows: (A) not only at 37 degrees, but also at 42 degrees and 47 degrees C lauric acid (12:0) represents the minimum chain length for the biphasic behaviour of protecting against hypotonic hemolysis at a certain lower concentration range and hemolysis promotion at subsequent higher concentrations; (B) with increasing temperatures the protecting as well as the hemolytic effects occur at lower concentrations of the fatty acids; (C) the increase of temperature promotes the extent of hemolysis and reduces the extent of protection against hypotonic hemolysis; (D) Gamma-irradiation of erythrocytes selectively affects the concentration of oleic acid at which maximum protection against hypotonic hemolysis occurs, without altering the minimum concentration for 100% hemolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rybczynska
- Department of Biochemistry, K. Marcinkowski Academy of Medicine, Poznan, Poland
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Csordas A, Pedrini M, Grunicke H. Suitability of staining techniques for the detection and quantitation of nonhistone high mobility group proteins. Electrophoresis 1990; 11:118-23. [PMID: 1692529 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150110203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Three different staining techniques were compared for the detection of nonhistone high mobility group (HMG) proteins after acidic urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Silver staining after glutaraldehyde fixation provides the highest detection sensitivity. Because of the acid solubility of HMG proteins special care has to be taken concerning fixation. Staining with colloidal CBB G-250 according to Neuhoff et al. is superior in sensitivity and reliability of quantitation when compared with noncolloidal Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250. High detection sensitivity and reproducibility of quantitation are prerequisites for studying the tissue-specific expression of HMG proteins. In the present study tissue-specific differences in the molar amounts of various HMG proteins in thymus and erythrocytes of the chicken are documented by application of the methods tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Csordas
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Free fatty acids protect erythrocytes against hypotonic haemolysis in a certain low concentration range and become haemolytic at higher concentrations. The chain length dependence of this biphasic behaviour was investigated using human erythrocytes. The results can be summarized as follows: (i) A critical minimum chain length is required for both effects. Octanoic acid (C8) and fatty acids with a shorter chain length do not have any effect on the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. (ii) Decanoic acid (C10) decreases the extent of hypo-osmotic haemolysis and does not become haemolytic at higher concentrations. (iii) Dodecanoic acid (C12) represents the minimum chain length for the typical concentration-dependent biphasic behaviour with protection against hypo-osmotic haemolysis at a certain low concentration range and subsequent haemolysis at higher concentrations. (iv) Tetradecanoic acid (C14) exhibits two concentration ranges of protection against hypo-osmotic haemolysis, each followed by haemolytic concentrations. (v) The observed effects are not correlated with the critical micellar concentrations of the investigated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rybczynska
- Department of Biochemistry, Academy of Medicine, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract
1. Prokaryotes and yeast have mostly intronless genes, whereas the presence of a large number of extended introns are characteristic of the genes of of multicellular eukaryotic organisms which, however, as an exception also have a few intronless genes. 2. According to the current view, the lack of introns in prokaryotic organisms and yeast is due to the selective pressure of a short cell division time. On the other hand, the presence of introns in multicellular eukaryotic organisms is explained by the lack of selective forces against them. 3. In the present hypothesis it is proposed that introns were used as tools in the course of evolution for the organization of eukaryotic genes within the repeating units of nucleosomes, since the distinct DNA conformations of the nucleosome core particle and of the linker region, respectively, represent a constraint for the positioning of genes. 4. Recently it was shown that initiation of transcription is inhibited when the promoter sequence is within a nucleosome. 5. Since the nucleosomal organization of DNA leads to a severely deformed DNA helix and recognition of sequences by regulatory proteins is likely to depend on the conformation of the double helix, it is postulated that for the different sizes of eukaryotic genes which have to be organized within repeating units of nucleosomes, introns provided the flexibility of adjustment for the positioning of regulatory sequences, by drifting in length, sequence and position.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Csordas
