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Chalumeau C, Agurto-Detzel H, Rietbrock A, Frietsch M, Oncken O, Segovia M, Galve A. Seismological evidence for a multifault network at the subduction interface. Nature 2024; 628:558-562. [PMID: 38632482 PMCID: PMC11023936 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Subduction zones generate the largest earthquakes on Earth, yet their detailed structure, and its influence on seismic and aseismic slip, remains poorly understood. Geological studies of fossil subduction zones characterize the seismogenic interface as a 100 m-1 km thick zone1-3 in which deformation occurs mostly on metres-thick faults1,3-6. Conversely, seismological studies, with their larger spatial coverage and temporal resolution but lower spatial resolution, often image the seismogenic interface as a kilometres-wide band of seismicity7. Thus, how and when these metre-scale structures are active at the seismic-cycle timescale, and what influence they have on deformation is not known. Here we detect these metres-thick faults with seismicity and show their influence on afterslip propagation. Using a local three-dimensional velocity model and dense observations of more than 1,500 double-difference relocated earthquakes in Ecuador, we obtain an exceptionally detailed image of seismicity, showing that earthquakes occur sometimes on a single plane and sometimes on several metres-thick simultaneously active subparallel planes within the plate interface zone. This geometrical complexity affects afterslip propagation, demonstrating the influence of fault continuity and structure on slip at the seismogenic interface. Our findings can therefore help to create more realistic models of earthquake rupture, aseismic slip and earthquake hazard in subduction zones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Onno Oncken
- GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany
| | - Monica Segovia
- Institute of Geophysics, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Audrey Galve
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, IRD, Géoazur, Valbonne, France
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Paulatto M, Laigle M, Galve A, Charvis P, Sapin M, Bayrakci G, Evain M, Kopp H. Dehydration of subducting slow-spread oceanic lithosphere in the Lesser Antilles. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15980. [PMID: 28691714 PMCID: PMC5508134 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Subducting slabs carry water into the mantle and are a major gateway in the global geochemical water cycle. Fluid transport and release can be constrained with seismological data. Here we use joint active-source/local-earthquake seismic tomography to derive unprecedented constraints on multi-stage fluid release from subducting slow-spread oceanic lithosphere. We image the low P-wave velocity crustal layer on the slab top and show that it disappears beneath 60–100 km depth, marking the depth of dehydration metamorphism and eclogitization. Clustering of seismicity at 120–160 km depth suggests that the slab’s mantle dehydrates beneath the volcanic arc, and may be the main source of fluids triggering arc magma generation. Lateral variations in seismic properties on the slab surface suggest that serpentinized peridotite exhumed in tectonized slow-spread crust near fracture zones may increase water transport to sub-arc depths. This results in heterogeneous water release and directly impacts earthquakes generation and mantle wedge dynamics. During subduction water is transported into the mantle, but constraining its release remains challenging. Here, using seismic tomography of the Lesser Antilles arc, the authors track the multistage dehydration of the slab and its lateral variations associated with heterogeneous slab composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Paulatto
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, Sophia Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France.,Imperial College London, Earth Science and Engineering, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK
| | - Mireille Laigle
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, Sophia Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Audrey Galve
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, Sophia Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Philippe Charvis
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, Sophia Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Martine Sapin
- Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, PRES Sorbonne Paris-Cité, CNRS UMR 7154, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gaye Bayrakci
- University of Southampton, Ocean and Earth Science, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Mikael Evain
- IFREMER, Géosciences Marines, Centre Bretagne, ZI de la Pointe du Diable-CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Heidrun Kopp
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany
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López-Buesa P, Burgos C, Galve A, Varona L. Joint analysis of additive, dominant and first-order epistatic effects of four genes (IGF2, MC4R, PRKAG3 and LEPR) with known effects on fat content and fat distribution in pigs. Anim Genet 2013; 45:133-7. [PMID: 24111741 DOI: 10.1111/age.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
LEPR, MC4R, IGF2 and PRKAG3 are genes with known effects on fat content and distribution in pig carcass and pork. In a study performed with Duroc × Landrace/Large White pigs, we have found that IGF2 has strong additive effects on several carcass conformational traits and on fatty acid composition in several anatomical locations. MC4R shows additive effects on saturated fatty acid content in several muscles. On the other side, almost no additive effect has been found for PRKAG3 and very few for LEPR. In this work, no dominant effect has been found for any of the four genes. Using a Bayesian Lasso approach, we have been able now to find first-order epistatic (mainly dominant-additive) effects between LEPR and PRKAG3 for intramuscular fat content and for saturated fatty acid content in L. dorsii, B. femoralis, Ps. major and whole ham. The presence of interactions between genes in the shaping of traits of such importance as intramuscular fat content and composition highlights the complexity of heritable traits and the difficulty of gene-assisted selection for such traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- P López-Buesa
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, Zaragoza, 50013, Spain
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Galve A, Burgos C, Varona L, Carrodeguas J, Cánovas Á, López-Buesa P. Allelic frequencies of PRKAG3 in several pig breeds and its technological consequences on a Duroc × Landrace-Large White cross. J Anim Breed Genet 2013; 130:382-93. [DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Galve
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos; Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
| | - C. Burgos
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos; Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
| | - L. Varona
- Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética; Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
| | - J.A. Carrodeguas
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos; Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
| | - Á. Cánovas
- Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genética; Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
| | - P. López-Buesa
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos; Universidad de Zaragoza; Zaragoza Spain
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Cánovas A, Varona L, Burgos C, Galve A, Carrodeguas JA, Ibáñez-Escriche N, Martín- Burriel I, López-Buesa P. Early postmortem gene expression and its relationship to composition and quality traits in pig Longissimus dorsi muscle1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:3325-36. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Cánovas
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Genética Cuantitativa y Mejora Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L. Varona
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Genética Cuantitativa y Mejora Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C. Burgos
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A. Galve
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J. A. Carrodeguas
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - N. Ibáñez-Escriche
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentària. Area de Genètica i Millora Animal, Rovira Roure, 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - I. Martín- Burriel
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P. López-Buesa
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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