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Non-esterified long-chain fatty acids reduce the extent of hypotonic hemolysis at a certain low concentration range but cause hemolysis at higher concentrations. This biphasic behavior was investigated at different temperatures (0-37 degrees C) for lauric (12:0), myristic (14:0), palmitoleic (16:1), oleic (cis-18:1) and elaidic (trans-18:1) acids. The results are summarized as follows: (A) the fatty acids examined exhibit a high degree of specificity in their thermotropic behavior; (B) oleic acid protects against hypotonic hemolysis even at the highest concentrations, up to 15 degrees C, when it becomes hemolytic, but only in a limited concentration range; (C) elaidic acid does not affect the osmotic stability of erythrocytes up to 20 degrees C, when it starts protecting: above 30 degrees C, it becomes hemolytic at the highest concentrations; (D) palmitoleic acid is an excellent protecting agent at all temperatures in a certain concentration range, becoming hemolytic at higher concentrations; (E) lauric acid protects up to 30 degrees C and becomes hemolytic only above this temperature; (F) myristic acid exhibits an extremely unusual behavior at 30 and 37 degrees C by having alternating concentration ranges of protecting and hemolytic effects; (G) there is a common critical temperature for hemolysis at 30 degrees C for saturated and trans-unsaturated fatty acids; (H) the initial slope of Arrhenius plots of percent hemolysis at the concentration of maximum protection is negative for cis-unsaturated fatty acids and positive for saturated and trans-unsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Csordas
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Schauenstein K, Rossi K, Csordas A. Differential inhibition of mitogen induced T cell proliferation by 5-azacytidine and cytosine-arabinoside. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1988; 151:548-53. [PMID: 2450543 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(88)90629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic drugs 5-azacytidine and cytosine-arabinoside influence the enzymatic methylation of DNA in opposite ways (1,2). The in vitro effects of these two drugs on Con A induced proliferation of thymic and splenic rat lymphocytes were investigated. Cytosine-arabinoside was found to inhibit mitogen induced proliferation already at a concentration of 0.001 microM, whereas 5-azacytidine was inhibitory only above concentrations of 1 microM. A stimulation of mitogen induced T cell proliferation was consistently seen with 5-azacytidine, but not with cytosine-arabinoside, at concentrations lower than the cytotoxic concentration. The results show that 5-azacytidine and cytosine-arabinoside interfere with mitogen stimulated lymphocyte proliferation by different mechanisms and suggest that hypomethylated DNA plays a role in the proliferation of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schauenstein
- Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Octylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethers (Triton detergents) interact with the erythrocyte membrane in a biphasic manner, i.e. they stabilize erythrocytes against hypo-osmotic haemolysis at low concentrations (0.0001-0.01%, v/v), but become haemolytic at higher concentrations. This biphasic behaviour was demonstrated with Triton X-114, Triton X-100 and Triton X-102. However, a critical chain length is a prerequisite for the haemolytic effect, because Triton X-45, which differs from the other Tritons only by the shorter chain of the polyoxyethylene residue, does not exhibit this biphasic behaviour, but goes on protecting against osmotic rupture up to saturating concentrations. Even a 1% solution of Triton X-45 does not cause haemolysis. This structural specificity of Triton X-45, namely the lack of haemolysis and efficient stabilization against osmolysis even at higher concentrations of the detergent, is exhibited at 0 degree and 37 degrees C as well as at room temperature. Three conclusions are reached: (i) a critical chain length of the octylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethers is required for the haemolytic effect; (ii) the different structural requirements would suggest that different mechanisms are responsible for the haemolytic and the stabilizing effect of amphiphilic substances; (iii) the results suggest that haemolysis is not caused simply by dissolution of the membrane by the detergent but is a rather more specific process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Trägner
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Hypomethylation of DNA, which can be achieved by incorporation of 5-azacytidine, has been correlated with derepression of genes. In order to examine the in vivo effects of 5-azacytidine on organ development and differentiation, young rats were treated with the drug. There was an almost complete reduction of thymus and a marked reduction of spleen weight, while other organs, including testes were only marginally affected. Control experiments with cytosine-arabinoside suggest that treatment with an inhibitor of DNA replication per se is not responsible for the very rapid thymus involution triggered by 5-azacytidine in rats. In spite of the drastic reduction of thymus and spleen weight, lymphocytes of these organs were not impaired in their response to the T cell mitogen Concanavalin A.
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Csordas A, Schauenstein K. Temperature-dependent specificity of cis-trans isomeric fatty acid interaction with the erythrocyte membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta 1986; 856:212-8. [PMID: 3955039 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(86)90030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization of red cells against hypotonic haemolysis by cis-trans isomeric free C18 fatty acids occurs with pronounced specificity which is strongly temperature-dependent, but in a distinctly different manner for the two configurational isomers. Oleic acid (cis-18:1) stabilizes very efficiently at 0 degrees C, even at the highest concentrations. Elaidic acid (trans-18:1) causes neither stabilization nor haemolysis at this temperature. At room temperature (23 degrees C), elaidic acid acquires the ability to protect, without turning haemolytic at high concentrations. At 37 degrees C elaidic acid also becomes haemolytic. The protecting effect of oleic acid at 0 degrees C is the result of a rapid reaction. The characteristic, temperature-dependent specificity of cis-trans isomeric C18 fatty acid interaction with the red cell membrane appears to be a general phenomenon, since it was observed alike with erythrocytes of different species.
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Csordas A, Puschendorf B, Grunicke H. Increased acetylation of histones at an early stage of oestradiol-mediated gene activation in the liver of immature chicks. J Steroid Biochem 1986; 24:437-42. [PMID: 3702426 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(86)90097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The vitellogenin system of chicken was used to examine alterations in the microheterogeneity of chromosomal proteins in the course of steroid hormone-mediated gene expression. After administration of oestradiol-17 beta there is a dramatic increase in the number of copies of vitellogenin m-RNA in the liver of male oviparous animals, like Xenopus and chicken. According to earlier reports the rapid increase in transcriptional activity starts after a lag of 4 h. The system has also been examined as to the number of DNase I hypersensitive sites which appear to correlate with the degree of differentiation and hormonal activation. The time course of [3H]acetate incorporation into the histone fraction was monitored and the microheterogeneity of histones analysed by acid-Triton-urea gel electrophoresis. The results show that there is an increased degree of acetylation of histones in the liver of immature chicks as a result of oestradiol-17 beta administration. The change in the modification pattern of histones was found to be an early event, correlated with the time course of appearance of new DNase I hypersensitive sites and the onset of vitellogenin m-RNA synthesis. These observations are in agreement with an earlier report about the increase in the acetylation of histones in fetal guinea pig uterus after oestradiol treatment [1]. The results suggest that the acetylation of histones might be a prerequisite for the removal of structures for efficient gene repression and the establishment of DNase I hypersensitive sites.
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Csordas A, Schauenstein K. Structure- and configuration-dependent effects of C18 unsaturated fatty acids on the chicken and sheep erythrocyte membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta 1984; 769:571-7. [PMID: 6696899 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(84)90055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids are known to cause hemolysis. At low concentrations, however, unsaturated cis fatty acids have been found to protect erythrocytes against hypotonic hemolysis. In the present experiments we examined the effect of oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), linolenic (18:3), and elaidic (18:1) acid on the osmotic fragility of chicken and sheep erythrocytes, which markedly differ in their resistance to osmotic rupture. The results are summarized as follows: (A) The phenomenon of stabilization was observed in both species alike. (B) Interaction of cells with the fatty acids under isotonic conditions led to a persistent stabilization, i.e., the cells remained more resistant against osmolysis even after several washings. (C) Oleic and elaidic acid protected against osmotic rupture with a high degree of specificity. Linoleic and linolenic acid were much less protective. Thus, this effect appears to be specific for one double bond. (D) Contrary to the unsaturated fatty acids with cis configuration, elaidic acid with the trans configuration showed no biphasic behaviour, and even at the highest concentrations applied no hemolysis was observed.
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Abstract
Homologous RNA polymerase B was used to examine the template properties of rat liver chromatin modified by acetic anhydride. Transcription of chromatin was strongly stimulated on the chemically acetylated template. Under conditions of reinitiation inhibition there was an approximately two-fold increase in the number of initiation sites on the acetylated chromatin. A new method of chemical acetylation of histones, with a high degree of specificity, is presented.
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Grunicke H, Csordas A, Helliger W, Hauptlorenz S, Loidl A, Multhaup I, Zwierzina H, Puschendorf B. Depression of histone acetylation by alkylating antitumor agents: significance for antitumor activity and possible biological consequences. Adv Enzyme Regul 1984; 22:433-46. [PMID: 6475641 DOI: 10.1016/0065-2571(84)90024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells with the alkylating antitumor agents triaziquonum, N-mustard and cyclophosphamide leads to a reduction in the posttranslational incorporation of 3H-acetate into histones and the extent of histone acetylation in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. All core histones are affected. The depression of histone acetylation is not the result of a decrease in acetyl-CoA. Evidence is presented for an activation of histone deacetylase by alkylating agents. A reduction of histone deacetylation is observed after exposure to all concentrations of alkylating agents which inhibit cell proliferation. In order to evaluate the biological consequences of a reduction of histone acetylation, the extent of acetylation was modulated by either chemical acetylation or treatment with butyrate. In all cases an increase in histone acetylation leads to an enhancement of the rate of transcription. In accord with previous reports from our laboratory (1), it is concluded that the reduction of histone acetylation affects RNA synthesis. It is emphasized, however, that besides a regulation of transcription, histone acetylation may be involved in other cell functions. Thus, the complete biological consequences of the reduction of histone acetylation remain to be elucidated. In view of the antitumor activity of the alkylating agents it seems noteworthy that hepatoma AS30D cells are characterized by a remarkably higher extent of histone H4-acetylation compared to normal, adult, fetal, or regenerating liver.
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Multhaup I, Csordas A, Grunicke H, Pfister R, Puschendorf B. Conservation of the acetylation pattern of histones and the transcriptional activity in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells by sodium butyrate. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 222:497-503. [PMID: 6189452 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells are active at low temperatures (0-4 degrees C). The so-called hyperacetylated state of histones is the physiological state of histones in intact Ehrlich ascites tumor cells which is conserved by the continuous presence of 10 mM sodium butyrate during the preparation of nuclei and histones. Isolation of histones in the absence of butyrate causes an artificial decrease in histone acetylation. This artificial loss of histone acetylation produces a decrease of the elongation reaction in the RNA synthesis. The initiation of RNA synthesis is not affected.
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Abstract
Sodium-n-butyrate affects the length of the mitotic cycle of Physarum polycephalum. Application during S- or early G2-period results in a delay of the subsequent mitosis, whereas application later in the cycle has no delaying effect. Interestingly, the second mitotic cycle after application is considerably shortened when butyrate has been administered during S- or early G2-period of the preceding cycle. In comparison, other homologous short-chain fatty acids were tested; the retarding effect on mitosis increases with the number of carbon atoms, although only butyrate can shorten the second mitotic cycle. It is shown that butyrate causes an immediate depression of synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein. After a certain time-interval the plasmodium overcomes the butyrate block. DNA synthesis is fully recovered and the inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis is even overcompensated until the next mitosis, as reflected by elevated levels of RNA and protein.
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Oberhauser H, Csordas A, Puschendorf B, Grunicke H. Increase in initiation sites for chromatin directed RNA synthesis by acetylation of chromosomal proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1978; 84:110-6. [PMID: 365177 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(78)90270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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